Assessment of the national drug education program implementation in region XII, Philippines

https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v5i4.2806
Published: Aug 19, 2025

Abstract:

Purpose: This study assessed the level of implementation of the National Drug Education Program (NDEP) and the extent of stakeholder engagement in the Barkada Kontra Droga (BKD) initiatives in Region XII. It also examined the relationship between these two components to support the development of continuity programs in school-based drug prevention.

Methodology/approach: A descriptive-correlational design was employed using a validated, researcher-made questionnaire administered to 388 school heads and NDEP coordinators across eight divisions in Region XII. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Spearman’s rank correlation.

Results/findings: The NDEP was highly implemented across curriculum and instruction, co-curricular activities, teacher and staff involvement, parent education, and research evaluation. Stakeholder engagement in BKD was also reported to a great extent, particularly in implementation and campaign initiatives. A strong positive correlation (r = 0.68, p = 0.000) was found between NDEP implementation and stakeholder engagement.

Conclutions: Greater NDEP implementation appears to support stronger stakeholder involvement in BKD initiatives. School-community collaboration remains central to sustaining preventive education.

Limitations: The study was limited to school heads and NDEP coordinators and relied on self-reported data from a single time point. Future studies should include broader stakeholders and track long-term outcomes.

Contribution: The study affirms the importance of strengthening implementation strategies to encourage broader participation in drug prevention efforts across schools and communities.

Keywords:
1. Barkada Kontra Droga
2. Correlational Study
3. Drug Prevention
4. National Drug Education Program
5. Stakeholder Engagement
6. Region XII
Authors:
1 . Hermer Tidalgo
Mindanao State University, Philippines
2 . Precy Regalado
Mindanao State University, Philippines
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How to Cite
Tidalgo, H. ., & Regalado, P. (2025). Assessment of the national drug education program implementation in region XII, Philippines. Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education, 5(4), 403–415. https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v5i4.2806
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Issue & Section
Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): August
Articles
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References

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  2. Aks, D. A. (2023). Strategic Planning Based on Social Capital in Social Rehabilitation Services to Victims of Drug Abuse (Study at Non-Government Institutions Pesona Kota Bengkulu). Russian Law Journal, 11(3), 2823-2839.
  3. Alharbi, F. R., & Csala, D. (2022). A seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average with exogenous factors (SARIMAX) forecasting model-based time series approach. Inventions, 7(4), 94. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions7040094
  4. Baron, J. (2022). HIV/AIDS Awareness and the Level of Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Senior High School Students: An Evaluation. Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education, 3(1), 43-55. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v3i1.1145
  5. Baron, J. V. (2024). Climate change awareness and adaptation by rice farmers in Surallah, South Cotabato. Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education, 4(3), 193-204. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v4i3.1854
  6. Baron, J. V. (2024). Predictive Role of Innovation Strategies on Organizational Performance among State Universities and Colleges in Region XII, Philippines. TWIST, 19(3), 835-840.
  7. Baron, J. V., & Cruz, J. A. D. (2023). The spiral progression approach in teaching science: Its Volatilities, Uncertainties, Complexities, and Ambiguities (VUCA). Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education, 3(2), 89-103. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v3i2.1194
  8. Constantinou, C., & Wijnen-Meijer, M. (2022). Student evaluations of teaching and the development of a comprehensive measure of teaching effectiveness for medical schools. BMC Medical Education, 22(1), 113. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03148-6
  9. Cress, C. M., Collier, P. J., & Reitenauer, V. L. (2023). Learning through serving: A student guidebook for service-learning and civic engagement across academic disciplines and cultural communities: Taylor & Francis.
  10. Garcia-Cerde, R., Valente, J. Y., & Sanchez, Z. M. (2024). Effects on secondary outcomes of the Brazilian version of the European unplugged drug use prevention program: drug knowledge, intention predictors, and life skill competencies. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 31(3), 289-299. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2022.2161347
  11. Geesa, R. L., Mayes, R. D., Lowery, K. P., Quick, M. M., Boyland, L. G., Kim, J., . . . McDonald, K. M. (2022). Increasing partnerships in educational leadership and school counseling: A framework for collaborative school principal and school counselor preparation and support. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 25(6), 876-899. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2020.1787525
  12. Hakimi, M., Quchi, M. M., Hasas, A., & Fazil, A. W. (2024). The Transformative Power of Information and Communication Technology in Empowering Women in Afghanistan. Journal of Social Science Utilizing Technology, 2(1), 15-27. doi:https://doi.org/10.70177/jssut.v2i1.702
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  15. Jauhiainen, J. S., & Guerra, A. G. (2023). Generative AI and ChatGPT in school children’s education: Evidence from a school lesson. Sustainability, 15(18), 14025. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su151814025
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  21. Maha, C. C., Kolawole, T. O., & Abdul, S. (2024). Innovative community-based strategies to combat adolescent substance use in urban areas of the US and Africa. International Journal of Applied Research in Social Sciences, 6(6), 1048-1067. doi:https://doi.org/10.51594/ijarss.v6i6.1173
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  28. Reyes, J. P. (2020). Project ENTABLADO: A Basis for Promoting the Drug Abuse Prevention Advocacy and Practices. IOER International Research Journal, 2(1).
  29. Sanchez, Z. M., Valente, J. Y., Sanudo, A., Pereira, A. P. D., Cruz, J. I., Schneider, D., & Andreoni, S. (2017). The# Tamojunto drug prevention program in Brazilian schools: a randomized controlled trial. Prevention Science, 18, 772-782. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-017-0770-8
  30. Siagian, F. S. (2023). Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Penanam Ganja Berdasarkan Undang-Undang tentang Narkotika. Kajian Ilmiah Hukum dan Kenegaraan, 2(2), 65-78. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/KIHAN.v2i2.2
  31. Star, T. P. (2016). DARE Philippines leads fight to keep kids away from drugs. Retrieved from https://www.philstar.com/other-sections/the-good-news/2016/01/24/1545945/dare-philippines-leads-fight-keep-kids-away-drugs
  32. Thondoo, M., Mogo, E. R., Tatah, L., Muti, M., van Daalen, K. R., Muzenda, T., . . . Yue, A. (2024). Multisectoral interventions for urban health in Africa: a mixed-methods systematic review. Global health action, 17(1), 2325726. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2024.2325726
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