Analysis of borehole water accessibility in Samaru Community, Zaria Metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria

https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v2i1.861
Published: Nov 26, 2021

Abstract:

Purpose: This study is aimed at analyzing the water accessibility in Samaru Community, Zaria Metropolis, in Nigeria with a borehole as the center for attraction.

Research methodology: Questionnaires, interview, and observation methods were applied in data collection and systematic sampling was adopted in selecting the respondents. The questionnaires were administered from January 2021 to August 2021.

Results: The results revealed that the hand pump borehole was the major source of water supply in the study area with 71%. The consumption of water per capita of the majority of respondents, 61%, was less than 30 liters against WHO standards. Then, 59% of respondents cover a distance of between 1-2 km to get access to their water supply. Findings further revealed that cooking use of borehole water was 38% against drinking that is 24%. Additionally, some water-borne diseases like typhoid fever and cholera were reported in some cases.

Limitation: The issue at hand virtually affects the whole of the metropolis but eight researchers could not cover all sections because of the limitation of time.

Contribution: Research on the provision of clean water and sanitation cannot be overemphasized as they are objective six of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) because of their importance in life.

Keywords:
1. Accessibility
2. Borehole
3. Water
4. Samaru Community
5. Zaria Metropolis
Authors:
1 . Abdulkadir Yahaya Muhammed
Kaduna State University, Kaduna
2 . Hajara Salahudeen
Federal College of Education, Zaria
3 . Adenike Moriliat Saliu
Federal College of Education, Zaria
4 . Salamatu Suleiman
Federal College of Education, Zaria
5 . Joseph Adeku Maliki
Federal College of Education, Zaria
6 . Joseph Mataru Kawai
Federal College of Education, Zaria
7 . Imran Hari
Federal College of Education, Zaria
8 . Ojeoma Faith Linus
Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria
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How to Cite
Muhammed, A. Y., Salahudeen, H., Saliu, A. M., Suleiman, S., Maliki, J. A., Kawai, J. M., Hari, I., & Linus, O. F. (2021). Analysis of borehole water accessibility in Samaru Community, Zaria Metropolis, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education, 2(1), 67–84. https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v2i1.861
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Vol. 2 No. 1 (2021): November
Articles
References

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    www.abu.edu.ng

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  2. Akpoborie, T., Egbo, S. H. O., Ebenuwa C. C. and Emeshili, E. M. (2008). Comparative Study of the Satchet Water in Asaba Metropolis, South-South, Nigeria. Book of Proceeding of International Conference of the Chemical Society of Nigeria held in Effurun, Delta State.
  3. Amoo, A.O., Adeleye, A.O., Bate, G.B., Okunola, I. A. & Hambali, I.B. (2018). Water Quality Assessment of Selected Boreholes in Federal University, Dutse, Northwest, Nigeria. Journal of Microbiology Research 3(2), 20;26.
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  6. Chapman. (2006). Drinking water. Watershed. Assessment Response Information Sheet.
  7. Cuss, R.J. & Holloway, R.F. (2003). Experimental Observations of the Mechanics of Borehole Failure in Porous Sandstone. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Minning Sciences, 40 (5), 747-761.
  8. Danert, K. (2015). Manual Drilling Compendium Rural Water Supply Network; Skat: St Gallen, Switzerland, p. 40.
  9. Danert, K. Adelike, D. & Gesti-Canuto, J. (2019). Manually Drilled Boreholes Providing Water in Nigeria’s Megacity of Lagos and Beyond; Skat Foundation: Gallen, Switzerland; Available online: https://www.rural-water-supply.net/en/resources/details/618 (accessed on 15 December 2019).
  10. Daniel, E.O. & Daodu, A.A. (2016). Bacteriological Analysis of Sachet Water Vended in Ugor, Benin City, Nigeria. SAU Sci-tech Journal, 1 (1) ISSN-2536-8866.
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  14. Haruna, A. Uzaini, A. & Harrison, G. F. S. (2008). Evaluation of Water Quality of Shallow Tube Wells of Some Fadama Lands in Zaria City, Nigeria. Book of Proceedings of the International Conference of the Chemical Society of Nigeria held in Effurun, Delta State.
  15. Ibrahim, S.A., Memon, F.A. & Buttler, D. (2020). Seasonal Variation of Rainy and Dry Season Per Capita Water Consumption in Freetown City, Sierra Leone. Journal water, 13 (4), 499.
  16. Ishaku, T.H., Hussain, A.M., Dama, M.F., Zemba, A.A & Peters, A.A. (2010). Planning for sustainable watersupply through partnership approach in Wukari town, Taraba State of Nigeria. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 2:916-922.
  17. Kane, C.H. & Danert, K. (2020). Manual Drilling in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Reaching the Tipping Point within a Decade; Technical Report; Rural Water Supply Network (RWSN): St. Gallen, Switzerland.
  18. Martinez-Santos, P., Martin-Loeches, M., Diaz-Alcaide, S. and Danert, K. (2020). Manual Borehole Drilling as a Cost-Effective Solutionfor Drinking Water Access in Low-Income Contexts. Water, 12, 1981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071981
  19. Mesa, D. A. G., Chica, J.,L., Bastos, R., Bonamigo, R. & Duquia, R, P. (2014). Epidemiology and Biostatistics Applied Dermatology https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20143705
  20. Mortimore, M. J. (1970). Zaria and its Regions. Ed. Occasional publication, department of Geography, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
  21. National Population Census (1991). Comprehensive Result of 1991 Population census. Retrieved on November 15, 2013, from www.google.com
  22. National Population Commission (NPC) (2006). Census
  23. Ogundele, J.O. (2010). Physico-chemical and metal analysis of water samples from Akure, Nigeria. Ecoservices International.
  24. Okeola, F. O., Kolawole, O. D. and Ameen, O. M. (2010). Comparative Study of Physico-chemical Parameters of Water from a River and Its Surrounding Wells for Possible Interactive Effect. Advances in Environmental Biology, 4 (3):336-344.
  25. Osunkiyesi, A.A (2012) Physicochemical analysis of Ogun River (water samples) within two locations (Akin-Olugbade and Lafenwa) in Aboekuta, Ogun State. IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry.1 (4):24-27.
  26. Popkin, B., Anci, DK. & Rosenberg, I. (2010). Water, Hydration and Health. Nutr Rev, 68 (8), 439-458.
  27. Ranjan, R. (2010). Help Ranjan end the water crises. accessed from www.charitywater.org
  28. Safe Drinking Water is Essential (2016). Why is Safe Water Essential?
  29. Shittu, O.B., Olaitan, J.O. and Amusa, T.S. (2008). Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Analyses of Water Used for Drinking and Swimming Purposes in Abeokuta, Nigeria. African Journal of Biomedical Research, 11 (2008), 285-290.
  30. Shymala, R., Shanthi, M, and Lalitha,P. (2008). Physico-chemical Analysis of Borewell Water Samples of Telungupalayam Area in Coimbatore district, Tamilnadu, India.E-journal of Chemistry, 5 (4):924-929.
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  32. Spain National Statistics (2012). Per capita daily consumption in Spain 2000-2018. Accessed from statista.com
  33. Suthra, S., Bishori, P., Singh, S., Mutiyar, P.K & Patil, N.S. (2009). Nitrate contamination in groundwater of some rural areas of Rajasthan, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian institute of Technology, New Delhi, India, 111-135.
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