Reproductive traits of rabbits fed Ipomea asarifolia Leaf Meal (IALM) levels in Semi-Arid Zone of Nigeria

https://doi.org/10.35912/jasq.v1i1.770
Published: Feb 25, 2022

Abstract:

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the reproductive traits of rabbit fed varying levels of Ipomea asarifolia leaf meal in the semi-arid zone of Nigeria.

Research methodology: Fourty (40) nulliparous composite grower rabbits of 10 - 12 weeks with an average body weight of 1,320 g + 20 g were used for the study. The rabbits were allocated to five dietary treatments. The research used a Completely Randomized Design in allocating the experimental animals with eight rabbits in each treatment.

Results: The results obtained in this study indicated that inclusion Ipomoea asarifolia leaf meal at 10% in rabbits' diet had a negative effect as it increased the gestation length. Rabbits fed a 7.5% IALM based diet yielded the best results on litter size (LS) and conception rate (CR). The post-partum performance revealed that kittens on treatment three (5% IALM) performed better in weight at day 7 (61.47 g) and day 21 (235.33 g), respectively. Whereas kittens in treatment five (10% IALM) were reported with the highest daily weight gain (10.09 g) and pre-weaning mortality (38.84%). Does fed 10% IALM based diet performed better (720.10 g) in milk yield. The results of the morphometric traits were mostly not affected by an increased level of MGLM except for tail length (TL), length of the front leg (LFL), and shoulder to tail drop (STT) that have the highest value in rabbits fed 5% MGLM based diet, and nose to shoulder (NTS) and length of the back leg (LBL) that had highest figures in rabbits fed 10% MGLM.

Limitations: This research only focused on the effect of the test material on reproductive traits and body Morphometry, yet there might be an effect on blood parameters and serum hormones concentration.

Contribution: This research will help the farmers involved in Animal production.

Keywords:
1. Ipomea asarifolia
2. Rabbits
3. Reproductive
4. Traits
Authors:
1 . Munnir Mukhtar Getso
Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
2 . Alhassan Musa Hassan
Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
3 . Muazu Shuaibu Tamburawa
Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
4 . Mudassir Nasir
Department of Animal Science, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
View PDF
How to Cite
Getso, M. M., Hassan, A. M., Tamburawa, M. S., & Nasir, M. (2022). Reproductive traits of rabbits fed Ipomea asarifolia Leaf Meal (IALM) levels in Semi-Arid Zone of Nigeria. Annals of Animal Studies, 1(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.35912/jasq.v1i1.770
Download Citation
  1. Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
  2. BibTeX

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Issue & Section
Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): February
Articles
References

    Adu, O. A., Ladipo, M. K., Adebiyi, O. A., Akinfemi, A.,and Igbasan, F. A. (2009). Performance and blood characteristics of pre-pubertal rabbits fed varied levels of dietary rare earth element (REE). World Appl. Sci. J., vol. 6(11): 1489 - 1494.

    Akinmuyisitan, I. W., Gbore, F. A., and Adu, O. A. (2015). Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Fed Diets Supplemented with Cerium Oxide. J. Med. and Bioeng., 4(3): 239 - 243.

    Alabi, J. F. (2005). Effects of energy supplementation on growth and reproductive function of Bunaji and Friesian X Bunaji bulls. PhD thesis, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. In; Jibril, A., Ateh, I. U., Rekwot, P. I., Osuhoro, C. U, 2013. Live weight changes, gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves of Yankasa rams fed different levels of dried layer litter in their diets. ScienceJournal of Animal Science, 2: 59 - 65.

    Arijeniwa, A., Otaikhian S. O., and Imaseun, J. A. (2000). Performance of weaner rabbit fed poultry grower marsh supplemented with different grass legume rations. Proceedings of 5th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN), 103 - 105.

    Baruwa, O. I. (2014). Profitability and constraints to rabbit production under tropical conditions in Nigeria. J. Livestock Sci., 5, 83 - 88.

    Belhadi, S. (2004). Characterization of local rabbit performances in Algeria: Environmental variation of litter size and weights. In: Proceedings of 8th World Rabbit Congress, 7 - 10 Sept., Puebla, Mexico. 218 - 223.

    Castellini, C., Dal Bosco, A., Arias- Alvarez, M., Lorenzo, P. L., Cardinali, R. and Rebollar, P. G. (2010). The main factors affecting the reproductive performance of rabbit does: A review. Anim. Rep. Sci., 122, 174 –- 182.

    Chrystosome, C. A., Gbangboche, A. B. and Houangni, M. S. M. (2011). Evaluation of reproduction performance of Hyla rabbits in hot and humid region in Benin. Research Opinion in Animal and Veterinary Science, 1(10): 669 - 672.

    Ekenyem, B. U. and Madubuike, F. N. (2006). An Assessment of Ipomoeaasarifolia Leaf Meal as Feed Ingredient in Broiler Chick Production. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 5(1): 46 - 50.

    Esonu, B. O., Emenalom, O. O., Udedibie, A. B. I., Herbert, U., Ekpor, C. F., Okoli, I. C., and Iheukwumere, F. C. (2001). Performance and blood chemistry of weaner pigs feed raw mucuna bean (velvet bean) meal. Tropical Animal Production Intervention, 4: 49 - 54.

    Farghly, M. F. A., Abdelnabi, M. A., and Hamdon, H. (2016). Effect of Intermittent Light Flashes on Reproductive Performance of New Zealand White Rabbits. 3rd International Conference on Biotechnology Applications in Agriculture (ICBAA), Benha University, Moshtohor and Sharm El-Sheikh, 5-9 April 2016 , Egypt.

    Fortun - Lamothe, L., and Sabater, F. (2003). Estimation de la production laitiere a partir de la croissance des lapereaux. Journal of Rech. Cunicole, Paris, ITAVIED., 69 - 70.

    Hasanat, M. S., Hossain, M. E., Mostari, M. P.,and Hossain, M. A. (2006). Effect of concentrate supplementation on growth and reproductive performance of rabbit under rural condition. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 4(2): 129 - 132.

    Holm, L. W. (1967). Prolonged pregnancy, Adv. Vet. Sci., 11, 159 - 205.

    Jegede, I. A., Nwinyi, F. C., Ibrahim, J., Ugbabe, G., Dzarma, F., and Kunle, O. F. (2009). Investigation of phytochemical, anti inflammatory and anti nociceptive properties of Ipomoea asarifolia leaves. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 3(3): 160 - 165.

    Kheradmand, A., Babaei, H. R., and Batavani, A. (2006). Effect of improved diet on semen quality and scrotal circumference in the ram. VeterinarskiArhiv, 76: 333-341. In; Jibril, A., Ateb, I. U., Rekwotc, P. I., Osuhoro, C. U.(2013). Live weight changes, gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves of Yankasa Rams fed different levels of dried layer litter in their diets. Science Journal of Animal Science, 2: 59 - 65.

    Madubuike, F. N. (1988). Bridging the animal protein gap for rural development in Nigeria: considerations for the goat. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 3: 12 - 30.

    Madubuike, F. N. (1992). Bridging the animal protein gap for development in Nigeria. The potential of pigs. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 5: 5 - 12.

    Madubuike, F. N. and Ekenyem, B. U. (2001). Non-ruminant Livestock Production in the Tropics. Gust-Chuks Graphic Centre, Owerri, Nigeria, Pp: 196 - 201.

    Mahmoud, E. A. A. (2013). Study on some factors affecting Doe, Buck, and Litter performance in white Zealand rabbits under Egyptian condition. Benha Veterinary Journal, 25(2): 1 - 12.

    Moce, M. L., and Santacreu, M. A. (2010). Genetic improvement of litter size in rabbit. In proceedings of 9th world Congress on Genetic Applied to Livestock Production. 1 - 6 August, Leipzig, Germany, 25.

    Mostari, M. P., Hasanat, M. S., Reza, A., and Khan, M. J. (2006). Effect of concentrate supplementation on reproductive performance of rabbit does and litter performance during pre- weaning period under rural conditions. Journal of Bangladesh Agricultural University, 4(1): 97 - 101.

    Nasir, M., Ali, A. J., Khalifa, M. A., Adamu, A., Umar, U. A., Bukar, I. A., Bislave, M. B., Habiba, M. I., and Hassan, T. (2018). Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Rabbit Fed Graded Levels of Morning Glory Leafs. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: Agriculture and Veterinary, 18(7): 15 - 19.

    National Research Council. (1998). Nutrient requirements of rabbits in Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals, 9th ed, Washington DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1998.

    Nofal, R., Saleh, K., Younis, H., and AbouKhadiga, G. (2005). Evaluation of Spanish synthetic line V, Baladi Black rabbits and their crosses under Egyptian conditions. 1. Litter size. In: Proceedings of 4th International Conference of Rabbit Production in Hot Climates, 24 - 27 Feb., Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, 23 - 29.

    Odeyinka, S. M., Oyedele, O. J., Adeleke, T. O., Odedire, J. A. (2008). Reproductive performance of rabbits fed Moringa oleifera as a replacement for Centrosema pubescens. 9th World Rabbit Congress – June 10-13, 2008 – Verona – Italy.

    Ogbonna, O. I. (2015). Role of Households in Rabbit Production in Enugu-North Agricultural Zone of Enugu State. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 19(1): 49 - 56.

    Olofin, T. A, Nabegu A. B. and Danbazau N, A. (2008). Wudil kano region geographical synthesis 1st edition Adamu joji poblishers, department of geography, KUST wudil. Pp. 32.

    Raji, A. Y., and Njidda, A. A. (2014). Gonadal and extra - gonadal sperm reserve of Red Sokoto goats fed Moringa oleifera supplemented diets. International Journal of AgriculturalBioscience, 3(2): 61 - 64.

    Rao, D. R., Sunki, G. R., Johnson, W. M., and Chen, C. P. (1977). Postnatal growth of Newzealand white rabbit. J. Anim. Sci., 44: 1021 - 1026.

    Rekwot, P. I., Oyedipe, E. O., Akerejola, O. O., Kumi-Diaka, J., and Umoh, J. E. (1987). The effect of protein intake on the onset of puberty in Bunaji and Friesian × Bunaji crossbred bulls in Nigeria. Theriogenology, 28: 427- 434. In;Jibril, A., Ateh, I. U., Rekwotc, P. I., Osuhoro,C. U. (2013). Live weight changes, gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves of Yankasa Rams fed different levels of dried layer litter in their diets. Scientific Journal of Animal Science, 2: 59 - 65.

    Salako, A. E., Ngere, L. O. (2002). Application of multifactorial discriminant analysis in the morphometric structural differentiation of West African Dwarf (WAD) and Yankasa Sheep in south west Nigeria. Nigerian Journal for Animal Production, 29(2): 163 - 167.

    SAS. (2003). The Statistical Analysis System for windows. SAS software, version 9.0. Cary, NC, USA.

    Sharp, P., Retnam, L., Heo, S. and Peneyra, J. (2007). The Laboratory Rabbit LAC – RCULA wet lab handout. Pp 3 - 15.

    Tegbe, T. S., Attah, B., and Jegede, J. O. (1984). Utilization of agro industrial by-products in diets of pigs. 9th Annual conference, Nigeria Society of Animal Production, 21- 27.

    Tuma, J., Tumova, E., and Valasek, V. (2010). The effect of Season and parity order on fertility of rabbit Does and Kit Growth. Ezechiel Journal of Animal Science, 55(8): 330 -336.

    Xu, Z., Wang, M., and Chen, L. (1999). Growth response of pigs fed supplemental lanthanum and approach of mechanism. Journal of Chinese Rare Earth Society, 17, 53 - 59.

  1. Adu, O. A., Ladipo, M. K., Adebiyi, O. A., Akinfemi, A.,and Igbasan, F. A. (2009). Performance and blood characteristics of pre-pubertal rabbits fed varied levels of dietary rare earth element (REE). World Appl. Sci. J., vol. 6(11): 1489 - 1494.
  2. Akinmuyisitan, I. W., Gbore, F. A., and Adu, O. A. (2015). Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Fed Diets Supplemented with Cerium Oxide. J. Med. and Bioeng., 4(3): 239 - 243.
  3. Alabi, J. F. (2005). Effects of energy supplementation on growth and reproductive function of Bunaji and Friesian X Bunaji bulls. PhD thesis, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. In; Jibril, A., Ateh, I. U., Rekwot, P. I., Osuhoro, C. U, 2013. Live weight changes, gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves of Yankasa rams fed different levels of dried layer litter in their diets. ScienceJournal of Animal Science, 2: 59 - 65.
  4. Arijeniwa, A., Otaikhian S. O., and Imaseun, J. A. (2000). Performance of weaner rabbit fed poultry grower marsh supplemented with different grass legume rations. Proceedings of 5th Annual Conference of Animal Science Association of Nigeria (ASAN), 103 - 105.
  5. Baruwa, O. I. (2014). Profitability and constraints to rabbit production under tropical conditions in Nigeria. J. Livestock Sci., 5, 83 - 88.
  6. Belhadi, S. (2004). Characterization of local rabbit performances in Algeria: Environmental variation of litter size and weights. In: Proceedings of 8th World Rabbit Congress, 7 - 10 Sept., Puebla, Mexico. 218 - 223.
  7. Castellini, C., Dal Bosco, A., Arias- Alvarez, M., Lorenzo, P. L., Cardinali, R. and Rebollar, P. G. (2010). The main factors affecting the reproductive performance of rabbit does: A review. Anim. Rep. Sci., 122, 174 –- 182.
  8. Chrystosome, C. A., Gbangboche, A. B. and Houangni, M. S. M. (2011). Evaluation of reproduction performance of Hyla rabbits in hot and humid region in Benin. Research Opinion in Animal and Veterinary Science, 1(10): 669 - 672.
  9. Ekenyem, B. U. and Madubuike, F. N. (2006). An Assessment of Ipomoeaasarifolia Leaf Meal as Feed Ingredient in Broiler Chick Production. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 5(1): 46 - 50.
  10. Esonu, B. O., Emenalom, O. O., Udedibie, A. B. I., Herbert, U., Ekpor, C. F., Okoli, I. C., and Iheukwumere, F. C. (2001). Performance and blood chemistry of weaner pigs feed raw mucuna bean (velvet bean) meal. Tropical Animal Production Intervention, 4: 49 - 54.
  11. Farghly, M. F. A., Abdelnabi, M. A., and Hamdon, H. (2016). Effect of Intermittent Light Flashes on Reproductive Performance of New Zealand White Rabbits. 3rd International Conference on Biotechnology Applications in Agriculture (ICBAA), Benha University, Moshtohor and Sharm El-Sheikh, 5-9 April 2016 , Egypt.
  12. Fortun - Lamothe, L., and Sabater, F. (2003). Estimation de la production laitiere a partir de la croissance des lapereaux. Journal of Rech. Cunicole, Paris, ITAVIED., 69 - 70.
  13. Hasanat, M. S., Hossain, M. E., Mostari, M. P.,and Hossain, M. A. (2006). Effect of concentrate supplementation on growth and reproductive performance of rabbit under rural condition. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 4(2): 129 - 132.
  14. Holm, L. W. (1967). Prolonged pregnancy, Adv. Vet. Sci., 11, 159 - 205.
  15. Jegede, I. A., Nwinyi, F. C., Ibrahim, J., Ugbabe, G., Dzarma, F., and Kunle, O. F. (2009). Investigation of phytochemical, anti inflammatory and anti nociceptive properties of Ipomoea asarifolia leaves. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 3(3): 160 - 165.
  16. Kheradmand, A., Babaei, H. R., and Batavani, A. (2006). Effect of improved diet on semen quality and scrotal circumference in the ram. VeterinarskiArhiv, 76: 333-341. In; Jibril, A., Ateb, I. U., Rekwotc, P. I., Osuhoro, C. U.(2013). Live weight changes, gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves of Yankasa Rams fed different levels of dried layer litter in their diets. Science Journal of Animal Science, 2: 59 - 65.
  17. Madubuike, F. N. (1988). Bridging the animal protein gap for rural development in Nigeria: considerations for the goat. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 3: 12 - 30.
  18. Madubuike, F. N. (1992). Bridging the animal protein gap for development in Nigeria. The potential of pigs. Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, 5: 5 - 12.
  19. Madubuike, F. N. and Ekenyem, B. U. (2001). Non-ruminant Livestock Production in the Tropics. Gust-Chuks Graphic Centre, Owerri, Nigeria, Pp: 196 - 201.
  20. Mahmoud, E. A. A. (2013). Study on some factors affecting Doe, Buck, and Litter performance in white Zealand rabbits under Egyptian condition. Benha Veterinary Journal, 25(2): 1 - 12.
  21. Moce, M. L., and Santacreu, M. A. (2010). Genetic improvement of litter size in rabbit. In proceedings of 9th world Congress on Genetic Applied to Livestock Production. 1 - 6 August, Leipzig, Germany, 25.
  22. Mostari, M. P., Hasanat, M. S., Reza, A., and Khan, M. J. (2006). Effect of concentrate supplementation on reproductive performance of rabbit does and litter performance during pre- weaning period under rural conditions. Journal of Bangladesh Agricultural University, 4(1): 97 - 101.
  23. Nasir, M., Ali, A. J., Khalifa, M. A., Adamu, A., Umar, U. A., Bukar, I. A., Bislave, M. B., Habiba, M. I., and Hassan, T. (2018). Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Rabbit Fed Graded Levels of Morning Glory Leafs. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: Agriculture and Veterinary, 18(7): 15 - 19.
  24. National Research Council. (1998). Nutrient requirements of rabbits in Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals, 9th ed, Washington DC, National Academy of Sciences, 1998.
  25. Nofal, R., Saleh, K., Younis, H., and AbouKhadiga, G. (2005). Evaluation of Spanish synthetic line V, Baladi Black rabbits and their crosses under Egyptian conditions. 1. Litter size. In: Proceedings of 4th International Conference of Rabbit Production in Hot Climates, 24 - 27 Feb., Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, 23 - 29.
  26. Odeyinka, S. M., Oyedele, O. J., Adeleke, T. O., Odedire, J. A. (2008). Reproductive performance of rabbits fed Moringa oleifera as a replacement for Centrosema pubescens. 9th World Rabbit Congress – June 10-13, 2008 – Verona – Italy.
  27. Ogbonna, O. I. (2015). Role of Households in Rabbit Production in Enugu-North Agricultural Zone of Enugu State. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 19(1): 49 - 56.
  28. Olofin, T. A, Nabegu A. B. and Danbazau N, A. (2008). Wudil kano region geographical synthesis 1st edition Adamu joji poblishers, department of geography, KUST wudil. Pp. 32.
  29. Raji, A. Y., and Njidda, A. A. (2014). Gonadal and extra - gonadal sperm reserve of Red Sokoto goats fed Moringa oleifera supplemented diets. International Journal of AgriculturalBioscience, 3(2): 61 - 64.
  30. Rao, D. R., Sunki, G. R., Johnson, W. M., and Chen, C. P. (1977). Postnatal growth of Newzealand white rabbit. J. Anim. Sci., 44: 1021 - 1026.
  31. Rekwot, P. I., Oyedipe, E. O., Akerejola, O. O., Kumi-Diaka, J., and Umoh, J. E. (1987). The effect of protein intake on the onset of puberty in Bunaji and Friesian × Bunaji crossbred bulls in Nigeria. Theriogenology, 28: 427- 434. In;Jibril, A., Ateh, I. U., Rekwotc, P. I., Osuhoro,C. U. (2013). Live weight changes, gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves of Yankasa Rams fed different levels of dried layer litter in their diets. Scientific Journal of Animal Science, 2: 59 - 65.
  32. Salako, A. E., Ngere, L. O. (2002). Application of multifactorial discriminant analysis in the morphometric structural differentiation of West African Dwarf (WAD) and Yankasa Sheep in south west Nigeria. Nigerian Journal for Animal Production, 29(2): 163 - 167.
  33. SAS. (2003). The Statistical Analysis System for windows. SAS software, version 9.0. Cary, NC, USA.
  34. Sharp, P., Retnam, L., Heo, S. and Peneyra, J. (2007). The Laboratory Rabbit LAC – RCULA wet lab handout. Pp 3 - 15.
  35. Tegbe, T. S., Attah, B., and Jegede, J. O. (1984). Utilization of agro industrial by-products in diets of pigs. 9th Annual conference, Nigeria Society of Animal Production, 21- 27.
  36. Tuma, J., Tumova, E., and Valasek, V. (2010). The effect of Season and parity order on fertility of rabbit Does and Kit Growth. Ezechiel Journal of Animal Science, 55(8): 330 -336.
  37. Xu, Z., Wang, M., and Chen, L. (1999). Growth response of pigs fed supplemental lanthanum and approach of mechanism. Journal of Chinese Rare Earth Society, 17, 53 - 59.