E-leadership and adaptation to technological development of telecommunication businesses in Ghana

Published: Apr 3, 2023

Abstract:

Purpose: The study examined the role of e-leadership in adapting to technological development.

Research methodology: A mixed methods triangulation approach was used for the study. Quantitative data was collected from 297 customers and 146 employees of telecommunication companies in Ghana using a questionnaire. For qualitative data, 12 respondents were interviewed. Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics for IBM SPSS Statistics 24. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.

Results: It was found that e-leadership discourages face-to-face interactions. Leaders tend to employ the use of social media when communicating with team members during rapid technological development. Virtual teams are employed while completing projects. Managers show empathy, provide effective supervision and are always available online to assist virtual team members who happen to encounter challenges, in a timely manner.

Limitations: This study was limited to employees and customers of telecommunication companies in Ghana.

Contribution: This research has exposed that E-leadership positively affects the productivity of virtual team members, who tend to face challenges during technological advancement. This implies that with e-leadership, the level of difficulty faced while adapting to rapid technological development is significantly reduced.

Novelty: There is a need for managers to be consistent with the application of the e-leadership concept no matter how sophisticated technology gets. It is therefore recommended that managers continue with the use of e-leadership while providing guidance for challenged virtual team members.

Keywords:
1. E-leadership
2. technology
3. technological development
4. telecommunication
5. management
Authors:
1 . Anita Bans-Akutey
2 . Deborah Ebem
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5857-8169
How to Cite
Bans-Akutey, A., & Ebem, D. (2023). E-leadership and adaptation to technological development of telecommunication businesses in Ghana. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 3(4), 259–269. https://doi.org/10.35912/amor.v3i4.1464

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
Issue & Section
References

    Ahsan, M. S., & Malik, K. (2015). The role of an intermediary agent in technology integration within developing countries: a film industry perspective. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 151-156.

    Allen, I. E., & Seaman, J. (2015). Grade Level: Tracking Online Education in the United States: ERIC.

    Avle, S. (2020). Radio via mobile phones: the intersecting logics of media technologies in Ghana. Media, Culture & Society, 42(5), 789-799.

    Avolio, B. J., & Kahai, S. S. (2003). Adding the “E” to E-leadership:: How it may impact your leadership. Organizational dynamics, 31(4), 325-338.

    Avolio, B. J., Sosik, J. J., Kahai, S. S., & Baker, B. (2014). E-leadership: Re-examining transformations in leadership source and transmission. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(1), 105-131.

    Bans-Akutey, A. (2019). Staff perceptions on paperless management–A qualitative study of RPS Engineering Services Ghana Limited. International Journal of ICT and Management, 6(1), 6-14.

    Bans-Akutey, A. (2020). DIFFERENTIATING MICROMANAGEMENT FROM EFFECTIVE MANAGE-MENT: AMANAGER’S GUIDE. GSJ, 8(11).

    Bans-Akutey, A. (2021). The Path-Goal Theory of Leadership. Academia Letters, 2.

    Bans-Akutey, A. (2022). The Influence of Technological Development on Organizational Productivity. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 11(5), 1641-1648.

    Bans-Akutey, A., Ohene Afriyie, E., & Tiimub, B. (2022). Leadership Propositions for Team Success.

    Bans-Akutey, A., & Tiimub, B. (2021). Identifying Research Gaps in Schorlarly Work-A Review. Academia Letters, 2.

    Bans-Akutey, A., & Tiimub, B. M. (2021). Triangulation in research. Academia Letters, 2.

    Barnwell, D., Nedrick, S., Rudolph, E., Sesay, M., & Wellen, W. (2014). Leadership of international and virtual project teams. International Journal of Global Business, 7(2).

    Chinomona, R. (2013). The fostering role of information technology on SMEs’ strategic purchasing, logistics integration and business performance. Southern African Business Review, 17(1), 76-97.

    Chow, T. W. (2020). Leader versus manager: Lessons from top business executives. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 2(1), 53-65.

    Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling techniques: John Wiley & Sons.

    Creswell, J. W. (2011). Controversies in mixed methods research. The Sage handbook of qualitative research, 4(1), 269-284.

    Darling, J., & Nurmi, R. (1995). Downsizing the multinational firm: Key variables for excellence. Leadership & Organization Development Journal.

    Dokku, S. R., Rajesh, C., & Lakshmi, P. A. (2022). A Study on Customers’ Expectations towards Purchase of Smartphones in India: with Reference to Andhra Pradesh, India. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 3(3), 179-191.

    Duarte, D. L., & Snyder, N. T. (2006). Mastering virtual teams: Strategies, tools, and techniques that succeed: John Wiley & Sons.

    Ebuka, A. A., Nzewi, H. N., Gerald, E., & Ezinne, K. M. (2020). Digital literacy in a post Coronavirus era: a management perspective for small businesses in Africa. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 1(3), 203-212.

    Eke, G. J., & Kenebara, F. A. (2020). Effective Information Technology Communication: A Panacea to Business Success. International Academy Journal of Management Annals, 6(1), 71-81.

    Fan, K.-T., Chen, Y.-H., Wang, C.-W., & Chen, M. (2014). E-leadership effectiveness in virtual teams: Motivating language perspective. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 114(3), 421-437.

    Fox, F. E., Morris, M., & Rumsey, N. (2007). Doing synchronous online focus groups with young people: Methodological reflections. Qualitative health research, 17(4), 539-547.

    Ghana, I. (2017). IMANI Telecoms Series: Ghana’s Telecommunication Licensing Regime Stifling Innovation And Internet Affordability-What Should Be Done. Retrieved from https://www.modernghana.com/news/794299/imani-telecoms-series-ghanas-telecommunication-licensing-r.html

    Ghorbani, S., & Khanachah, S. N. (2020). Provide a model for establishing a comprehensive knowledge management system in knowledge-based organizations based on success factors. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 2(1), 1-12.

    Hart, R. K., & McLeod, P. L. (2003). Rethinking team building in geographically dispersed teams: One message at a time. Organizational dynamics, 31(4), 352-352.

    Hertel, G., Geister, S., & Konradt, U. (2005). Managing virtual teams: A review of current empirical research. Human Resource Management Review, 15(1), 69-95.

    ITA. (2020). Ghana Communication 2020. Retrieved from https://theodora.com/wfbcurrent/ghana/ghana_communications.html

    Jones, M. R., & Karsten, H. (2008). Giddens's structuration theory and information systems research. MIS quarterly, 127-157.

    Kahai, S. S., Sosik, J. J., & Avolio, B. J. (1997). Effects of leadership style and problem structure on work group process and outcomes in an electronic meeting system environment. Personnel psychology, 50(1), 121-146.

    Kamal, M. M., Bigdeli, A. Z., Themistocleous, M., & Morabito, V. (2015). Investigating factors influencing local government decision makers while adopting integration technologies (IntTech). Information & Management, 52(2), 135-150.

    Kayworth, T., & Leidner, D. (2000). The global virtual manager: A prescription for success. European Management Journal, 18(2), 183-194.

    Kirkpatick, S. A., & Locke, E. A. (1991). Leadership: do traits matter? Academy of management perspectives, 5(2), 48-60.

    Lekwauwa, N., & Bans-Akutey, A. (2022). Commercial banks’ profitability and portfolio management in Ghana. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 3(4), 245-257.

    Lilian, S. C. (2014). Virtual teams: Opportunities and challenges for e-leaders. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 110, 1251-1261.

    Liu, C., Ready, D., Roman, A., Van Wart, M., Wang, X., McCarthy, A., & Kim, S. (2018). E-leadership: an empirical study of organizational leaders’ virtual communication adoption. Leadership & Organization Development Journal.

    Meyer, G. R. (1979). The Development of Minicourses (with a Basis in Educational Technology) for the In?service Education of Teachers and Trainers. Programmed Learning and Educational Technology, 16(1), 23-37.

    Mousavi, N. (2009). The role of human resource management at organizational agility. Journal of Industrial Management Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj, 111, 127.

    Naab, R., & Bans-Akutey, A. (2021). Assessing the use of e-business strategies by SMEs in Ghana during the Covid-19 pandemic. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 2(3), 145-160.

    NCA. (2021). Retrieved from https://nca.org.gh

    Nuryanti, B. L., Hanifah, A. P., & Cahyadi, A. I. (2023). How business digitalization can effect the entrepreneurial growth. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 4(4), 449-462.

    Nydegger, R., & Nydegger, L. (2010). Challenges in managing virtual teams. Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER), 8(3).

    Olusola, A., Usman, O., Aina-David, O., & Yinus, S. (2013). An appraisal of the impact of information technology (IT) on Nigeria small and medium enterprises (SMEs) performance. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM) Vol, 2, 140-152.

    Osei-Owusu, A. (2015). The Analysis of the Ghana Telecom Industry. Paper presented at the 26th European Regional ITS Conference, Madrid 2015.

    Purvanova, R. K., & Bono, J. E. (2009). Transformational leadership in context: Face-to-face and virtual teams. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(3), 343-357.

    Saha, N., Gregar, A., & Saha, P. (2017). Organizational agility and KM strategy: Are they effective tools for achieving sustainable organizational excellence. New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(10), 110-117.

    Srivastava, R. K., Masci, J., Gomez, F., & Schmidhuber, J. (2014). Understanding locally competitive networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1410.1165.

    Teddlie, C., & Tashakkori, A. (2011). Mixed methods research. The Sage handbook of qualitative research, 4, 285-300.

    Tiimub, B. M., Bans-Akutey, A., Tiimob, E. N., & Agyenta, J. J. (2020). Innovative Perspectives on Addressing Realities Confronting Humans in Aesthetic Natural Environments: A Reviewed Communication Based on Sun Tzu? s Leadership Philosophical Concepts.

    Torre, T., & Sarti, D. (2020). The “way” toward e-leadership: Some evidence from the field. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 554253.

    Van Wart, M., Roman, A., Wang, X., & Liu, C. (2017). Integrating ICT adoption issues into (e-) leadership theory. Telematics and Informatics, 34(5), 527-537.

    Viguerie, P., Cowan, K., & Hindo, B. (2017). The Future of Telecom: A Dual Transformation. Retrieved from Innosight: https://www.innosight.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/The-Future-Of-Telecom.pdf

    Vought, W. X. (2017). E-leadership in practice: The components of transformational leadership in virtual business environments.

    Wing, R. (1988). The art of strategy: a new translation of Sun Tzu's classic, The art of war: Main Street Books.

    Yin, J. Z. (1992). Technological capabilities as determinants of the success of technology transfer projects. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 42(1), 17-29.

    Zervas, C., & David, L. (2013). Leadership Style: Is there “one Best”, or is Flexibility worth developing. Online: http://www. leadershipadvantage. com/leadership. html). Retrieved May, 27, 2013.

    Zhu, W., Chew, I. K., & Spangler, W. D. (2005). CEO transformational leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of human–capital-enhancing human resource management. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 39-52.

    Zigurs, I. (2003). Leadership in virtual teams: Oxymoron or opportunity? Organizational dynamics.

  1. Ahsan, M. S., & Malik, K. (2015). The role of an intermediary agent in technology integration within developing countries: a film industry perspective. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 151-156.
  2. Allen, I. E., & Seaman, J. (2015). Grade Level: Tracking Online Education in the United States: ERIC.
  3. Avle, S. (2020). Radio via mobile phones: the intersecting logics of media technologies in Ghana. Media, Culture & Society, 42(5), 789-799.
  4. Avolio, B. J., & Kahai, S. S. (2003). Adding the “E” to E-leadership:: How it may impact your leadership. Organizational dynamics, 31(4), 325-338.
  5. Avolio, B. J., Sosik, J. J., Kahai, S. S., & Baker, B. (2014). E-leadership: Re-examining transformations in leadership source and transmission. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(1), 105-131.
  6. Bans-Akutey, A. (2019). Staff perceptions on paperless management–A qualitative study of RPS Engineering Services Ghana Limited. International Journal of ICT and Management, 6(1), 6-14.
  7. Bans-Akutey, A. (2020). DIFFERENTIATING MICROMANAGEMENT FROM EFFECTIVE MANAGE-MENT: AMANAGER’S GUIDE. GSJ, 8(11).
  8. Bans-Akutey, A. (2021). The Path-Goal Theory of Leadership. Academia Letters, 2.
  9. Bans-Akutey, A. (2022). The Influence of Technological Development on Organizational Productivity. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 11(5), 1641-1648.
  10. Bans-Akutey, A., Ohene Afriyie, E., & Tiimub, B. (2022). Leadership Propositions for Team Success.
  11. Bans-Akutey, A., & Tiimub, B. (2021). Identifying Research Gaps in Schorlarly Work-A Review. Academia Letters, 2.
  12. Bans-Akutey, A., & Tiimub, B. M. (2021). Triangulation in research. Academia Letters, 2.
  13. Barnwell, D., Nedrick, S., Rudolph, E., Sesay, M., & Wellen, W. (2014). Leadership of international and virtual project teams. International Journal of Global Business, 7(2).
  14. Chinomona, R. (2013). The fostering role of information technology on SMEs’ strategic purchasing, logistics integration and business performance. Southern African Business Review, 17(1), 76-97.
  15. Chow, T. W. (2020). Leader versus manager: Lessons from top business executives. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 2(1), 53-65.
  16. Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling techniques: John Wiley & Sons.
  17. Creswell, J. W. (2011). Controversies in mixed methods research. The Sage handbook of qualitative research, 4(1), 269-284.
  18. Darling, J., & Nurmi, R. (1995). Downsizing the multinational firm: Key variables for excellence. Leadership & Organization Development Journal.
  19. Dokku, S. R., Rajesh, C., & Lakshmi, P. A. (2022). A Study on Customers’ Expectations towards Purchase of Smartphones in India: with Reference to Andhra Pradesh, India. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 3(3), 179-191.
  20. Duarte, D. L., & Snyder, N. T. (2006). Mastering virtual teams: Strategies, tools, and techniques that succeed: John Wiley & Sons.
  21. Ebuka, A. A., Nzewi, H. N., Gerald, E., & Ezinne, K. M. (2020). Digital literacy in a post Coronavirus era: a management perspective for small businesses in Africa. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 1(3), 203-212.
  22. Eke, G. J., & Kenebara, F. A. (2020). Effective Information Technology Communication: A Panacea to Business Success. International Academy Journal of Management Annals, 6(1), 71-81.
  23. Fan, K.-T., Chen, Y.-H., Wang, C.-W., & Chen, M. (2014). E-leadership effectiveness in virtual teams: Motivating language perspective. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 114(3), 421-437.
  24. Fox, F. E., Morris, M., & Rumsey, N. (2007). Doing synchronous online focus groups with young people: Methodological reflections. Qualitative health research, 17(4), 539-547.
  25. Ghana, I. (2017). IMANI Telecoms Series: Ghana’s Telecommunication Licensing Regime Stifling Innovation And Internet Affordability-What Should Be Done. Retrieved from https://www.modernghana.com/news/794299/imani-telecoms-series-ghanas-telecommunication-licensing-r.html
  26. Ghorbani, S., & Khanachah, S. N. (2020). Provide a model for establishing a comprehensive knowledge management system in knowledge-based organizations based on success factors. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 2(1), 1-12.
  27. Hart, R. K., & McLeod, P. L. (2003). Rethinking team building in geographically dispersed teams: One message at a time. Organizational dynamics, 31(4), 352-352.
  28. Hertel, G., Geister, S., & Konradt, U. (2005). Managing virtual teams: A review of current empirical research. Human Resource Management Review, 15(1), 69-95.
  29. ITA. (2020). Ghana Communication 2020. Retrieved from https://theodora.com/wfbcurrent/ghana/ghana_communications.html
  30. Jones, M. R., & Karsten, H. (2008). Giddens's structuration theory and information systems research. MIS quarterly, 127-157.
  31. Kahai, S. S., Sosik, J. J., & Avolio, B. J. (1997). Effects of leadership style and problem structure on work group process and outcomes in an electronic meeting system environment. Personnel psychology, 50(1), 121-146.
  32. Kamal, M. M., Bigdeli, A. Z., Themistocleous, M., & Morabito, V. (2015). Investigating factors influencing local government decision makers while adopting integration technologies (IntTech). Information & Management, 52(2), 135-150.
  33. Kayworth, T., & Leidner, D. (2000). The global virtual manager: A prescription for success. European Management Journal, 18(2), 183-194.
  34. Kirkpatick, S. A., & Locke, E. A. (1991). Leadership: do traits matter? Academy of management perspectives, 5(2), 48-60.
  35. Lekwauwa, N., & Bans-Akutey, A. (2022). Commercial banks’ profitability and portfolio management in Ghana. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 3(4), 245-257.
  36. Lilian, S. C. (2014). Virtual teams: Opportunities and challenges for e-leaders. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 110, 1251-1261.
  37. Liu, C., Ready, D., Roman, A., Van Wart, M., Wang, X., McCarthy, A., & Kim, S. (2018). E-leadership: an empirical study of organizational leaders’ virtual communication adoption. Leadership & Organization Development Journal.
  38. Meyer, G. R. (1979). The Development of Minicourses (with a Basis in Educational Technology) for the In?service Education of Teachers and Trainers. Programmed Learning and Educational Technology, 16(1), 23-37.
  39. Mousavi, N. (2009). The role of human resource management at organizational agility. Journal of Industrial Management Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj, 111, 127.
  40. Naab, R., & Bans-Akutey, A. (2021). Assessing the use of e-business strategies by SMEs in Ghana during the Covid-19 pandemic. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 2(3), 145-160.
  41. NCA. (2021). Retrieved from https://nca.org.gh
  42. Nuryanti, B. L., Hanifah, A. P., & Cahyadi, A. I. (2023). How business digitalization can effect the entrepreneurial growth. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 4(4), 449-462.
  43. Nydegger, R., & Nydegger, L. (2010). Challenges in managing virtual teams. Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER), 8(3).
  44. Olusola, A., Usman, O., Aina-David, O., & Yinus, S. (2013). An appraisal of the impact of information technology (IT) on Nigeria small and medium enterprises (SMEs) performance. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM) Vol, 2, 140-152.
  45. Osei-Owusu, A. (2015). The Analysis of the Ghana Telecom Industry. Paper presented at the 26th European Regional ITS Conference, Madrid 2015.
  46. Purvanova, R. K., & Bono, J. E. (2009). Transformational leadership in context: Face-to-face and virtual teams. The Leadership Quarterly, 20(3), 343-357.
  47. Saha, N., Gregar, A., & Saha, P. (2017). Organizational agility and KM strategy: Are they effective tools for achieving sustainable organizational excellence. New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(10), 110-117.
  48. Srivastava, R. K., Masci, J., Gomez, F., & Schmidhuber, J. (2014). Understanding locally competitive networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1410.1165.
  49. Teddlie, C., & Tashakkori, A. (2011). Mixed methods research. The Sage handbook of qualitative research, 4, 285-300.
  50. Tiimub, B. M., Bans-Akutey, A., Tiimob, E. N., & Agyenta, J. J. (2020). Innovative Perspectives on Addressing Realities Confronting Humans in Aesthetic Natural Environments: A Reviewed Communication Based on Sun Tzu? s Leadership Philosophical Concepts.
  51. Torre, T., & Sarti, D. (2020). The “way” toward e-leadership: Some evidence from the field. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 554253.
  52. Van Wart, M., Roman, A., Wang, X., & Liu, C. (2017). Integrating ICT adoption issues into (e-) leadership theory. Telematics and Informatics, 34(5), 527-537.
  53. Viguerie, P., Cowan, K., & Hindo, B. (2017). The Future of Telecom: A Dual Transformation. Retrieved from Innosight: https://www.innosight.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/The-Future-Of-Telecom.pdf
  54. Vought, W. X. (2017). E-leadership in practice: The components of transformational leadership in virtual business environments.
  55. Wing, R. (1988). The art of strategy: a new translation of Sun Tzu's classic, The art of war: Main Street Books.
  56. Yin, J. Z. (1992). Technological capabilities as determinants of the success of technology transfer projects. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 42(1), 17-29.
  57. Zervas, C., & David, L. (2013). Leadership Style: Is there “one Best”, or is Flexibility worth developing. Online: http://www. leadershipadvantage. com/leadership. html). Retrieved May, 27, 2013.
  58. Zhu, W., Chew, I. K., & Spangler, W. D. (2005). CEO transformational leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of human–capital-enhancing human resource management. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 39-52.
  59. Zigurs, I. (2003). Leadership in virtual teams: Oxymoron or opportunity? Organizational dynamics.