Purpose: The Identity Card (KTP) is a personal identification document mandatory for all Indonesian citizens. The Indonesian government, through Law No. 24 of 2013 on Population Administration and its implementing regulation, Permendagri No. 73 of 2022, regulates the detailed recording of identity in population documents to ensure official registration and protection of every citizen's identity. However, the issue of data leakage has become increasingly urgent in today's digital era. The case of the leak of 102 million KTP data from the Ministry of Social Affairs (Kemensos) raises significant concerns regarding the privacy and security of individual data. This data leak, allegedly spread on a hacker forum, highlights the vulnerabilities of the government's information technology infrastructure. Method: This research employs a document analysis method, collecting information from primary and secondary sources, including news reports, laws, and regulations related to data security, as well as case studies on cybercrime. An interdisciplinary approach is used, combining literature from law, information technology, and cybersecurity to gain a comprehensive understanding of the legal challenges in the E-KTP data leak case. Results: The findings emphasize the importance of strengthening regulations, raising public awareness, and enforcing strict legal measures to protect personal data. This research aims to provide insights into improving personal data protection and information security in Indonesia, offering recommendations for enhancing the protection of citizens' data in the future.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the impact of environmental management on the growth of the bottled drinking water industry (AMDK) in Indonesia, focusing on the consequences of single-use gallon sales. The bottled water industry in Indonesia has grown significantly due to the high demand for safe and practical drinking water, especially in areas with limited access to clean piped water. However, the use of plastic gallons, whether refillable or disposable, poses serious environmental and health concerns. Method: This research uses a qualitative method with normative juridical, sociological juridical, and analytical juridical approaches. Secondary data were obtained from various literature, while primary data were collected through interviews with communities around Bantargebang landfill, Bekasi. Results: The findings indicate that refillable plastic gallons have a higher risk of releasing microplastics into drinking water due to repeated use, while disposable gallons contribute significantly to plastic waste accumulation, often not being recycled properly. The study also reveals that strict regulations and public education on recycling, as practiced in countries like Japan and Germany, are essential for effective plastic waste management. Implementation: The implementation of BPOM's safety standards, including limits on Bisphenol-A (BPA) migration, is crucial to mitigating health risks. To balance industry growth and environmental sustainability, recommendations include improving environmental management practices, promoting consumer awareness, and enhancing recycling initiatives. The study provides a comprehensive view of the environmental and health impacts of using plastic gallons in the AMDK industry and suggests policy and practical measures to address these challenges.