HIV/AIDS Awareness and the Level of Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Senior High School Students: An Evaluation

Published: Nov 3, 2022

Abstract:

Purpose: The study primarily aimed to assess the level of Senior High School students’ awareness of HIV/AIDS and their sexual risk behaviors in the division of General Santos City and to find out if there is a significant relationship between the two variables.

Research methodology: The research combines qualitative and quantitative methods to explore different phenomena in every aspect of this timely and relevant social issue today- HIV and AIDS. The statistical measure used to test the hypothesis were the Average Percentage, Mean, Z- test, and Pearson Product-moment Correlation.

Results: Findings revealed that awareness of HIV/ AIDS was Fair for both male and female students. Although their level of sexual risk behaviors was Very Low, still it posed a great threat to spreading the virus, especially to male students who are likely to indulge in risky sexual activities compared to female students.

Limitations: This study was limited to the five (5) mega public secondary schools in the division of General Santos City. Variables under investigation were delimited, for awareness of HIV/AIDS focuses only on the transmission myth, attitude, and facts. On the other hand, the sexual risk behaviors variables revolved only around the influence of social media, peer influence, the influence of video content materials, non-self-protection efficacy, and influence of substance use.

Contribution: The study will expose the present condition of the youth’s sexual risk behaviors and their awareness of HIV/AIDS which will be the basis for program implementation and policies to contain the spread of the virus.

Keywords:
1. HIV/AIDS
2. Level of Awareness
3. Senior High School
Authors:
Jomarie Baron
How to Cite
Baron, J. (2022). HIV/AIDS Awareness and the Level of Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Senior High School Students: An Evaluation. Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education, 3(1), 43–55. https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v3i1.1145

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References

    Andrew, P., Bhuiyan, A., Mawson, A., Buxbaum, S., Sung, J., & Shahbazi, M. (2018). HIV/AIDS Knowledge of Undergraduate Students at a Historically Black College and University. Diseases, 6(4), 98.

    Anwar, M., Sulaiman, S. A. S., Ahmadi, K., & Khan, T. M. (2010). Awareness of School Students on Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Their Sexual Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. BMC Public Health.

    Asrat, A. (2014). Assessment of Sexual Risk Behaviors of In-School Youth: Effect of Living Arrangement of Students; West Gojam Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. American Journal of Health Research.

    Boyd, C.O. (2000). Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. In P.L. Munhall & C.O. Boyd (Eds.), Nursing research: A qualitative perspective (2nd ed., 454-475). Boston: Jones & Bartlett.

    Breitmayer, B.J., Ayres, L., & Knafl, K.A. (1993). Triangulation in Qualitative Research: Evaluation of Completeness and Confirmation Purposes. Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship.

    Chaves, C., Bentoa, M., Ferreira, M., Duarte, J. (2013). Knowledge about HIV/AIDS: The influence of lifestyles and self-regulation in adolescents. Eur. J. Couns. Psychol.

    Connell, C., Gilreath, T., Hansen, N. (2009). A multiprocess latent class analysis of the co-occurrence of substance use and sexual risk behavior among adolescents. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs.

    Davis, C., Tang, C. S. K., Chan, S. F. F., & Noel, B. (1999). The development and validation of the International AIDS Questionnaire- Chinese Version (IAQ-C). Educational and psychological measurement. The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods. Chicago: Aldine.

    Fetchenhauser, D. And Rohde, P.A. (2002). Evolutionary personality psychology and victimology – Sex differences in risk attitudes and short-term orientation and their relation to sex differences in victimizations. Evolution and Human Behavior, 23, 233- 244.

    Fleming, C. M., Eisenberg, N., Catalano, R. F., Kosterman, R., Cambron, C., Foster, R.L. (1997). Addressing epistemological and practical issues in multimethod research: a procedure for conceptual triangulation. Advances in Nursing Science.

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    Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic: UNAIDS publication 02-26 E. Geneva: United Nations; 2002.

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    Kazdin, A. E. (1981). Behavior modification in education: Contributions and limitations. Developmental Review, 1(1), 34-57.

    Kelly, M. And Barker, M. (2016). Why is changing health-related behavior so difficult? Public Health. Psychol Bull.

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    Mitchell, E.S. (1986). Multiple triangulation: A Methodology for Nursing Science. Advances in Nursing Science.

    Peterson, J. B., Kaufman, S. B., Quilty, L. C., Grazioplene, R. G., Hirsh, J. B., Gray, J. R., & Deyoung, C. G. (2016). Openness to experience and intellect differentially predict creative achievement in the arts and sciences. Journal of personality, 84(2), 248 58.

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    Tucker, Js., Ryan, Gw., And Golinelli, D. (2012). Substance use and other risk factors for unprotected sex: Results from an event-based study of homeless youth. AIDS and Behavior.

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  2. Anwar, M., Sulaiman, S. A. S., Ahmadi, K., & Khan, T. M. (2010). Awareness of School Students on Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Their Sexual Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. BMC Public Health.
  3. Asrat, A. (2014). Assessment of Sexual Risk Behaviors of In-School Youth: Effect of Living Arrangement of Students; West Gojam Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. American Journal of Health Research.
  4. Boyd, C.O. (2000). Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. In P.L. Munhall & C.O. Boyd (Eds.), Nursing research: A qualitative perspective (2nd ed., 454-475). Boston: Jones & Bartlett.
  5. Breitmayer, B.J., Ayres, L., & Knafl, K.A. (1993). Triangulation in Qualitative Research: Evaluation of Completeness and Confirmation Purposes. Image: Journal of Nursing Scholarship.
  6. Chaves, C., Bentoa, M., Ferreira, M., Duarte, J. (2013). Knowledge about HIV/AIDS: The influence of lifestyles and self-regulation in adolescents. Eur. J. Couns. Psychol.
  7. Connell, C., Gilreath, T., Hansen, N. (2009). A multiprocess latent class analysis of the co-occurrence of substance use and sexual risk behavior among adolescents. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs.
  8. Davis, C., Tang, C. S. K., Chan, S. F. F., & Noel, B. (1999). The development and validation of the International AIDS Questionnaire- Chinese Version (IAQ-C). Educational and psychological measurement. The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods. Chicago: Aldine.
  9. Fetchenhauser, D. And Rohde, P.A. (2002). Evolutionary personality psychology and victimology – Sex differences in risk attitudes and short-term orientation and their relation to sex differences in victimizations. Evolution and Human Behavior, 23, 233- 244.
  10. Fleming, C. M., Eisenberg, N., Catalano, R. F., Kosterman, R., Cambron, C., Foster, R.L. (1997). Addressing epistemological and practical issues in multimethod research: a procedure for conceptual triangulation. Advances in Nursing Science.
  11. Gay, L. R. (1996). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Application. Beverly Hill, CA: Sage Publications.
  12. Haroun, D., El Saleh, O., Wood, L., Mechli, R., Al Marzouqi, N., & Anouti, S. (2016). Assessing knowledge of, and attitudes to, HIV/AIDS among university students in the United Arab Emirates.
  13. Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic: UNAIDS publication 02-26 E. Geneva: United Nations; 2002.
  14. Kamarudin K. (2003). A Study of Premarital Sexual Activity among Secondary School Students in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Dissertation for Master of Medicine (Family Medicine). Universiti Sains Malaysia.
  15. Kazdin, A. E. (1981). Behavior modification in education: Contributions and limitations. Developmental Review, 1(1), 34-57.
  16. Kelly, M. And Barker, M. (2016). Why is changing health-related behavior so difficult? Public Health. Psychol Bull.
  17. Madkour, As., Farhat, T., Halpern, Ct., Godeau, E., Gabhainn, Sn. (2010). Early adolescent sexual initiation as a problem behavior: A comparative study of five nations. Journal of Adolescent Health.
  18. Mitchell, E.S. (1986). Multiple triangulation: A Methodology for Nursing Science. Advances in Nursing Science.
  19. Peterson, J. B., Kaufman, S. B., Quilty, L. C., Grazioplene, R. G., Hirsh, J. B., Gray, J. R., & Deyoung, C. G. (2016). Openness to experience and intellect differentially predict creative achievement in the arts and sciences. Journal of personality, 84(2), 248 58.
  20. Shiferaw, Y., Alemu, A., Girma, A., Getahun, A., Kassa, A., Gashaw, A., & Gelaw, B. (2011). Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and risk behaviors towards HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections among preparatory students of Gondar town, North West Ethiopia. BMC research notes.
  21. Tucker, Js., Ryan, Gw., And Golinelli, D. (2012). Substance use and other risk factors for unprotected sex: Results from an event-based study of homeless youth. AIDS and Behavior.