Advances in Public Law and Policy

Institutional Readiness for Indonesia’s Criminal Procedure Reform Under RUU KUHP

2026-02-10T10:45:19+07:00

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the readiness of Indonesia’s judicial institutions–courts, prosecutors, and police–in implementing the Rancangan Undang-Undang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (RUU KUHP), which has been enacted as UU No. 1 Tahun 2023 concerning the Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, as well as the upcoming Draft Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (RUU KUHAP 2025), which will take effect on January 2, 2026.

Research Methodology: This study uses a qualitative legal approach in Indonesia based on the analysis of UU No. 1 Tahun 2023, the Draft RUU KUHAP 2025, and relevant government reports. A descriptive analysis was conducted to assess institutional coordination and readiness within the new legal framework.

Results: The findings revealed uneven institutional readiness. Prosecutors showed moderate preparedness owing to internal regulatory adjustments and structural reforms. In contrast, courts and police institutions face challenges related to inter-agency coordination, human resource capacity, and digital infrastructure. Differences in procedural interpretation may also create implementation gaps in the field.

Conclusions: Although the Rancangan Undang-Undang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (RUU KUHP), now enacted as UU No. 1 Tahun 2023, represents a major transformation of Indonesia’s criminal justice system, its effective implementation depends on stronger institutional coordination, capacity building, and technological support.

Limitations: This study was limited by restricted access to detailed internal institutional data.

Contributions: This research contributes to the study of criminal law reform and institutional governance by highlighting the importance of organizational readiness in ensuring the successful implementation of UU No. 1 Tahun 2023 concerning the Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana in Indonesia.

Data-Driven Analysis of Cyber Threats and Public Policy Responses in Indonesia

2026-02-09T13:44:17+07:00

Purpose: This study aims to examine cybersecurity vulnerabilities in Indonesia’s digital public service transformation using a data-driven public policy perspective and to generate evidence-based policy recommendations.

Research Methodology: This study applies a qualitative data science approach by combining systematic policy review with social media analytics. Public discourse on cybersecurity incidents was collected from Platform X through data scraping and analyzed using Orange software for sentiment analysis, keyword mapping, and temporal visualization to assess public perception and governance-related risks.

Results: The analysis reveals a dominance of negative sentiment associated with public distrust, institutional dissatisfaction, and concerns over recurring data leaks. Data patterns indicate three systemic drivers of cybersecurity vulnerability: delayed implementation of derivative regulations under the Personal Data Protection Law, technical fragility and centralized risk exposure within the National Data Center, and uneven digital literacy across the population. The findings demonstrate that cybersecurity failures are not isolated technical incidents but reflect broader governance and policy implementation gaps.

Conclusions: This study concludes that Indonesia’s digital transformation agenda is constrained by insufficient data-driven cybersecurity governance. The absence of integrated regulatory, technical, and social interventions weakens the state’s capacity to manage digital risks effectively.

Limitations: This study is limited to publicly available social media data and does not include direct institutional or field-level validation.

Contributions: This research contributes to data science for public policy by demonstrating how social media analytics can support policy diagnosis, risk assessment, and evidence-based cybersecurity reform in digital government systems.

Similar but Different: Comparative Seed Policy Implementation for Food Security in Indonesia and Malaysia

2026-02-09T13:25:38+07:00

Purpose: This study aims to compare the implementation of high-quality seed and seedling management policies in Indonesia and Malaysia and to understand their role in strengthening national food security.

Research Methodology: This study employs a qualitative comparative approach focusing on Indonesia and Malaysia as ASEAN countries with different agricultural governance systems. Data were collected through document analysis of national regulations, policy reports, agricultural plans, and official publications related to seed and seedling management. The analysis applies a policy implementation framework to examine institutional arrangements, distribution systems, and stakeholder involvement, relying solely on secondary data.

Results: The findings show clear differences in policy implementation between the two countries. Malaysia has developed an integrated seed management system supported by strong institutions, digital distribution mechanisms, and continuous research and development. This system encourages compliance and effective user behavior among farmers. Indonesia, however, remains at an early implementation stage, facing challenges such as fragmented institutions, limited coordination, and inefficient seed distribution systems. These conditions reduce policy effectiveness and slow progress toward food security goals.

Conclusions: The study concludes that institutional coherence, digital governance, and strong research support are critical factors in successful seed policy implementation.

Limitations: This study is limited to document-based analysis and does not include field observations or farmer interviews.

Contributions: This study contributes to agricultural policy studies, food security research, and comparative public policy by providing insights for policymakers, researchers, and regional institutions in ASEAN.

Reimagining Grassroots Women’s Leadership: Epistemic Agency and Collective Power in Rural Indonesia

2026-02-09T13:16:59+07:00

Purpose: This study aims to explore grassroots women’s leadership as a collective and epistemic process rooted in everyday struggles for justice, care, and survival, focusing on women in rural Indonesia.

Research Methodology: This study utilizes participatory methods and feminist-decolonial analysis, drawing on field experiences and reflections from Her Place, Her Power: Growing Together for Women’s Rights and Agency in Rural Communities. The study examines the leadership of women in rural Indonesian contexts, such as forest-edge, agrarian, and coastal areas.

Results: The findings reveal that rural women develop leadership not as positional authority but as epistemic agency, creating and sharing knowledge based on lived experiences. They challenge exclusionary governance, negotiate recognition, and co-create strategies for gender equality and environmental well-being.

Conclusions: This study concludes that these women’s leadership is relational and transformative, rooted in care ethics, intergenerational solidarity, and community-based learning. Epistemic leadership provides a path toward gender-just and inclusive innovation, suggesting a need to rethink leadership development and knowledge systems.

Limitations: This study is limited to rural Indonesia and may not fully represent the experiences of women in other contexts.

Contributions: This study contributes to the fields of gender studies, rural development, and leadership by offering a new perspective on leadership that values local women as co-producers of transformative change. It provides insights for policymakers, community leaders, and scholars focused on gender equality and sustainable development.

Network Governance in Public Transport Integration Policy: Institutional Coordination and Regulatory Design in Jakarta’s JakLingko Program

2026-01-29T10:27:44+07:00

Purpose: This study examines the formulation and implementation of Jakarta’s public transport integration policy, specifically focusing on the JakLingKo program introduced in 2018. It investigates how the program integrates multiple transport modes through unified route management, institutional coordination, and a digital account-based fare system.

Methodology/approach: This study uses a qualitative research design based on a systematic literature review and genealogical discourse analysis. An interpretive–constructivist framework is applied to conceptualize policy as the product of historically embedded institutional interactions and power relations.

Results: The study finds that JakLingko operates within a network governance arrangement, involving interdependence and collaboration among public and private actors. However, the effectiveness of the program is constrained by fragmented institutional authority, uneven funding structures, and persistent coordination challenges.

Conclusions: The research concludes that successful transport integration requires not only coordination mechanisms but also clear institutional mandates and political authority to address the governance challenges in Jakarta’s public transport system.

Limitations:. The study’s findings may be limited by the scope of the literature reviewed and the specific context of Jakarta, which might not be fully generalizable to other cities with different governance structures or transport systems.

Contributions: The study contributes to urban governance literature by demonstrating that collaborative transport integration, such as JakLingko, requires a holistic approach that combines effective coordination, clear mandates, and strong political authority to overcome governance challenges.