Exploring the practices of secondary school teachers in preparing for classroom observation amidst the new normal of education
Abstract:
Purpose: This study aimed to explore the practices of secondary public school teachers in preparing for classroom observation amidst the new normal of education. The emphasis of this study was drawn from the central question, "What are the practices of secondary public school teachers in preparing for classroom observation amidst the new normal of education?".
Research Methodology: This study used a qualitative research design. It employed a phenomenology design to explore the practices of secondary public school teachers in preparing the new normal classroom observation.
Results: Teachers believe that classroom observation is a measuring tool for achieving their professional goals or performance level. They also think that classroom observation can evaluate and assess the students' learning outcomes effectively and efficiently.
Limitations: This study was limited to 22 secondary public school teachers in Cagayan, Philippines.
Contribution: It can be helpful for teachers to improve their teaching techniques, strategies, methods, and instructional materials to be used amid this new normal of education.
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Adnan, M., & Anwar, K. (2020). Online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Students perspectives. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology, 1(2), 45-51. https://doi.org/10.33902/jpsp.2020261309
Ali, W., & Kaur, M. (2020). Mediating educational challenges amidst covid-19 pandemic. Asia Pacific Institute of Advanced Research, 6(2), 40-57. https://apiar.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/4_APJCECT_V6_I2_2020_pp.40-57.pdf
Arrieta, G. S., Dancel, J. C., & Agbisit, M. P. (2020). Teaching Science in The New Normal: Understanding The Experiences of Junior High School Science Teachers. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 21(2), 146-162. http://jurnal.fkip.unila.ac.id/index.php/jpmipa/article/view/21460
Barrera, K. I., Jaminal, B., & Arcilla, F. J. (2020). Readiness for flexible learning amidst COVID 19 pandemic of Saint Michael college of Caraga, Philippines. SMCC Higher Education Research Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.18868/cte.02.060120.01
Barrogo, S.D. (2020). Teachers' Perception of Standardized Classroom Observation Tool. International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR), 4(7), 1-5. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.16123.13603
Butron, V. (2021). Responsiveness, Emotions, and Tasks of Teachers in the New Normal of Education in the Philippines. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 2(4), 310-315. https://www.ijrpr.com/uploads/V2ISSUE4/IJRPR378.pdf
Cabigao, J. R. (2021). Class Observation Post-Conference Framework for Teachers. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research, 5(2), 256-258. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349692651_Class_Observation_Post-Conference_Framework_for_Teachers
Cahapay, M. B. (2020). Philippine basic education learning continuity plan: Creating space for Indigenous Peoples toward inclusive post-COVID-19 education. International Journal of Pedagogical Development and Lifelong Learning, 2(1), ep2102. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346474579_Philippine_Basic_Education_Learning_Continuity_Plan_Creating_Space_for_Indigenous_Peoples_toward_Inclusive_post-COVID-19_Education
Castillo, E. C. (2021). Adjusting to the New Normal Education: Perceptions and Experiences of Fellow Junior High School Teachers on the Conduct of Class Observation this COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research, 5(4), 41-44. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Eleanor-Castillo-2/publication/350515482_Adjusting_to_the_New_Normal_Education_Perceptions_and_Experiences_of_Fellow_Junior_High_School_Teachers_on_the_Conduct_of_Class_Observation_this_COVID-19_Pandemic/
Colors-NewYork. (2019). How do school buildings affect learning? Colors-NewYork.com – Reconstructing the story of humanity's past. https://colors-newyork.com/how-do-school-buildings-affect-learning/
Department of Education. (2021). [DM-PHROD-2021-0010] guidelines on the implementation of RPMS for SY2020-2021_signed.pdf. Google Docs. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wm6qwntEPMqP-5ZWjk1CrkZMmZbLbkj4/view
Department of Education. (2021). RM-s2021-024 - DepEd Region VIII. DepEd Region VIII. https://region8.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/RM-s2021-024.pdf
Department of Education. (2020, July 22). Ano ang pwedeng learning delivery modality? https://www.deped.gov.ph/2020/07/22/ano-ang-pwedeng-learning-delivery-modality/
Department of Education. (2015, February 6). February 6, 2015 DO 2, S. 2015 – Guidelines on the establishment and implementation of the results-based performance management system (RPMS) in the Department of Education. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2015/02/06/do-2-s-2015-guidelines-on-the-establishment-and-implementation-of-the-results-based-performance-management-system-rpms-in-the-department-of-education/
De Villa, J., & Manalo, F. K. (2020). Secondary teachers' preparation, challenges, and Coping mechanism in the pre-implementation of Distance learning in the new normal. IOER International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 2(3), 1-11. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Franz-Manalo/publication/344599746_Secondary_Teachers'_Preparation_Challenges_and_Coping_Mechanism_in_the_Pre_-Implementation_of_Distance_Learning_in_the_New_Normal/links/5f836d9d299bf1b53e20bc8d/Secondary-Teachers-Preparation-Challenges-and-Coping-Mechanism-in-the-Pre-Implementation-of-Distance-Learning-in-the-New-Normal.pdf
Dizon, A. D., San Pedro, A. B., Munsayac, M. M., Padilla, J., & Pascual, M. C. (2018). Level of implementation of the results-based performance management system in the Department of Education division of gapan city, Philippines. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 6(1), 484-503. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i1.2018.1658
EdSurge. (2019, October 2). The importance of videos for teaching and learning. Giving Compass. https://givingcompass.org/article/the-importance-of-videos-for-teaching-and-learning/
Friyanto, A., Prasetyo, I., & Albar, C. N. (2020). Technology-based education. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1764 (2021) 012193. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1764/1/012193/pdf
Garcia, R. E., Narca, J. A., Narca, J. A., Mariano, L. K., & Fronda, J. G. (2020). Analysis of senior high school -accountancy, business and management Strand teachers performance. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 8(1), 131-137. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i1.2020.260
Graham, C. R. "Current Research in Blended Learning." In M. G. Moore and W. C. Diehl (Eds), Handbooks of Distance Learning (4th, 2019, pp. 173-188). New York NY: Routledge.
Griffiths, B. (2016). A Faculty's Approach to Distance Learning Standardization. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 11(4), 157–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2016.04.004
Guo, Y., Cao, Q., Hong, Z., Tan, Y., Chen, S., Jin, H., Tan, K., Wang, D., & Yan, Y. (2020). The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak – an update on the status. Military Medical Research, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0
Halim, S., Wahid, R.A., & Halim, T. (2018). Classroom observation- A powerful tool for continuous professional development (Cpd). International Journal on Language, Research and Education Studies, 2(2), 162-168. https://doi.org/10.30575/2017/ijlres-2018050801
Hernando-Malipot. (2020, July 3). DepEd: Most students prefer 'modular' learning over online. Manila Bulletin. https://mb.com.ph/2020/07/03/deped-most-students-prefer-modular-learning-over-online/
Impoff. (2020, November 20). Importance of lesson plan and effective lesson planning. IMPOFF. https://impoff.com/importance-of-lesson-plan/IvyPanda. (2019, June 3). Classroom observation theory - 852 words | Research paper example. Free Essays. https://ivypanda.com/essays/classroom-observation-theory/
Johnson, N., List-Ivankovic, J., Eboh, W., Ireland, J., Adams, D., Mowatt, E., & Martindale, S. (2010). Research and evidence based practice: Using a blended approach to teaching and learning in undergraduate nurse education. Nurse Education in Practice, 10(1), 43-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2009.03.012
Joshi, A., Vinay, M., & Bhaskar, P. (2020). Online Teaching amidst COVID-19 in India: An Outlook. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(2), 105 111. http://www.asianjde.com/ojs/index.php/AsianJDE/article/view/454
Kaur, G. (2020). Digital Life: Boon or bane in teaching sector on COVID-19. CLIO an Annual Interdisciplinary Journal of History, 6(6), 416-427
Kean University. (2021). Effective lesson planning, delivery techniques. Kean University. https://www.kean.edu/~tpc/Classroom%20Management/EFFECTIVE%20LESSON%20PLANNING%20&%20Classroom%20Mgmt.htm
Lawless, C. (2020, November 12). Synchronous vs asynchronous learning: Which is right for your learners? LearnUpon. https://www.learnupon.com/blog/synchronous-learning-asynchronous-learning/
Lieberman. (2006, July 14). What can we learn from playing interactive games? ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285448990_What_Can_We_Learn_From_Playing_Interactive_Games
Life Learners Academy. (2018, June 19). The importance of ict in education. Life Learners Limited. https://lifelearners.ng/the-importance-of-ict-in-education/
ONVU Learning. (2021, March 16). What will lesson observation look like in the new normal? ONVULearning. https://www.onvulearning.com/blogs/lesson-observation-in-the-new-normal
Pecoraro. (2020, November 12). 6 benefits of quality education for students. Student Caring - Helping Parents, Professors and Their College Students Achieve Success. https://www.studentcaring.com/6-benefits-quality-education-students/
Sweet, K. (2020). What is an educational module? Classroom. https://classroom.synonym.com/what-educational-module-4739884.html
Education World. (2021). Teachers observing teachers: A professional development tool for every school. Education World | Connecting educators to what works. https://www.educationworld.com/a_admin/admin/admin297.shtml The importance of videos for teaching and learning. (2019, October 2). Giving Compass. https://givingcompass.org/article/the-importance-of-videos-for-teaching-and-learning/
ICTE Solutions. (2020). The |Importance of ICT in Education|. https://www.ictesolutions.com.au/blog/why-schools-should-invest-in-ict/ The importance of project monitoring. (2020, February 17).
ISpring. (2021). Top 8 advantages of using video presentations in teaching. eLearning Software: LMS and Authoring Tool | iSpring. https://www.ispringsolutions.com/articles/key-advantages-of-video-lectures
Tupas, F. P., & Linas-Laguda, M. (2020). Blended learning – An approach in Philippine basic education curriculum in new normal: A review of current literature. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(11), 5505-5512. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.081154
Wairimu, M. J. (2016). Teachers' Perception on Classroom Observation and Checking of Pupils' Exercise Books by Head Teachers on Performance of Duty in Primary Schools in Nakuru North District, Kenya. Journal of Education & Social Policy, 3(3), 1-8.
- Adnan, M., & Anwar, K. (2020). Online learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Students perspectives. Journal of Pedagogical Sociology and Psychology, 1(2), 45-51. https://doi.org/10.33902/jpsp.2020261309
- Ali, W., & Kaur, M. (2020). Mediating educational challenges amidst covid-19 pandemic. Asia Pacific Institute of Advanced Research, 6(2), 40-57. https://apiar.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/4_APJCECT_V6_I2_2020_pp.40-57.pdf
- Arrieta, G. S., Dancel, J. C., & Agbisit, M. P. (2020). Teaching Science in The New Normal: Understanding The Experiences of Junior High School Science Teachers. Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA, 21(2), 146-162. http://jurnal.fkip.unila.ac.id/index.php/jpmipa/article/view/21460
- Barrera, K. I., Jaminal, B., & Arcilla, F. J. (2020). Readiness for flexible learning amidst COVID 19 pandemic of Saint Michael college of Caraga, Philippines. SMCC Higher Education Research Journal, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.18868/cte.02.060120.01
- Barrogo, S.D. (2020). Teachers' Perception of Standardized Classroom Observation Tool. International Journal of Academic Pedagogical Research (IJAPR), 4(7), 1-5. https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.16123.13603
- Butron, V. (2021). Responsiveness, Emotions, and Tasks of Teachers in the New Normal of Education in the Philippines. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, 2(4), 310-315. https://www.ijrpr.com/uploads/V2ISSUE4/IJRPR378.pdf
- Cabigao, J. R. (2021). Class Observation Post-Conference Framework for Teachers. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research, 5(2), 256-258. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349692651_Class_Observation_Post-Conference_Framework_for_Teachers
- Cahapay, M. B. (2020). Philippine basic education learning continuity plan: Creating space for Indigenous Peoples toward inclusive post-COVID-19 education. International Journal of Pedagogical Development and Lifelong Learning, 2(1), ep2102. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346474579_Philippine_Basic_Education_Learning_Continuity_Plan_Creating_Space_for_Indigenous_Peoples_toward_Inclusive_post-COVID-19_Education
- Castillo, E. C. (2021). Adjusting to the New Normal Education: Perceptions and Experiences of Fellow Junior High School Teachers on the Conduct of Class Observation this COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research, 5(4), 41-44. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Eleanor-Castillo-2/publication/350515482_Adjusting_to_the_New_Normal_Education_Perceptions_and_Experiences_of_Fellow_Junior_High_School_Teachers_on_the_Conduct_of_Class_Observation_this_COVID-19_Pandemic/
- Colors-NewYork. (2019). How do school buildings affect learning? Colors-NewYork.com – Reconstructing the story of humanity's past. https://colors-newyork.com/how-do-school-buildings-affect-learning/
- Department of Education. (2021). [DM-PHROD-2021-0010] guidelines on the implementation of RPMS for SY2020-2021_signed.pdf. Google Docs. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wm6qwntEPMqP-5ZWjk1CrkZMmZbLbkj4/view
- Department of Education. (2021). RM-s2021-024 - DepEd Region VIII. DepEd Region VIII. https://region8.deped.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/RM-s2021-024.pdf
- Department of Education. (2020, July 22). Ano ang pwedeng learning delivery modality? https://www.deped.gov.ph/2020/07/22/ano-ang-pwedeng-learning-delivery-modality/
- Department of Education. (2015, February 6). February 6, 2015 DO 2, S. 2015 – Guidelines on the establishment and implementation of the results-based performance management system (RPMS) in the Department of Education. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2015/02/06/do-2-s-2015-guidelines-on-the-establishment-and-implementation-of-the-results-based-performance-management-system-rpms-in-the-department-of-education/
- De Villa, J., & Manalo, F. K. (2020). Secondary teachers' preparation, challenges, and Coping mechanism in the pre-implementation of Distance learning in the new normal. IOER International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 2(3), 1-11. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Franz-Manalo/publication/344599746_Secondary_Teachers'_Preparation_Challenges_and_Coping_Mechanism_in_the_Pre_-Implementation_of_Distance_Learning_in_the_New_Normal/links/5f836d9d299bf1b53e20bc8d/Secondary-Teachers-Preparation-Challenges-and-Coping-Mechanism-in-the-Pre-Implementation-of-Distance-Learning-in-the-New-Normal.pdf
- Dizon, A. D., San Pedro, A. B., Munsayac, M. M., Padilla, J., & Pascual, M. C. (2018). Level of implementation of the results-based performance management system in the Department of Education division of gapan city, Philippines. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 6(1), 484-503. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i1.2018.1658
- EdSurge. (2019, October 2). The importance of videos for teaching and learning. Giving Compass. https://givingcompass.org/article/the-importance-of-videos-for-teaching-and-learning/
- Friyanto, A., Prasetyo, I., & Albar, C. N. (2020). Technology-based education. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1764 (2021) 012193. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1764/1/012193/pdf
- Garcia, R. E., Narca, J. A., Narca, J. A., Mariano, L. K., & Fronda, J. G. (2020). Analysis of senior high school -accountancy, business and management Strand teachers performance. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH, 8(1), 131-137. https://doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i1.2020.260
- Graham, C. R. "Current Research in Blended Learning." In M. G. Moore and W. C. Diehl (Eds), Handbooks of Distance Learning (4th, 2019, pp. 173-188). New York NY: Routledge.
- Griffiths, B. (2016). A Faculty's Approach to Distance Learning Standardization. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 11(4), 157–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2016.04.004
- Guo, Y., Cao, Q., Hong, Z., Tan, Y., Chen, S., Jin, H., Tan, K., Wang, D., & Yan, Y. (2020). The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak – an update on the status. Military Medical Research, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0
- Halim, S., Wahid, R.A., & Halim, T. (2018). Classroom observation- A powerful tool for continuous professional development (Cpd). International Journal on Language, Research and Education Studies, 2(2), 162-168. https://doi.org/10.30575/2017/ijlres-2018050801
- Hernando-Malipot. (2020, July 3). DepEd: Most students prefer 'modular' learning over online. Manila Bulletin. https://mb.com.ph/2020/07/03/deped-most-students-prefer-modular-learning-over-online/
- Impoff. (2020, November 20). Importance of lesson plan and effective lesson planning. IMPOFF. https://impoff.com/importance-of-lesson-plan/IvyPanda. (2019, June 3). Classroom observation theory - 852 words | Research paper example. Free Essays. https://ivypanda.com/essays/classroom-observation-theory/
- Johnson, N., List-Ivankovic, J., Eboh, W., Ireland, J., Adams, D., Mowatt, E., & Martindale, S. (2010). Research and evidence based practice: Using a blended approach to teaching and learning in undergraduate nurse education. Nurse Education in Practice, 10(1), 43-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2009.03.012
- Joshi, A., Vinay, M., & Bhaskar, P. (2020). Online Teaching amidst COVID-19 in India: An Outlook. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(2), 105 111. http://www.asianjde.com/ojs/index.php/AsianJDE/article/view/454
- Kaur, G. (2020). Digital Life: Boon or bane in teaching sector on COVID-19. CLIO an Annual Interdisciplinary Journal of History, 6(6), 416-427
- Kean University. (2021). Effective lesson planning, delivery techniques. Kean University. https://www.kean.edu/~tpc/Classroom%20Management/EFFECTIVE%20LESSON%20PLANNING%20&%20Classroom%20Mgmt.htm
- Lawless, C. (2020, November 12). Synchronous vs asynchronous learning: Which is right for your learners? LearnUpon. https://www.learnupon.com/blog/synchronous-learning-asynchronous-learning/
- Lieberman. (2006, July 14). What can we learn from playing interactive games? ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285448990_What_Can_We_Learn_From_Playing_Interactive_Games
- Life Learners Academy. (2018, June 19). The importance of ict in education. Life Learners Limited. https://lifelearners.ng/the-importance-of-ict-in-education/
- ONVU Learning. (2021, March 16). What will lesson observation look like in the new normal? ONVULearning. https://www.onvulearning.com/blogs/lesson-observation-in-the-new-normal
- Pecoraro. (2020, November 12). 6 benefits of quality education for students. Student Caring - Helping Parents, Professors and Their College Students Achieve Success. https://www.studentcaring.com/6-benefits-quality-education-students/
- Sweet, K. (2020). What is an educational module? Classroom. https://classroom.synonym.com/what-educational-module-4739884.html
- Education World. (2021). Teachers observing teachers: A professional development tool for every school. Education World | Connecting educators to what works. https://www.educationworld.com/a_admin/admin/admin297.shtml The importance of videos for teaching and learning. (2019, October 2). Giving Compass. https://givingcompass.org/article/the-importance-of-videos-for-teaching-and-learning/
- ICTE Solutions. (2020). The |Importance of ICT in Education|. https://www.ictesolutions.com.au/blog/why-schools-should-invest-in-ict/ The importance of project monitoring. (2020, February 17).
- ISpring. (2021). Top 8 advantages of using video presentations in teaching. eLearning Software: LMS and Authoring Tool | iSpring. https://www.ispringsolutions.com/articles/key-advantages-of-video-lectures
- Tupas, F. P., & Linas-Laguda, M. (2020). Blended learning – An approach in Philippine basic education curriculum in new normal: A review of current literature. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(11), 5505-5512. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.081154
- Wairimu, M. J. (2016). Teachers' Perception on Classroom Observation and Checking of Pupils' Exercise Books by Head Teachers on Performance of Duty in Primary Schools in Nakuru North District, Kenya. Journal of Education & Social Policy, 3(3), 1-8.