Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement
Upholding the highest standards of publication ethics following COPE guidelines.
COPE CompliantDuties of Editors
Publication Decisions
Editors decide manuscript publication based on intellectual merit, following journal policies and legal requirements.
Fair Play
Manuscripts are evaluated solely on content without discrimination based on race, gender, religion, or political philosophy.
Confidentiality
Submitted manuscripts are treated confidentially and shared only with authorized reviewers and editorial staff.
Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
Unpublished materials must not be used without explicit written consent from authors.
Duties of Reviewers
Contribution to Editorial Decisions
Reviewers provide constructive feedback to assist editors and improve manuscript quality.
Promptness
Reviewers should notify editors promptly if unable to complete reviews or feel unqualified.
Confidentiality
Manuscripts under review are confidential and must not be shared without editor authorization.
Standards of Objectivity
Reviews must be objective with clear arguments, avoiding personal criticism of authors.
Acknowledgement of Sources
Reviewers identify uncited relevant work and notify editors of substantial overlaps with published works.
Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
Reviewers must not use confidential information for personal advantage or review manuscripts with conflicts of interest.
Duties of Authors
Reporting Standards
Authors present accurate research with sufficient detail and references for replication.
Originality and Plagiarism
Work must be entirely original with proper citation when using others' ideas or work.
Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication
Authors must not submit the same manuscript to multiple journals or publish similar research in different outlets.
Acknowledgement of Sources
Proper acknowledgment of all sources influencing the research is required.
Authorship of the Paper
Authorship limited to those with significant contributions; all co-authors must approve final submission.
Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest
Authors disclose financial conflicts of interest and all research funding sources.
Fundamental Errors in Published Works
Authors must promptly notify editors of significant errors and cooperate in corrections or retractions.
