Legal analysis of the implementation of article 33 of the criminal code concerning minors in military relations with law number 11 of 2012 concerning the juvenile criminal justice system

https://doi.org/10.35912/dpd.v4i1.2985
Published: Jun 2, 2025

Abstract:

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the legal protection of children in conflict with the law within the Indonesian criminal justice system, particularly military minors. Article 33 of the Criminal Code and Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System are both central in regulating the judicial process for minors in military service. However, the potential contradiction between these two legal frameworks requires critical examination to ensure that children's rights are not violated.

Research/methodology: This research uses a normative juridical approach. Data were collected through document analysis and literature study, including library research and other sources related to juvenile justice and military law.

Results: The study finds that although both Article 33 of the Criminal Code and Law Number 11 of 2012 are designed to provide protection, their implementation in cases involving military minors may lead to legal uncertainty. There is a need for legal harmonization to uphold fair trial principles and to ensure that military minors are given the same special protections as other children in conflict with the law.

Conclusion: Legal inconsistencies can negatively affect the rights of military minors. Reconciliation between general criminal law and juvenile justice law is necessary to create a more just legal framework.

Limitation: This study is limited to legal analysis and does not involve empirical case data or interviews with practitioners.

Contribution: The study contributes to legal scholarship by highlighting the urgency of synchronizing juvenile justice with military regulations, ensuring fair legal treatment for all minors.

Keywords:
1. Juvenile
2. Criminal Justice
Authors:
Wahyudi Hidayat
Military Law College, Indonesia
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Hidayat, W. (2025). Legal analysis of the implementation of article 33 of the criminal code concerning minors in military relations with law number 11 of 2012 concerning the juvenile criminal justice system . Dynamics of Politics and Democracy, 4(1), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.35912/dpd.v4i1.2985
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Issue & Section
Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): August
Articles
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References

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  1. Atika, N., Nuh, A., Salam, A., & Safaruddin, S. (2025). Diversion in the Juvenile Justice System: A Review of Implementation and Challenges. ANAYASA: Journal of Legal Studies, 2(2), 58-69. doi:https://doi.org/10.61397/ays.v2i2.336
  2. Brisson, A., Pereira, G., Prada, R., Paiva, A., Louchart, S., Suttie, N., . . . Bellotti, F. (2012). Artificial intelligence and personalization opportunities for serious games. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment.
  3. Djaja, E. (2010). Memberantas korupsi bersama KPK: Kajian yuridis UURI nomor 31 tahun 1999 juncto UURI nomor 20 tahun 2001, versi UURI nomor 30 tahun 2002 juncto UURI nomor 46 tahun 2009.
  4. Harahap, M. Y. (2007). Pembahasan Permasalahan dan Penerapan KUHAP Penyidikan dan Penuntutan. Jakarta: Ghalia.
  5. Lamintang, P. (1997). Dasar-Dasar Hukum Pidana Indonesia. Bandung: PT. Citra Aditya Bakti.
  6. Lengkong, L. Y., Januar, I., & Ginting, J. K. (2024). Penerapan Diversi dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak: Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Negeri Tangerang. Honeste Vivere, 34(2), 220-230. doi:https://doi.org/10.55809/hv.v34i2.346
  7. Marzuki, P. M. (2005). Penelitian hukum.
  8. Moeljatno, S. (2021). KUHP (Kitab undang-undang hukum pidana): Bumi Aksara.
  9. Natamiharja, R., Panjaitan, O. D. A., & Setiawan, I. (2025). Arbitrase Internasional: Evaluasi Efektivitasnya sebagai Mekanisme Penyelesaian Sengketa Alternatif. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 4(2), 83-89. doi:http://doi.org/10.35912/jihham.v4i2.3297
  10. Nuratni, N. K., Agung, A. A. G., & Artawa, I. M. B. (2024). Pengaruh Penyuluhan Cara Menyikat Gigi dengan Metode Ceramah dan Simulasi Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Siswa SD Negeri 4 Babahan Tahun 2024. Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi (Dental Health Journal), 11(2), 100-110. doi:https://doi.org/10.33992/jkg.v11i2.3395
  11. Prabasini, O. S. (2021). Legal Protection for Children in Conflict With the Law: Process and Problems. The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education, 3(3), 381-398.
  12. Prodjodikoro, W. (1989). Asas-asas hukum pidana di Indonesia.
  13. R Wiyono, S. (2022). Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak Di Indonesia: Sinar Grafika.
  14. Ramadhani. D, A. N., Shafira, M., Dewi, E., Jatmiko, G., & Warganegara, D. (2024). Implementasi Perluasan Makna Asas Legalitas Berdasarkan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) Nasional. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 3(2), 65-74. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jihham.v3i2.2529
  15. Said, M. F. (2018). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia. JCH (Jurnal Cendekia Hukum), 4(1), 141-152. doi:http://doi.org/10.33760/jch.v4i1.97
  16. Santoso, T., & Zulfa, E. A. (2001). Kriminologi: Angkasa.
  17. Susilo, E. (2023). Wajah Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak: Pertentangan Antarnorma dan Relevansinya dalam Praktik Peradilan di Indonesia: Penerbit Andi.
  18. Tarasari, N., & Nasywa, Z. (2021). Alternative settlement of dispute between Israel and Palestine. Annals of Justice and Humanity, 1(1), 21-27. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/ajh.v1i1.1382
  19. Yanto, O., Darusman, Y. M., Susanto, S., & Harapan, A. D. (2020). Legal Protection of the Rights of the Child Victims in Indonesian Juvenile Criminal Justice System. Jurnal Yustika: Media Hukum Dan Keadilan, 23(01), 24-35. doi:https://doi.org/10.24123/yustika.v23i01.2818
  20. Zulfa, M. D., Raharjo, E., & Shafira, M. (2022). Policy formulation crime contempt of court based on the national criminal code. Dynamics of Politics and Democracy, 2(1), 37-48. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/dpd.v2i1.1969