Annals of Management and Organization Research

A correlational study on organizational culture and leadership style

Jemar B. Abenoja, Dhamian John C. Blase, Ronald E. Almagro — Thu, 15 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the relationship between organizational culture and leadership styles among Local Government Unit (LGU) departments in the municipality of Santo Tomas, Davao del Norte.

Research Methodology: Prior to data collection, the respondents were presented with a letter requesting their cooperation in completing the questionnaires. The researchers personally introduced themselves, explained the study objectives, and distributed questionnaires. After providing sufficient time for respondents to complete the questionnaires, they were collected.

Results: Results revealed that the independent variable, Organizational Culture, had a mean score of 4.45, which was interpreted as "very high," while the dependent variable, Leadership Style, had a mean score of 4.51, also categorized as "very high." Furthermore, the overall correlation coefficient (r-value) was 0.573, with a p-value of 0.001, leading to rejection of the null hypothesis. This indicates a significant and positive relationship between Organizational Culture and Leadership Style in the LGU departments of Santo Tomas, Davao del Norte. The findings suggest that a stronger organizational culture positively influences leadership style, with higher levels of culture leading to enhanced leadership behaviors.

Conclusions: Overall, the findings show that organizational culture and leadership style are both rated extremely high, with a significant and strong positive relationship between them, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis.

Limitations: This study is limited by its focus on a single municipality and the use of universal sampling, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings to other contexts or organizations.

Contribution: This study offers valuable insights into local government units and organizational development, highlighting the importance of fostering a strong organizational culture to enhance leadership practices and organizational success.

Generation Z's understanding of development sustainability in Indonesia through the perspective of intellectual intelligence

Ufi Rumefi — Tue, 20 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the contribution of Generation Z to sustainable development in Indonesia, which is based on intellectual intelligence.

Research Methodology: The method used in this study was a descriptive quantitative method that distributes questionnaires. The target of the questionnaire was Generation Z in the Pasuruan district area, which was carried out using random sampling so that as many as 214 respondents were obtained. This study also used the WarpPLS version 22.

Results: The results of this study show that Generation Z, who are intelligent and environmentally conscious, can be the main driver in achieving sustainable development goals in Indonesia. The existence of those who are active and concerned about environmental issues helps create a society that is more aware of the importance of protecting and preserving the environment for future generations.

Conclusions: It can be concluded that with a deep understanding of environmental ethics, Generation Z can influence various aspects of life, including education, business, and public policy.

Limitations: This research is limited to the 2023 research year is limited to the independent variable Environmental Ethic, the dependent variable Sustainable Development and to the mediating variable Intellectual Intelligence, the respondent is Gen Z in the Pasuruan regency area..

Contribution: This study examines the role of Gen Z in realizing sustainable development from the perspective of intellectual intelligence. The study also identified the phenomenon of generation z unemployment in the last two years, which can slow down the sustainability of development in Indonesia by weakening purchasing power, so that the economic growth rate will decline.

Novelty: This study uses environmental ethics as a variable. This study explored the variables of sustainable development, intellectual intelligence, and environmental ethics in generation z. The use of this environmental ethics variable can provide new information about individual awareness and the role of generation z in sustainable development.

Halal cosmetics' willingness to pay for the muslim millenial generation: Lessons from Bogor Regency, Indonesia

Arlita Ramdhani, Tita Nursyamsiyah, Mohammad Iqbal Irfany, Daffa Aqomal Haq — Wed, 21 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: This study investigates the willingness to pay (WTP) of the Muslim millennial generation in Bogor Regency, Indonesia, for halal-certified cosmetics and analyzes the factors influencing this decision.

Research Methodology: Using primary data from 100 millennial respondents collected through questionnaires, this study applied the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to determine WTP values. Structural equation model-partial least squares (SEM-PLS) was employed to analyze the relationship between WTP and influencing factors, including the perception of halal labels, brand image, attitude, and customer perceived value.

Results: The findings indicated that millennials’ average WTP for halal-certified cosmetics was IDR 25,700. The perception of halal labels and customer-perceived value positively impact WTP, whereas brand image and attitude are not significant determinants.

Conclusions: Based on these results, it can be concluded that the WTP value of the millennial generation in Bogor Regency for halal cosmetics is 25,700 per product.

Limitations: This study focuses on a single region within Bogor, which limits its generalizability. Further studies should explore other regions and demographics in order to obtain broader insights.

Contribution: This study contributes to the understanding of consumer behavior regarding halal products, highlighting the importance of halal certification and perceived value. The findings could support manufacturers in improving marketing strategies and encourage policymakers to facilitate accessibility to halal certification and enhance the demand for halal products.

Investigation into alternative financing models for SMEs in Zimbabwe, Mashonaland Central Province

Sherpherd Chaparadza, Simbarashe Mhazo, Nhamo Hove — Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: This research focused on investigating alternative financing instruments for SMEs in the province. This is in view of the fact debt financing has failed to support anticipated growth in the sector as a result of the associated costs.

Research Methodology: A case study research design was used for the Mashonaland Central Province. The province's eight (Aziz & Abbas) districts—Bindura, Guruve, Mazowe, Mbire, Mt. Darwin, Muzarabani (Centenary), Rushinga, and Shamva—make up the research population for this study. Since financing is at the core of their viability issues, the study sample, which consists of the province's SMEs, was selected to learn more about how they operate and how they can finance their operations in a sustainable way. 2021 secondary data gathered from these districts were used in the study. This is a secondary study in which Excel-based methods were used to analyze data from the target population.

Results: Data analysis shows that unemployed people are absorbed in three sectors: SMEs, vendors, and cooperatives. Overall, SMEs account for 30%, Vending 61%, and Cooperatives 9% of employment. It can also be noted that approximately 80% of SMEs in the province are generally engaged in transport, retail trading, flea markets, and home industries.

Conclusions: Adopting asset-based lending and factoring models offers a viable alternative to traditional debt financing for SMEs in Mashonaland Province, supporting sustainable and inclusive economic growth while addressing the sector's need for stable working capital.

Limitations: The study is limited to Mashonaland Central province; hence, the results may not be applicable in locations with different environments.

Contribution: The study concludes that the SMEs sector in the province is a low-risk and low-return enterprise run on a subsistence basis aimed at maintaining an adequate working capital base. Based on these observations, the study recommends that an asset-based lending model or a factoring model be adopted. These financing models are sound enough to support sustainable and inclusive economic growth based on circular economic principles. This is a clear break from the debt financing model, which has presented a number of challenges over the years. To this end, there is a need for the government and other stakeholders to develop educational campaigns that ensure that SMEs appreciate the operations and importance of these new concepts in business financing so that there is inclusive adoption.

Digital banking's effect on the banking industry & system transformation

Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: This study examines how digital banking has affected Bangladesh's banking industry by emphasizing its ramifications, difficulties, and revolutionary influences.

Research Methodology: With 200 participants and secondary sources, this study employs a mixed-methods approach and concludes that digital banking improves financial inclusion, convenience, and security. However, obstacles to complete adoption include societal problems, legislative restrictions, and inadequate infrastructure. While inequalities in digital literacy and geographic access continue to be major concerns, security, accessibility, and time efficiency are also important contributing variables.

Results: Although the results highlight the potential of digital banking to modernize the banking sector and promote economic growth, their wider application is limited by factors, including their geographical concentration and dependence on self-reported data.

Conclusions: Bangladesh has enormous potential for equitable growth and financial innovation compared with digital banking. Nevertheless, for widespread adoption, infrastructure deficiencies, digital illiteracy, and security issues must be addressed.

Limitations: This study's limitations include its dependence on self-reported data, regional focus, and inadequate technology infrastructure that affects the uptake of digital banking.

Contribution: This study advances our knowledge of how digital banking is changing conventional banking institutions and provides practical advice to industry executives and legislators on how to remove obstacles and create a more robust and inclusive financial system.

Novelty: This study emphasizes financial inclusion, technological obstacles, and specific recommendations for sustainable growth and innovation, highlighting the revolutionary influence of digital banking on Bangladesh's banking industry.

Energy consumption, prices and economic growth in Nigeria: Autoregressive distributed lag model analysis

John Sylvester Afaha, Samsindeen Ayodele Agbede — Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: This study aimed to test the relationship between energy consumption, energy prices, and economic growth in Nigeria by examining the coefficients of various variables in a regression analysis.

Research Methodology: This study uses regression analysis to assess the relationship between energy-related variables and economic growth in Nigeria, focusing on factors such as gas consumption, crude oil prices, fuel prices, and coal consumption.

Results: The results indicate that certain energy-related variables, such as gas consumption, crude oil prices, and coal consumption, have significant impacts on economic growth in Nigeria. The coefficients of these variables show both positive and negative relationships with GDP growth rates.

Conclusions: Energy consumption is a key driver of Nigeria’s economic growth, with short-run demand driven by GDP and long-run growth sustained by increased energy use, highlighting the critical need for stable energy policies and infrastructure development.

Limitations: One limitation of this study is the potential for omitted variable bias or unobserved factors that could influence the results.

Contribution: This study contributes to the understanding of how energy consumption and fuel prices affect economic growth in Nigeria, providing insights for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders in the energy sector.

Novelty: The novelty of this study lies in its detailed analysis of the specific effects of energy-related variables on economic growth in Nigeria, highlighting the importance of energy policies and consumption patterns in driving economic performance. This study also contributes to the literature on how energy costs affect Nigeria's energy use and economic growth.

Strengthening firm sustenance through entrepreneurial innovation: Evidence from the Nigerian industrial goods sector

Gilbert Ogechukwu Nworie, Christopher Chinedu Onochie, Nkiru Peace Nwakoby — Fri, 23 May 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: The dearth of innovation not only limits operational efficiency, but also exposes firms to heightened risks of obsolescence and market displacement. Thus, this study ascertains the effect of entrepreneurial innovation on the sustainability of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria.

Research Methodology: A sample size of eight out of 13 listed industrial goods firms was selected. Using the ex-post facto research strategy, secondary data were extracted from firms’ annual reports over a ten-year period (2014-2023). Analyses were performed using descriptive test, linearity test, heteroskedasticity test, autocorrelation test, and ordinary least square regression.

Results: It was found that entrepreneurial innovation practice significantly enhances firm sustenance (proxy by operating cash flow ratio) among listed Nigerian industrial goods firms (b = 0.352574; p-value = 0.004759).

Conclusions: By fostering a culture of innovation, investing in research and development, and leveraging modern technologies, firms can position themselves for long-term success despite prevailing economic challenges.

Limitations: One limitation of this study is the small sample size, as only eight of the 13 listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria were included.

Contribution: This study contributes to the literature by addressing the gap in the existing literature on entrepreneurial innovation in industrial goods firms, particularly publicly listed firms in Nigeria, an area largely overlooked in prior research on SMEs and niche industries.

Recommendation: This study recommends that company executives establish dedicated innovation departments or strengthen existing ones to drive continuous improvement in the firm.

The influence of physical work environment on employee performance of Dana Usaha Cooperative in Denpasar

I Made Luhur Adi Putra, Komang Angga Prihastini, Ni Made Giana Agastya Putri — Wed, 18 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0700

Purpose: The increasingly tight competition among cooperative business employees continues to improve their performance. Employee performance can be improved, one of which is by ensuring a comfortable physical work environment. This study was conducted to determine the influence of the physical work environment and the most dominant variables influencing the performance of employees of the Dana Usaha Cooperative in Denpasar.

Research Methodology: This study was conducted at the Sedana Usaha Cooperative. Data collection was carried out through observation data collection techniques, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The study population consisted of 90 employees. The data analysis technique used was the saturated sampling technique or census, which is used if the entire population is used as respondents with the provision that the population is not enough from 100 people.

Results: The physical work environment has a positive, significant effect simultaneously and partially on employee performance and has a dominant effect on employee performance at the Dana Usaha Cooperative in Denpasar.

Conclusions: Physical Work Environment on Employee Performance has a positive and significant effect simultaneously, a positive and significant effect partially, and a dominant effect on Employee Performance.

Limitations: Physical work environment in the form of lighting, air circulation, noise, cleanliness, and work facilities on employee performance measured through a validated questionnaire.

Contribution: The results of this study can provide input to leaders to evaluate and implement a good physical work environment so that employee productivity remains good and increases.