Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Business Studies

The effect of financial ratios on stock returns in companies in the banking sector listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for the period 2020-2024

2025-12-15T09:02:40+07:00

Purpose: This study aims to examine the effect of Quick Ratio (QR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Return on Equity (ROE) on stock returns of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2020–2024 period. The research evaluates how liquidity, leverage, and profitability indicators influence investor responses and stock performance in the banking sector.

Methodology/approach: This quantitative study uses secondary data from 29 banking companies meeting purposive sampling criteria, producing 145 observations. Multiple linear regression with the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method was applied after conducting classical assumption tests. The dependent variable is stock return, while QR, DER, and ROE serve as independent variables.

Results/findings: Findings show that the Quick Ratio has no significant partial effect on stock returns. The Debt to Equity Ratio exhibits a negative but marginally insignificant effect. Return on Equity is the only variable with a positive and significant effect on stock returns. Simultaneously, QR, DER, and ROE significantly influence stock returns, with ROE being the dominant predictor. The Adjusted R² value indicates that 18.3% of stock return variation is explained by the model.

Conclusion: Profitability, reflected through ROE, is the primary determinant of banking stock returns, while liquidity and leverage show limited explanatory power. Investors prioritize profitability over liquidity and capital structure in assessing banking performance.

Limitations: This study uses only three financial ratios, excludes macroeconomic and firm-specific control variables, and focuses solely on the banking sector during one period.

Contribution: The research strengthens empirical evidence on profitability’s role in influencing stock returns and provides guidance for investors and banking management regarding financial indicators that shape market valuation.

Analysis of management system and human resource development in improving the profitability of night entertainment businesses at CV. TT Kampung Bule, Batam City

2025-12-15T09:28:35+07:00

Purpose: This study analyzes how management systems and human resource development practices at Foreplay, a nightlife unit under CV. TT Kampung Bule, affect service quality and profitability. It examines managerial planning, supervision, HR training, and career development, and how these elements relate to customer satisfaction and operational efficiency within the business context.

Methodology/approach: A descriptive qualitative approach was used, involving in-depth interviews, direct field observations, and documentation analysis. Participants included the operational manager, Lady Companions (LCs), support staff, and regular customers. Data were processed using thematic analysis supported by source triangulation, member checks, and peer review to ensure validity.

Results/findings: Findings show that Foreplay’s management system is unstructured and reactive, with irregular evaluations and incentives unrelated to productivity. HR development is minimal, lacking training, orientation, and career pathways. These weaknesses create inconsistent service quality, low motivation, high turnover, and reduced customer retention. Service quality becomes a crucial intervening factor affecting profitability through customer sensitivity to LC communication, responsiveness, and professionalism.

Conclusion: Ineffective management and underdeveloped human resources significantly hinder Foreplay’s profitability despite stable gross income. Strengthening management structure, implementing competency-based HRD, and enhancing service quality are essential to improving long-term performance.

Limitations: The study is limited to one nightlife business unit and relies on qualitative perceptions that may not fully capture broader industry patterns.

Contribution: This research offers practical managerial insights for nightlife entertainment businesses by emphasizing the strategic role of HR development and structured management systems in improving profitability.

Implementation of Bali Provincial Regulation No. 5 of 2020 on Balinese Cultural Tourism Standards in Cemagi Village, Badung Regency

2025-12-15T10:00:53+07:00

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the implementation of Bali Provincial Regulation No. 5 of 2020 concerning the Standards for the Implementation of Balinese Cultural Tourism in Cemagi Tourism Village, Badung Regency, and to identify key challenges that hinder its effective execution.

Methodology/approach: The research employs a qualitative case study approach involving in-depth interviews, observations, document analysis, and purposive sampling of stakeholders, including tourism village managers, local guides, educators, and community members. Data were analyzed through condensation, display, and conclusion-drawing techniques to obtain a comprehensive understanding of policy implementation.

Results/findings: The findings indicate that although the regulation has been partially implemented, several critical issues persist. Cultural-based accommodation facilities do not fully comply with the standards mandated by the regulation. Coordination among implementing agencies remains weak, and communication between government and local communities is inconsistent. Additional challenges include land-use conversion, insufficient public facilities such as parking areas, and limited human resource capacity, particularly the lack of trained and registered local tour guides.

Conclusion: The implementation of the regulation in Cemagi Village has not yet met expectations, primarily due to gaps in cultural accommodation management, inadequate coordination, and resource limitations. Strengthening institutional collaboration, enhancing human resource quality, and improving village infrastructure are essential to achieving the regulation’s objectives.

Limitations: This study focuses solely on Cemagi Tourism Village and does not generalize to all tourism villages in Bali. Findings are based on qualitative data and may not capture broader regional variations.

Contribution: The study provides empirical insights into policy implementation challenges in cultural-based tourism villages and offers recommendations to support more sustainable and culturally aligned tourism governance in Bali.

The social characteristics and scientific-methodological foundations of the concept of corruption

2025-12-15T14:56:06+07:00

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the social characteristics of corruption and explore the philosophical foundations for its prevention. By emphasizing the moral and social dimensions, the research seeks to understand how corruption disrupts social structures, weakens trust, and undermines justice, while identifying philosophical strategies that can guide preventive measures.

Research Methodology: The study employs a qualitative philosophical approach, using descriptive and analytical methods to examine corruption as a moral and social phenomenon. It integrates conceptual analysis, normative reasoning, and interpretive evaluation of ethical and social theories related to corruption and public morality.

Results: Findings reveal that corruption is not only a legal or economic issue but also a deeply rooted social pathology arising from distorted values and weak moral consciousness. The philosophical analysis identifies ethical education, social responsibility, and civic virtue as essential instruments in combating corruption’s normalization in society.

Conclusions: The research concludes that effective anti-corruption efforts must be grounded in moral reconstruction and collective ethical awareness. Philosophical inquiry provides a critical framework for redefining public virtue and re-establishing integrity as a social norm.

Limitations: This study is theoretical and lacks empirical validation, requiring further sociological and policy-based research to operationalize its philosophical insights.

Contribution: The paper contributes to the interdisciplinary discourse on corruption by linking social philosophy with practical governance strategies for moral and institutional reform.

Digital marketing in higher education: Role and prospects

2025-12-15T15:03:21+07:00

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the role, significance, and future prospects of digital marketing in higher education institutions, with a particular focus on student behavior, emerging digital technologies, and the national context of Uzbekistan.

Research Methodology: This research employs inductive and deductive approaches using secondary data from international reports (Statista, DataReportal, OECD), national statistics from Uzbekistan, and comparative analysis of higher education digital marketing practices. The methods include comparative analysis, statistical analysis, trend analysis, and case studies of selected universities.

Results: The findings reveal that 70% of higher education institutions increased their digital marketing budgets in 2024. Video content influences 84% of students’ university choices, while 75% of prospective students rely on social media for information. In Uzbekistan, internet penetration reached 83.3%, and higher education coverage increased to 43%, indicating strong potential for digital marketing expansion. However, many universities still depend on traditional marketing methods and lack structured SEO and CRM strategies.

Conclusions: Digital marketing has become a strategic instrument for enhancing student recruitment, institutional competitiveness, and global visibility. Artificial intelligence, video marketing, personalized communication, and virtual campus tours will dominate future digital marketing practices in higher education.

Limitations: This study relies on secondary data and descriptive analysis without primary survey or experimental validation, limiting causal statistical inference.

Contribution: This study contributes to the limited literature on digital marketing in higher education in Uzbekistan and provides practical strategic insights for universities and policymakers in developing digital-based recruitment systems.

Gross split production sharing contracts in the oil and gas business creating imbalance and in justice

2025-12-29T13:50:58+07:00

Purpose: This study examines the implementation of Gross Split Production Sharing Contracts (PSCs) in Indonesia’s upstream oil and gas sector, with particular attention to whether the allocation of rights, obligations, and risks reflects the principles of balance and fairness in contract law.

Research/methodology: The research adopts a normative juridical approach using qualitative analysis. Secondary legal materials are analyzed, including oil and gas legislation, government and ministerial regulations, and the contractual provisions of Gross Split PSCs. The analysis focuses on contractors’ obligations related to signature bonuses, firm commitments, and operating costs.

Results: The findings indicate that Gross Split PSCs place excessive financial, operational, and technological burdens on contractors, while the government bears minimal risk. Contractors are fully responsible for signature bonuses, firm commitments, and operating costs without cost recovery mechanisms. This contractual structure creates an imbalance of rights and obligations and contributes to contractors’ difficulties in fulfilling firm commitments and achieving agreed production targets.

Conclusions: Gross Split PSCs, as currently regulated, do not adequately uphold the principles of balance and fairness. The unequal distribution of risks and obligations undermines contractual justice and the sustainability of upstream oil and gas operations.

Limitations: This study is limited to normative legal analysis and does not include empirical field data.

Contribution: This research provides theoretical insight into the application of balance and fairness principles in energy contracts and offers practical considerations for improving the Gross Split PSC framework.