EU Non-Financial Reporting Research

Albertina Monteiro; Catarina  Cepêda; Amélia Silva

doi:10.35912/ijfam.v4i3.1179

EU Non-Financial Reporting Research

https://doi.org/10.35912/ijfam.v4i3.1179

Published: Dec 5, 2022

Abstract:

Purpose: This paper presents a longitudinal evaluation of the research about Directive 2014/95/EU regarding Non-Financial Reporting (NFR), identifying the t theoretical approaches, methodological adopteds, and research topics.

Research methodology: Data was collected from the Web of Science (WoS) database, between 2016 and 2021. The search criteria resulted in a total of 59 valid articles, after which we performed a quantitative bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer software.

Results: Publications on this Directive 2014/95/EU has increased from 2015 to 2021. Findings show that most articles resorted to quantitative and qualitative methodologies, emphasizing content analysis, combined with other research methods. The frameworks based on stakeholders and institutional theories are very popular in the field. Research is focused on (1) Directive 2014/95/EU regulation, implementation, compliance, and investigation, (2) determinants and impacts of NFR, (3) NFR level/evolution and (4) reasons and skills for NFR. Papers published on EU non-financial information are very heterogeneous and lack consensus as to its impact on NFR.

Limitations: This study only included the WoS database as a source of data collection, and it would be valuable in future studies to add other quality databases.

Contribution: This research contributes to illuminating institutional pressures implication for NFR development. Therefore, this analysis is essential for institutions operating in accounting information standardization, as well as for information preparers given the necessity to acquire skills to ensure this new challenge related to the reporting of corporate social responsibility.

Keywords:

1. Non-Financial Reporting

2. Directive 2014/95/EU

3. Institutional Pressures

4. Bibliometric literature review

Authors:

1	.	Albertina Monteiro
		Porto Accounting and Business School, Polytechnic of Porto, CEOS.PP, Porto, Portugal

2	.	Catarina Cepêda
		Porto Accounting and Business School, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal

3	.	Amélia Silva
		Porto Accounting and Business School, Polytechnic of Porto, CEOS.PP, Porto, Portugal

View PDF

How to Cite

Monteiro, A., Cepêda, C., & Silva, A. (2022). EU Non-Financial Reporting Research. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 4(3), 335–348. https://doi.org/10.35912/ijfam.v4i3.1179

Download Citation

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Issue & Section

Vol. 4 No. 3 (2022): December

Articles

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

References

Accountant, C. G. M. (2016). Princípios globais de contabilidade gerencial: Contabilidade gerencial eficaz: Melhorando as decisões e construindo organizações de sucesso: AICPA; CIMA Nova York.

Ader, C. R. (1995). A longitudinal study of agenda setting for the issue of environmental pollution. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 72(2), 300-311.

Alonso Carrillo, M. I., Priego De La Cruz, A. M., & Nunez Chicharro, M. (2019). The impact of corporate governance on corruption disclosure in European listed firms through the implementation of directive 2014/95/EU. Sustainability, 11(22), 6479.

Amorim, V., & Bras, F. A. (2011). Study of Information Disclosure on Organizacional Social Responsibility. Informacao & Sociedade-Estudos, 21(2), 65-86.

Artene, A., Bunget, O.-C., Dumitrescu, A.-C., Domil, A.-E., & Bogdan, O. (2020). Non-financial information disclosures and environmental protection—evidence from Romania and Greece. Forests, 11(8), 814.

Aureli, S., Magnaghi, E., & Salvatori, F. (2019). The role of existing regulation and discretion in harmonising non-financial disclosure. Accounting in Europe, 16(3), 290-312.

Aureli, S., Salvatori, F., & Magnaghi, E. (2020). A country-comparative analysis of the transposition of the EU non-financial directive: An institutional approach. Accounting, Economics, and Law: A Convivium, 10(2).

Balluchi, F., Furlotti, K., & Torelli, R. (2020). Italy towards mandatory sustainability reporting. Voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure of Italian companies and legislative decree 254/2016 statements. A quantitative analysis of the last 10 years Sustainability and law (pp. 257-274): Springer.

Bebbington, J., Russell, S., & Thomson, I. (2017). Accounting and sustainable development: Reflections and propositions. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 48, 21-34.

Bernardi, C., & Stark, A. W. (2018). Environmental, social and governance disclosure, integrated reporting, and the accuracy of analyst forecasts. The British accounting review, 50(1), 16-31.

Bhutta, N. T., & Saeed, M. M. (2011). Accounting scandals in the context of corporate social reporting. Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management, 18(3), 171-184.

Biondi, L., Dumay, J., & Monciardini, D. (2020). Using the international integrated reporting framework to comply with EU directive 2014/95/EU: can we afford another reporting façade? Meditari Accountancy Research.

Bostan, I., Bîrc?, A., Tab?r?, N., & MUNTEAN JEMNA, L. (2019). Analysis of the Relationships between Sustainable Management Control and Performance Appraisal System. Postmodern Openings/Deschideri Postmoderne, 10(4).

Brown, H. S., de Jong, M., & Levy, D. L. (2009). Building institutions based on information disclosure: lessons from GRI's sustainability reporting. Journal of cleaner production, 17(6), 571-580.

Brown, N., & Deegan, C. (1998). The public disclosure of environmental performance information—a dual test of media agenda setting theory and legitimacy theory. Accounting and business research, 29(1), 21-41.

Bruno Soares, M., & Buontempo, C. (2019). Challenges to the sustainability of climate services in Europe. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 10(4), e587.

Carungu, J., Di Pietra, R., & Molinari, M. (2020). Mandatory vs voluntary exercise on non-financial reporting: does a normative/coercive isomorphism facilitate an increase in quality? Meditari Accountancy Research.

Cepêda, C. L. M., & Monteiro, A. P. (2020). The accountant’s perception of the usefulness of financial information in decision making-a study in Portugal. Revista brasileira de gestão de negócios, 22, 363-380.

Cosma, S., Leopizzi, R., Pizzi, S., & Turco, M. (2021). The stakeholder engagement in the European banks: Regulation versus governance. What changes after the NF directive? Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(3), 1091-1103.

De Micco, P., Rinaldi, L., Vitale, G., Cupertino, S., & Maraghini, M. P. (2020). The challenges of sustainability reporting and their management: the case of Estra. Meditari Accountancy Research.

de Roo, K. H. (2015). Role of the EU Directive on Non-Financial Disclosure in Human Rights Reporting, The. Eur. Company L., 12, 278.

De Villiers, C., & Marques, A. (2016). Corporate social responsibility, country-level predispositions, and the consequences of choosing a level of disclosure. Accounting and business research, 46(2), 167-195.

Deegan, C. (2002). Introduction: The legitimising effect of social and environmental disclosures–a theoretical foundation. Accounting, auditing & accountability journal.

Di Vaio, A., Palladino, R., Hassan, R., & Alvino, F. (2020). Human resources disclosure in the EU Directive 2014/95/EU perspective: A systematic literature review. Journal of cleaner production, 257, 120509.

Dumay, J., La Torre, M., & Farneti, F. (2018). Developing trust through stewardship: Implications for intellectual capital, integrated reporting, and the EU Directive 2014/95/EU. Journal of Intellectual Capital.

Dumitru, M., Dyduch, J., Gu?e, R.-G., & Krasodomska, J. (2017). Corporate reporting practices in Poland and Romania–an ex-ante study to the new non-financial reporting European directive. Accounting in Europe, 14(3), 279-304.

Ferrer, E., López?Arceiz, F. J., & del Rio, C. (2020). Sustainability disclosure and financial analysts' accuracy: The European case. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(8), 2939-2952.

Fiandrino, S., Busso, D., & Vrontis, D. (2019). Sustainable responsible conduct beyond the boundaries of compliance: Lessons from Italian listed food and beverage companies. British Food Journal.

Frydman, C., & Camerer, C. F. (2016). The psychology and neuroscience of financial decision making. Trends in cognitive sciences, 20(9), 661-675.

Garcia-Torea, N., Larrinaga, C., & Luque-Vílchez, M. (2019). Academic engagement in policy-making and social and environmental reporting. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal.

Gazzola, P., Pezzetti, R., Amelio, S., & Grechi, D. (2020). Non-Financial information disclosure in Italian Public interest companies: A sustainability reporting perspective. Sustainability, 12(15), 6063.

Gray, R. (2010). Is accounting for sustainability actually accounting for sustainability… and how would we know? An exploration of narratives of organisations and the planet. Accounting, organizations and society, 35(1), 47-62.

Guthrie, J., Manes-Rossi, F., & Orelli, R. L. (2017). Integrated reporting and integrated thinking in Italian public sector organisations. Meditari Accountancy Research, 25(4), 553-573.

Hahn, R., & Kühnen, M. (2013). Determinants of sustainability reporting: a review of results, trends, theory, and opportunities in an expanding field of research. Journal of cleaner production, 59, 5-21.

Hojnik, J. (2017). Environmental Corporate Reporting under eu Law: Historic Achievement or Just a Moderate Step Forward? Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law, 14(1), 41-75.

Kinderman, D. (2020a). The challenges of upward regulatory harmonization: The case of sustainability reporting in the European Union. Regulation & Governance, 14(4), 674-697.

Kinderman, D. (2020b). The tenuous link between CSR performance and support for regulation: Business associations and Nordic regulatory preferences regarding the corporate transparency law 2014/95/EU. Business and Politics, 22(3), 413-448.

Krasodomska, J., Michalak, J., & ?wietla, K. (2020). Directive 2014/95/EU: Accountants’ understanding and attitude towards mandatory non-financial disclosures in corporate reporting. Meditari Accountancy Research.

Krasodomska, J., Simnett, R., & Street, D. L. (2021). Extended external reporting assurance: Current practices and challenges. Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting, 32(1), 104-142.

Krištofík, P., Lament, M., & Musa, H. (2016). The reporting of non-financial information and the rationale for its standardisation.

Leopizzi, R., Iazzi, A., Venturelli, A., & Principale, S. (2020). Nonfinancial risk disclosure: The “state of the art” of Italian companies. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(1), 358-368.

Liberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P. C., Ioannidis, J. P., . . . Moher, D. (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 62(10), e1-e34.

Loprevite, S., Raucci, D., & Rupo, D. (2020). KPIs reporting and financial performance in the transition to mandatory disclosure: The case of Italy. Sustainability, 12(12), 5195.

Mahoney, L. S., Thorne, L., Cecil, L., & LaGore, W. (2013). A research note on standalone corporate social responsibility reports: Signaling or greenwashing? Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 24(4-5), 350-359.

Malecki, C. (2018). Corporate social responsibility: perspectives for sustainable corporate governance: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Manes-Rossi, F., Tiron-Tudor, A., Nicolò, G., & Zanellato, G. (2018). Ensuring more sustainable reporting in Europe using non-financial disclosure—De facto and de jure evidence. Sustainability, 10(4), 1162.

Masiero, E., Arkhipova, D., Massaro, M., & Bagnoli, C. (2019). Corporate accountability and stakeholder connectivity. A case study. Meditari Accountancy Research.

Matuszak, ?., & Ró?a?ska, E. (2017). CSR disclosure in Polish-listed companies in the light of Directive 2014/95/EU requirements: Empirical evidence. Sustainability, 9(12), 2304.

Mazzotta, R., Bronzetti, G., & Veltri, S. (2020). Are mandatory non?financial disclosures credible? Evidence from Italian listed companies. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(4), 1900-1913.

Merten, D. M. (1998). Research methods in education and psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative and qualitative approaches. Thousand Oaks.

Miniaoui, Z., Chibani, F., & Hussainey, K. (2019). The impact of country?level institutional differences on corporate social responsibility disclosure engagement. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(6), 1307-1320.

Mio, C., Fasan, M., Marcon, C., & Panfilo, S. (2020). The predictive ability of legitimacy and agency theory after the implementation of the EU directive on non?financial information. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(6), 2465-2476.

Mion, G., & Loza Adaui, C. R. (2019). Mandatory nonfinancial disclosure and its consequences on the sustainability reporting quality of Italian and German companies. Sustainability, 11(17), 4612.

Mittelbach-Hörmanseder, S., Hummel, K., & Rammerstorfer, M. (2021). The information content of corporate social responsibility disclosure in Europe: an institutional perspective. European Accounting Review, 30(2), 309-348.

Monteiro, A., & Cepêda, C. (2021). Accounting information systems: scientific production and trends in research. Systems, 9(3), 67.

Monteiro, A. P., Aibar-Guzmán, B., Garrido-Ruso, M., & Aibar-Guzmán, C. (2021). Employee-related disclosure: A bibliometric review. Sustainability, 13(10), 5342.

Moraru, R. I., P?UN, A. P., DURA, C. C., Dinulescu, R., & Potcovaru, A.-M. (2020). Analysis of the Drivers of Occupational Health and Safety Performance Disclosures By Romanian Companies. Economic Computation & Economic Cybernetics Studies & Research, 54(3), 197-214.

Nicolò, G., Zanellato, G., & Tiron-Tudor, A. (2020). Integrated reporting and European state-owned enterprises: A disclosure analysis pre and post 2014/95/EU. Sustainability, 12(5), 1908.

O’donovan, G. (2002). Environmental disclosures in the annual report: Extending the applicability and predictive power of legitimacy theory. Accounting, auditing & accountability journal, 15(3), 344-371.

Ogrean, C. (2017). The directive 2014/95/EU–Is there a “new” beginning for CSR in Romania? Studies in Business and Economics, 12(1), 141-147.

Olayinka, A. A. (2022). Financial statement analysis as a tool for investment decisions and assessment of companies’ performance. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 4(1), 49-66.

Omodero, C. (2015). Genesis of accountability and its impact on accounting. Available at SSRN 2626967.

P?un, A. P., Dura, C. C., Mih?ilescu, S., Moraru, R. I., & Isac, C. A. (2020). OHS Disclosures Within Non-Financial Reports: The Romanian Case. Sustainability, 12(5), 1963.

Perši?, M., & Lahorka, H. (2018). Exploring the quality of social information disclosed in non-financial reports of Croatian companies. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 31(1), 2024-2043.

Phornlaphatrachakorn, K. (2019). Internal control quality, accounting information usefulness, regulation compliance, and decision-making success: evidence from canned and processed foods businesses in Thailand. International Journal of Business, 24(2), 198-215.

Pizzi, S., Rosati, F., & Venturelli, A. (2021). The determinants of business contribution to the 2030 Agenda: Introducing the SDG Reporting Score. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(1), 404-421.

Primec, A., & Belak, J. (2018). Towards socially responsible corporate governance with authorities’ interventions. Management: Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, 23(1), 203-219.

Raucci, D., & Tarquinio, L. (2020). Sustainability performance indicators and non-financial information reporting. Evidence from the Italian case. Administrative Sciences, 10(1), 13.

Samosir, D. K. B. M., Murwaningsari, E., Augustine, Y., & Mayangsari, S. (2020). The benefit of green building for cost efficiency. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 1(4), 209-219.

Schwartz, M. S. (2016). Ethical decision-making theory: An integrated approach. Journal of Business Ethics, 139(4), 755-776.

Sierra-Garcia, L., Garcia-Benau, M. A., & Bollas-Araya, H. M. (2018). Empirical analysis of non-financial reporting by Spanish companies. Administrative Sciences, 8(3), 29.

?tef?nescu, C. A., Tiron-Tudor, A., & Moise, E. M. (2021). Eu non-financial reporting research–insights, gaps, patterns and future agenda. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 22(1), 257-276.

Szabó, D. G., & Sørensen, K. E. (2015). New EU directive on the disclosure of non-financial information (CSR). European Company and Financial Law Review, 12(3), 307-340.

Tarquinio, L., Posadas, S. C., & Pedicone, D. (2020). Scoring nonfinancial information reporting in Italian listed companies: a comparison of before and after the legislative decree 254/2016. Sustainability, 12(10), 4158.

Tukur, S., Shehu, J., Mammadi, A., & Sulaiman, U. A. (2019). An assessment of corporate social responsibility of property developers in Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 1(2), 119-129.

Vale, J., Bertuzi, R., & Monteiro, A. P. (2022). Social responsibility reporting in higher education institutions: A systematic literature review. Research Anthology on Developing Socially Responsible Businesses, 2160-2181.

Veltri, S., De Luca, F., & Phan, H. T. P. (2020). Do investors value companies' mandatory nonfinancial risk disclosure? An empirical analysis of the Italian context after the EU directive. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(6), 2226-2237.

Venturelli, A., Caputo, F., Cosma, S., Leopizzi, R., & Pizzi, S. (2017). Directive 2014/95/EU: are Italian companies already compliant? Sustainability, 9(8), 1385.

Wozniak, J., & Pactwa, K. (2019). State of non-financial reporting of polish representatives of the mining industry in a sustainable social dimension. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.

Zulaecha, H. E., & Murtanto, M. (2019). Foreign ownership and sustainability performance in Indonesia. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 1(1), 1-15.

Accountant, C. G. M. (2016). Princípios globais de contabilidade gerencial: Contabilidade gerencial eficaz: Melhorando as decisões e construindo organizações de sucesso: AICPA; CIMA Nova York.
Ader, C. R. (1995). A longitudinal study of agenda setting for the issue of environmental pollution. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 72(2), 300-311.
Alonso Carrillo, M. I., Priego De La Cruz, A. M., & Nunez Chicharro, M. (2019). The impact of corporate governance on corruption disclosure in European listed firms through the implementation of directive 2014/95/EU. Sustainability, 11(22), 6479.
Amorim, V., & Bras, F. A. (2011). Study of Information Disclosure on Organizacional Social Responsibility. Informacao & Sociedade-Estudos, 21(2), 65-86.
Artene, A., Bunget, O.-C., Dumitrescu, A.-C., Domil, A.-E., & Bogdan, O. (2020). Non-financial information disclosures and environmental protection—evidence from Romania and Greece. Forests, 11(8), 814.
Aureli, S., Magnaghi, E., & Salvatori, F. (2019). The role of existing regulation and discretion in harmonising non-financial disclosure. Accounting in Europe, 16(3), 290-312.
Aureli, S., Salvatori, F., & Magnaghi, E. (2020). A country-comparative analysis of the transposition of the EU non-financial directive: An institutional approach. Accounting, Economics, and Law: A Convivium, 10(2).
Balluchi, F., Furlotti, K., & Torelli, R. (2020). Italy towards mandatory sustainability reporting. Voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure of Italian companies and legislative decree 254/2016 statements. A quantitative analysis of the last 10 years Sustainability and law (pp. 257-274): Springer.
Bebbington, J., Russell, S., & Thomson, I. (2017). Accounting and sustainable development: Reflections and propositions. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 48, 21-34.
Bernardi, C., & Stark, A. W. (2018). Environmental, social and governance disclosure, integrated reporting, and the accuracy of analyst forecasts. The British accounting review, 50(1), 16-31.
Bhutta, N. T., & Saeed, M. M. (2011). Accounting scandals in the context of corporate social reporting. Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management, 18(3), 171-184.
Biondi, L., Dumay, J., & Monciardini, D. (2020). Using the international integrated reporting framework to comply with EU directive 2014/95/EU: can we afford another reporting façade? Meditari Accountancy Research.
Bostan, I., Bîrc?, A., Tab?r?, N., & MUNTEAN JEMNA, L. (2019). Analysis of the Relationships between Sustainable Management Control and Performance Appraisal System. Postmodern Openings/Deschideri Postmoderne, 10(4).
Brown, H. S., de Jong, M., & Levy, D. L. (2009). Building institutions based on information disclosure: lessons from GRI's sustainability reporting. Journal of cleaner production, 17(6), 571-580.
Brown, N., & Deegan, C. (1998). The public disclosure of environmental performance information—a dual test of media agenda setting theory and legitimacy theory. Accounting and business research, 29(1), 21-41.
Bruno Soares, M., & Buontempo, C. (2019). Challenges to the sustainability of climate services in Europe. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 10(4), e587.
Carungu, J., Di Pietra, R., & Molinari, M. (2020). Mandatory vs voluntary exercise on non-financial reporting: does a normative/coercive isomorphism facilitate an increase in quality? Meditari Accountancy Research.
Cepêda, C. L. M., & Monteiro, A. P. (2020). The accountant’s perception of the usefulness of financial information in decision making-a study in Portugal. Revista brasileira de gestão de negócios, 22, 363-380.
Cosma, S., Leopizzi, R., Pizzi, S., & Turco, M. (2021). The stakeholder engagement in the European banks: Regulation versus governance. What changes after the NF directive? Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(3), 1091-1103.
De Micco, P., Rinaldi, L., Vitale, G., Cupertino, S., & Maraghini, M. P. (2020). The challenges of sustainability reporting and their management: the case of Estra. Meditari Accountancy Research.
de Roo, K. H. (2015). Role of the EU Directive on Non-Financial Disclosure in Human Rights Reporting, The. Eur. Company L., 12, 278.
De Villiers, C., & Marques, A. (2016). Corporate social responsibility, country-level predispositions, and the consequences of choosing a level of disclosure. Accounting and business research, 46(2), 167-195.
Deegan, C. (2002). Introduction: The legitimising effect of social and environmental disclosures–a theoretical foundation. Accounting, auditing & accountability journal.
Di Vaio, A., Palladino, R., Hassan, R., & Alvino, F. (2020). Human resources disclosure in the EU Directive 2014/95/EU perspective: A systematic literature review. Journal of cleaner production, 257, 120509.
Dumay, J., La Torre, M., & Farneti, F. (2018). Developing trust through stewardship: Implications for intellectual capital, integrated reporting, and the EU Directive 2014/95/EU. Journal of Intellectual Capital.
Dumitru, M., Dyduch, J., Gu?e, R.-G., & Krasodomska, J. (2017). Corporate reporting practices in Poland and Romania–an ex-ante study to the new non-financial reporting European directive. Accounting in Europe, 14(3), 279-304.
Ferrer, E., López?Arceiz, F. J., & del Rio, C. (2020). Sustainability disclosure and financial analysts' accuracy: The European case. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(8), 2939-2952.
Fiandrino, S., Busso, D., & Vrontis, D. (2019). Sustainable responsible conduct beyond the boundaries of compliance: Lessons from Italian listed food and beverage companies. British Food Journal.
Frydman, C., & Camerer, C. F. (2016). The psychology and neuroscience of financial decision making. Trends in cognitive sciences, 20(9), 661-675.
Garcia-Torea, N., Larrinaga, C., & Luque-Vílchez, M. (2019). Academic engagement in policy-making and social and environmental reporting. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal.
Gazzola, P., Pezzetti, R., Amelio, S., & Grechi, D. (2020). Non-Financial information disclosure in Italian Public interest companies: A sustainability reporting perspective. Sustainability, 12(15), 6063.
Gray, R. (2010). Is accounting for sustainability actually accounting for sustainability… and how would we know? An exploration of narratives of organisations and the planet. Accounting, organizations and society, 35(1), 47-62.
Guthrie, J., Manes-Rossi, F., & Orelli, R. L. (2017). Integrated reporting and integrated thinking in Italian public sector organisations. Meditari Accountancy Research, 25(4), 553-573.
Hahn, R., & Kühnen, M. (2013). Determinants of sustainability reporting: a review of results, trends, theory, and opportunities in an expanding field of research. Journal of cleaner production, 59, 5-21.
Hojnik, J. (2017). Environmental Corporate Reporting under eu Law: Historic Achievement or Just a Moderate Step Forward? Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law, 14(1), 41-75.
Kinderman, D. (2020a). The challenges of upward regulatory harmonization: The case of sustainability reporting in the European Union. Regulation & Governance, 14(4), 674-697.
Kinderman, D. (2020b). The tenuous link between CSR performance and support for regulation: Business associations and Nordic regulatory preferences regarding the corporate transparency law 2014/95/EU. Business and Politics, 22(3), 413-448.
Krasodomska, J., Michalak, J., & ?wietla, K. (2020). Directive 2014/95/EU: Accountants’ understanding and attitude towards mandatory non-financial disclosures in corporate reporting. Meditari Accountancy Research.
Krasodomska, J., Simnett, R., & Street, D. L. (2021). Extended external reporting assurance: Current practices and challenges. Journal of International Financial Management & Accounting, 32(1), 104-142.
Krištofík, P., Lament, M., & Musa, H. (2016). The reporting of non-financial information and the rationale for its standardisation.
Leopizzi, R., Iazzi, A., Venturelli, A., & Principale, S. (2020). Nonfinancial risk disclosure: The “state of the art” of Italian companies. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(1), 358-368.
Liberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P. C., Ioannidis, J. P., . . . Moher, D. (2009). The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. Journal of clinical epidemiology, 62(10), e1-e34.
Loprevite, S., Raucci, D., & Rupo, D. (2020). KPIs reporting and financial performance in the transition to mandatory disclosure: The case of Italy. Sustainability, 12(12), 5195.
Mahoney, L. S., Thorne, L., Cecil, L., & LaGore, W. (2013). A research note on standalone corporate social responsibility reports: Signaling or greenwashing? Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 24(4-5), 350-359.
Malecki, C. (2018). Corporate social responsibility: perspectives for sustainable corporate governance: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Manes-Rossi, F., Tiron-Tudor, A., Nicolò, G., & Zanellato, G. (2018). Ensuring more sustainable reporting in Europe using non-financial disclosure—De facto and de jure evidence. Sustainability, 10(4), 1162.
Masiero, E., Arkhipova, D., Massaro, M., & Bagnoli, C. (2019). Corporate accountability and stakeholder connectivity. A case study. Meditari Accountancy Research.
Matuszak, ?., & Ró?a?ska, E. (2017). CSR disclosure in Polish-listed companies in the light of Directive 2014/95/EU requirements: Empirical evidence. Sustainability, 9(12), 2304.
Mazzotta, R., Bronzetti, G., & Veltri, S. (2020). Are mandatory non?financial disclosures credible? Evidence from Italian listed companies. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(4), 1900-1913.
Merten, D. M. (1998). Research methods in education and psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative and qualitative approaches. Thousand Oaks.
Miniaoui, Z., Chibani, F., & Hussainey, K. (2019). The impact of country?level institutional differences on corporate social responsibility disclosure engagement. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(6), 1307-1320.
Mio, C., Fasan, M., Marcon, C., & Panfilo, S. (2020). The predictive ability of legitimacy and agency theory after the implementation of the EU directive on non?financial information. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 27(6), 2465-2476.
Mion, G., & Loza Adaui, C. R. (2019). Mandatory nonfinancial disclosure and its consequences on the sustainability reporting quality of Italian and German companies. Sustainability, 11(17), 4612.
Mittelbach-Hörmanseder, S., Hummel, K., & Rammerstorfer, M. (2021). The information content of corporate social responsibility disclosure in Europe: an institutional perspective. European Accounting Review, 30(2), 309-348.
Monteiro, A., & Cepêda, C. (2021). Accounting information systems: scientific production and trends in research. Systems, 9(3), 67.
Monteiro, A. P., Aibar-Guzmán, B., Garrido-Ruso, M., & Aibar-Guzmán, C. (2021). Employee-related disclosure: A bibliometric review. Sustainability, 13(10), 5342.
Moraru, R. I., P?UN, A. P., DURA, C. C., Dinulescu, R., & Potcovaru, A.-M. (2020). Analysis of the Drivers of Occupational Health and Safety Performance Disclosures By Romanian Companies. Economic Computation & Economic Cybernetics Studies & Research, 54(3), 197-214.
Nicolò, G., Zanellato, G., & Tiron-Tudor, A. (2020). Integrated reporting and European state-owned enterprises: A disclosure analysis pre and post 2014/95/EU. Sustainability, 12(5), 1908.
O’donovan, G. (2002). Environmental disclosures in the annual report: Extending the applicability and predictive power of legitimacy theory. Accounting, auditing & accountability journal, 15(3), 344-371.
Ogrean, C. (2017). The directive 2014/95/EU–Is there a “new” beginning for CSR in Romania? Studies in Business and Economics, 12(1), 141-147.
Olayinka, A. A. (2022). Financial statement analysis as a tool for investment decisions and assessment of companies’ performance. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 4(1), 49-66.
Omodero, C. (2015). Genesis of accountability and its impact on accounting. Available at SSRN 2626967.
P?un, A. P., Dura, C. C., Mih?ilescu, S., Moraru, R. I., & Isac, C. A. (2020). OHS Disclosures Within Non-Financial Reports: The Romanian Case. Sustainability, 12(5), 1963.
Perši?, M., & Lahorka, H. (2018). Exploring the quality of social information disclosed in non-financial reports of Croatian companies. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 31(1), 2024-2043.
Phornlaphatrachakorn, K. (2019). Internal control quality, accounting information usefulness, regulation compliance, and decision-making success: evidence from canned and processed foods businesses in Thailand. International Journal of Business, 24(2), 198-215.
Pizzi, S., Rosati, F., & Venturelli, A. (2021). The determinants of business contribution to the 2030 Agenda: Introducing the SDG Reporting Score. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(1), 404-421.
Primec, A., & Belak, J. (2018). Towards socially responsible corporate governance with authorities’ interventions. Management: Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, 23(1), 203-219.
Raucci, D., & Tarquinio, L. (2020). Sustainability performance indicators and non-financial information reporting. Evidence from the Italian case. Administrative Sciences, 10(1), 13.
Samosir, D. K. B. M., Murwaningsari, E., Augustine, Y., & Mayangsari, S. (2020). The benefit of green building for cost efficiency. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 1(4), 209-219.
Schwartz, M. S. (2016). Ethical decision-making theory: An integrated approach. Journal of Business Ethics, 139(4), 755-776.
Sierra-Garcia, L., Garcia-Benau, M. A., & Bollas-Araya, H. M. (2018). Empirical analysis of non-financial reporting by Spanish companies. Administrative Sciences, 8(3), 29.
?tef?nescu, C. A., Tiron-Tudor, A., & Moise, E. M. (2021). Eu non-financial reporting research–insights, gaps, patterns and future agenda. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 22(1), 257-276.
Szabó, D. G., & Sørensen, K. E. (2015). New EU directive on the disclosure of non-financial information (CSR). European Company and Financial Law Review, 12(3), 307-340.
Tarquinio, L., Posadas, S. C., & Pedicone, D. (2020). Scoring nonfinancial information reporting in Italian listed companies: a comparison of before and after the legislative decree 254/2016. Sustainability, 12(10), 4158.
Tukur, S., Shehu, J., Mammadi, A., & Sulaiman, U. A. (2019). An assessment of corporate social responsibility of property developers in Bauchi Metropolis, Nigeria. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 1(2), 119-129.
Vale, J., Bertuzi, R., & Monteiro, A. P. (2022). Social responsibility reporting in higher education institutions: A systematic literature review. Research Anthology on Developing Socially Responsible Businesses, 2160-2181.
Veltri, S., De Luca, F., & Phan, H. T. P. (2020). Do investors value companies' mandatory nonfinancial risk disclosure? An empirical analysis of the Italian context after the EU directive. Business Strategy and the Environment, 29(6), 2226-2237.
Venturelli, A., Caputo, F., Cosma, S., Leopizzi, R., & Pizzi, S. (2017). Directive 2014/95/EU: are Italian companies already compliant? Sustainability, 9(8), 1385.
Wozniak, J., & Pactwa, K. (2019). State of non-financial reporting of polish representatives of the mining industry in a sustainable social dimension. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
Zulaecha, H. E., & Murtanto, M. (2019). Foreign ownership and sustainability performance in Indonesia. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 1(1), 1-15.