Investigating the Relationship between School Culture and Academic Enthusiasm with Academic Hope and Motivation in High School Students

https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v3i1.940
Published: Nov 2, 2022

Abstract:

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between school culture and academic enthusiasm with academic hope and motivation in high school students.

Research methodology: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and is among the descriptive studies of correlation type. The statistical population includes all high school students in Zahak city,whose number in the academic year 2021-2022 is 1324 people.Using Morgan table and Cochran's formula, 297 students were selected by statistical random sampling as a statistical sample.To prevent statistical sample loss and better adequacy, a sample of 320 questionnaires was distributed by multi-stage random cluster sampling method.

Results: The results of the analysis showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between academic motivation and students' academic enthusiasm.The intensity of this relationship is very strong and academic motivation has the power to predict academic enthusiasm. There is no significant relationship between school culture and academic motivation and school culture does not have the power to predict academic motivation.

Limitations: What should be considered by school parents is to pay attention to creating a correct and flexible culture in school, because each student spends more than half of his time in school and is exposed to school relationships and culture, and these relationships over time.

Contribution: Among the limitations of the research are the lack of sufficient scientific content around the research variables,the lack of cooperation of some schools in the implementation of the questionnaire and the limitation in the generalizability of the results of this research.

Keywords:
1. school culture
2. academic hope
3. academic self-concept
4. students
Authors:
1 . Sophia Khaneghahi
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan, Iran
2 . Sajad Sefatgol
PhD Student, Educational Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Iran
3 . Malihe Siyasar
PhD Student, Educational Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Iran
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Khaneghahi, S., Sefatgol, S., & Siyasar, M. (2022). Investigating the Relationship between School Culture and Academic Enthusiasm with Academic Hope and Motivation in High School Students. Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education, 3(1), 29–41. https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v3i1.940
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Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): November
Articles
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References

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    Abbaszadeh M, Alizadeh M B, Kohey K, Alipoor P.(2014). Different Capitals The Missing Link In Explaining The Students Happiness. refahj.; 13 (51) :215-244

    Andrei, C; Patricia, I. V; Valentina, Z. (2014). Comparative study between study tracks: math and sciences or humanities, regarding academic motivation and learning strategies in the 9th grade students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 128, 432 – 437.

    Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A Social cognitive theory Englewood cliffs. NI: Prentic-Hall.

    Burke, L. (2011). Developmental Psychology, Volume One, Yahya Seyed Mohammadi. Tehran: Arsban Publishing.

    Chase, P. A., Hilliard, L. J., Geldhof, G. J., Warren, D. J., & Lerner, R. M. (2014). Academic achievement in the high school years: The changing role of school engagement. Journal of youth and adolescence, 43(6), 884-896.

    Chen, J., Huebner, E. S., & Tian, L. (2020). Longitudinal relations between hope and academic achievement in elementary school students: Behavioral engagement as a mediator. Learning and Individual Differences, 78, 101824.

    Dheda, K., Gumbo, T., Maartens, G., Dooley, K. E., McNerney, R., Murray, M., ... & Warren, R. M. (2017). The epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission, diagnosis, and management of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and incurable tuberculosis. The lancet Respiratory medicine, 5(4), 291-360.?

    Deci, E. L; Ryan, R.M., (2008). Self-Determination Theory: A Macro theory of Human Motivation, Development, and Health. Canadian Psychology, 49(3), 182–185.

    Dixson, D. D. (2017). Hope across achievement: examining psychometric properties of the Children’s Hope Scale across the range of achievement. Sage Open, 7(3), 2158244017717304.

    Ghadmapour, E, Adavi, H, Roshannia, S. (2016). The effect of positive psychology education on students' love of learning and academic resilience. Journal of Applied Psychological Research, 8 (4), 51-67. doi: 10.22059/japr.2018.65666

    Gholami, Mohammad Taghi and colleagues. (2013). School culture and academic alienation: The mediating role of basic psychological needs, Culture Strategy, 24: 116-99.

    Giunta, L.D; Alessandri, G; Gerbino, M; Kanacri, P.L; Zuffiano, A; Caprara, G.V. (2013). The determinants of scholastic achievement: The contribution of personality traits, self-esteem, and academic self-efficacy. Learning and Individual Differences, 27, 102–108.

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    Hofstede. G.: G. J. Hofstede. & M. Minkov. (2010). Culture and Organization: Software of the Mind. (3ed). New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Ibid, A, Karimianpour, G, Dashti, I (2017). The relationship between quality of life in school and students' academic motivation with regard to the mediating role of academic self-concept. Educational Studies, 3 (4), 31-48.

    Jamal-Hanjani, M., Wilson, G. A., McGranahan, N., Birkbak, N. J., Watkins, T. B., Veeriah, S., ... & Swanton, C. (2017). Tracking the evolution of non–small-cell lung cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 376(22), 2109-2121.

    Lei, H., Chiu, M. M., Cui, Y., Zhou, W., & Li, S. (2018). Parenting style and aggression: a meta-analysis of mainland Chinese children and youth. Children and Youth Services Review, 94, 446-455.

    Levy, S; Campbell, H. (2008). Student Motivation: Premise, Effective Practice and Policy. Teacher Education, 33(5) 13-28.

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    Marques, S. C., Gallagher, M. W., & Lopez, S. J. (2017). Hope-and academic-related outcomes: A meta-analysis. School Mental Health, 9(3), 250-262.

    Martin, A. J. (2008). Enhancing student motivation and engagement: The effect of a multidimensional intervention. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 239-269.

    Martin, A. J., & Liem, G. A. D. (2010). Academic personal bests (PBs), engagement, and achievement: A cross-lagged panel analysis. Learning and Individual Differences, 24, 265-270.

    McCoach, D. B; Siegle, D. (2003). Factors that differentiate underachieving gifted students from high – achieving gifted students. Gifted Child Quarterly, 47, 144- 154.

    Mikaeli Manie, F, Mahdavifar, S, Issazadegan, A, Mahna, S. (2017). Investigating the structural relationships between hope, academic self-efficacy and perception of classroom atmosphere with academic motivation. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies, 14 (25), 57-88.

    Munoz, R. T., Quinton, K. A., Worley, J. A., & Hellman, C. M. (2019). Locus of hope: External hope in parents/guardians as an antecedent of adolescents’ internal hope and life satisfaction. Child Indicators Research, 12(3), 1107-1124.

    Naami, A Z, Piriaei, S. (2012). The relationship between the dimensions of motivation and education with the enthusiasm and education of third year high school students in Ahvaz. Research in Educational Systems, 6 (16), 29-42.

    Naderi Beldaji, F. (2002). Socio-cultural and educational factors affecting dropout of students of nomadic middle schools in Lordegan and Ardal. Master Thesis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University.

    Purkey, S. C. (1990). A Cultural-change Approach to School Discipline. In O. C. Moles (Ed.), Student Discipline Strategies: Research and Practice. New York: State University of New York Press.

    Qalavandi, H, Amani S, J, Gholami, Mohammad T, Akbari Sura, P. (2013). School culture and academic alienation; The mediating role of basic psychological needs. Cultural Strategy Quarterly, 6 (24), 99-116.

    Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and wellbeing. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78.

    Salmela-Aro, K., Tolvanen, A., & Nurmi, J- E. (2009). Achievement strategies during university studies predict early career burnout andengagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75, 162-172.

    Sarmad, Zohreh, Hejazi, Elahe and Abbas Bazargan (1390). Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences, Agah Publications.

    Seligman, M. E. P. (1975). Helplessness. San Francisco: Freeman. Vallerand, R.J., Pelletier, G., & Vallieres, E .(1992). On the assessment of intrinsic motivation in education. Educational and Psychology Measurement, 53,150-172.

    Shaaria, A., Yusoff, N .M., Izam M G., Osmand, R., & Dzahir N. F. (2014). The relationship between lecturers teaching style and academic engagement. Social and Behavioral Sciences. 118, 10 – 20.

    Snyder, C.R. (2002). Hope theory: Rainbows in the mind. Psychol Inq, 13, 249-275.

    Teimouri, L., Rezaei, A., Mohammadzadeh, A. (2020). A comparative study of hope, academic achievement motivation, and academic self-concept among students with and without learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 9(2), 7-35. doi: 10.22098/jld.2020.854

    Vallerand, R. J., Blais, M. R., Briere, N. M. & Pelletier, L. G. (1989). Construction and Validation of the Echelle de motivation an education. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 21, 323-341

    Van Houtte, M. (2005). Climate or culture? A plea for conceptual clarity in school effectiveness research. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 16(1), 71–89.?

    Zahed Babalan, A, Karimianpour, G, Dashti, I. (2017). The role of school quality of life and academic self-concept in academic motivation in fifth and sixth grade elementary school students in Thalas Babajani. New Educational Approaches, 12 (1), 75-91.

    Zahiri Nav, B; Rajabi, S (2009). Investigating the relationship between a group of variables and reducing the academic motivation of Persian language and literature students, Daneshvar Behavior Magazine, (16) 36. 1-10.

    Zhang, W., Zhang, L., Chen, L., Ji, L., & Deater?Deckard, K. (2019). Developmental changes in longitudinal associations between academic achievement and psychopathological symptoms from late childhood to middle adolescence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60(2), 178-188.

  1. Abbasi, M; Pirani, s; Razmjui, L; Bonyadi, F. (2015). The role of procrastination and motivational self-regulation in predicting students' behavioral enthusiasm. Teaching Strategies in Medical Sciences, 8(5), 295-300.
  2. Abbaszadeh M, Alizadeh M B, Kohey K, Alipoor P.(2014). Different Capitals The Missing Link In Explaining The Students Happiness. refahj.; 13 (51) :215-244
  3. Andrei, C; Patricia, I. V; Valentina, Z. (2014). Comparative study between study tracks: math and sciences or humanities, regarding academic motivation and learning strategies in the 9th grade students. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 128, 432 – 437.
  4. Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A Social cognitive theory Englewood cliffs. NI: Prentic-Hall.
  5. Burke, L. (2011). Developmental Psychology, Volume One, Yahya Seyed Mohammadi. Tehran: Arsban Publishing.
  6. Chase, P. A., Hilliard, L. J., Geldhof, G. J., Warren, D. J., & Lerner, R. M. (2014). Academic achievement in the high school years: The changing role of school engagement. Journal of youth and adolescence, 43(6), 884-896.
  7. Chen, J., Huebner, E. S., & Tian, L. (2020). Longitudinal relations between hope and academic achievement in elementary school students: Behavioral engagement as a mediator. Learning and Individual Differences, 78, 101824.
  8. Dheda, K., Gumbo, T., Maartens, G., Dooley, K. E., McNerney, R., Murray, M., ... & Warren, R. M. (2017). The epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission, diagnosis, and management of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and incurable tuberculosis. The lancet Respiratory medicine, 5(4), 291-360.?
  9. Deci, E. L; Ryan, R.M., (2008). Self-Determination Theory: A Macro theory of Human Motivation, Development, and Health. Canadian Psychology, 49(3), 182–185.
  10. Dixson, D. D. (2017). Hope across achievement: examining psychometric properties of the Children’s Hope Scale across the range of achievement. Sage Open, 7(3), 2158244017717304.
  11. Ghadmapour, E, Adavi, H, Roshannia, S. (2016). The effect of positive psychology education on students' love of learning and academic resilience. Journal of Applied Psychological Research, 8 (4), 51-67. doi: 10.22059/japr.2018.65666
  12. Gholami, Mohammad Taghi and colleagues. (2013). School culture and academic alienation: The mediating role of basic psychological needs, Culture Strategy, 24: 116-99.
  13. Giunta, L.D; Alessandri, G; Gerbino, M; Kanacri, P.L; Zuffiano, A; Caprara, G.V. (2013). The determinants of scholastic achievement: The contribution of personality traits, self-esteem, and academic self-efficacy. Learning and Individual Differences, 27, 102–108.
  14. Hidi, S., & Harackiewic, J. M. (2000). Motivating the academically unmotivated. Review of Education Research. 70, 151-179.
  15. Harter, S. (1981). A new self-report scale of intrinsic versus extrinsic orientation in the classroom: Motivational and informational components. Developmental psychology, 17(3), 300.?
  16. Higgins-D’Alessandro, A., & Sadh, D. (1998). The dimensions and measurement of school culture: Understanding school culture as the basis for school reform. International Journal of Educational Research, 27(7), 553-569.
  17. Hofstede. G.: G. J. Hofstede. & M. Minkov. (2010). Culture and Organization: Software of the Mind. (3ed). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  18. Ibid, A, Karimianpour, G, Dashti, I (2017). The relationship between quality of life in school and students' academic motivation with regard to the mediating role of academic self-concept. Educational Studies, 3 (4), 31-48.
  19. Jamal-Hanjani, M., Wilson, G. A., McGranahan, N., Birkbak, N. J., Watkins, T. B., Veeriah, S., ... & Swanton, C. (2017). Tracking the evolution of non–small-cell lung cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 376(22), 2109-2121.
  20. Lei, H., Chiu, M. M., Cui, Y., Zhou, W., & Li, S. (2018). Parenting style and aggression: a meta-analysis of mainland Chinese children and youth. Children and Youth Services Review, 94, 446-455.
  21. Levy, S; Campbell, H. (2008). Student Motivation: Premise, Effective Practice and Policy. Teacher Education, 33(5) 13-28.
  22. Lepers, E., Lambin, E. F., Janetos, A. C., DeFries, R., Achard, F., Ramankutty, N., & Scholes, R. J. (2005). A synthesis of information on rapid land-cover change for the period 1981–2000. BioScience, 55(2), 115-124.?
  23. Marques, S. C., Gallagher, M. W., & Lopez, S. J. (2017). Hope-and academic-related outcomes: A meta-analysis. School Mental Health, 9(3), 250-262.
  24. Martin, A. J. (2008). Enhancing student motivation and engagement: The effect of a multidimensional intervention. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 239-269.
  25. Martin, A. J., & Liem, G. A. D. (2010). Academic personal bests (PBs), engagement, and achievement: A cross-lagged panel analysis. Learning and Individual Differences, 24, 265-270.
  26. McCoach, D. B; Siegle, D. (2003). Factors that differentiate underachieving gifted students from high – achieving gifted students. Gifted Child Quarterly, 47, 144- 154.
  27. Mikaeli Manie, F, Mahdavifar, S, Issazadegan, A, Mahna, S. (2017). Investigating the structural relationships between hope, academic self-efficacy and perception of classroom atmosphere with academic motivation. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies, 14 (25), 57-88.
  28. Munoz, R. T., Quinton, K. A., Worley, J. A., & Hellman, C. M. (2019). Locus of hope: External hope in parents/guardians as an antecedent of adolescents’ internal hope and life satisfaction. Child Indicators Research, 12(3), 1107-1124.
  29. Naami, A Z, Piriaei, S. (2012). The relationship between the dimensions of motivation and education with the enthusiasm and education of third year high school students in Ahvaz. Research in Educational Systems, 6 (16), 29-42.
  30. Naderi Beldaji, F. (2002). Socio-cultural and educational factors affecting dropout of students of nomadic middle schools in Lordegan and Ardal. Master Thesis, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabai University.
  31. Purkey, S. C. (1990). A Cultural-change Approach to School Discipline. In O. C. Moles (Ed.), Student Discipline Strategies: Research and Practice. New York: State University of New York Press.
  32. Qalavandi, H, Amani S, J, Gholami, Mohammad T, Akbari Sura, P. (2013). School culture and academic alienation; The mediating role of basic psychological needs. Cultural Strategy Quarterly, 6 (24), 99-116.
  33. Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and wellbeing. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78.
  34. Salmela-Aro, K., Tolvanen, A., & Nurmi, J- E. (2009). Achievement strategies during university studies predict early career burnout andengagement. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75, 162-172.
  35. Sarmad, Zohreh, Hejazi, Elahe and Abbas Bazargan (1390). Research Methods in Behavioral Sciences, Agah Publications.
  36. Seligman, M. E. P. (1975). Helplessness. San Francisco: Freeman. Vallerand, R.J., Pelletier, G., & Vallieres, E .(1992). On the assessment of intrinsic motivation in education. Educational and Psychology Measurement, 53,150-172.
  37. Shaaria, A., Yusoff, N .M., Izam M G., Osmand, R., & Dzahir N. F. (2014). The relationship between lecturers teaching style and academic engagement. Social and Behavioral Sciences. 118, 10 – 20.
  38. Snyder, C.R. (2002). Hope theory: Rainbows in the mind. Psychol Inq, 13, 249-275.
  39. Teimouri, L., Rezaei, A., Mohammadzadeh, A. (2020). A comparative study of hope, academic achievement motivation, and academic self-concept among students with and without learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 9(2), 7-35. doi: 10.22098/jld.2020.854
  40. Vallerand, R. J., Blais, M. R., Briere, N. M. & Pelletier, L. G. (1989). Construction and Validation of the Echelle de motivation an education. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 21, 323-341
  41. Van Houtte, M. (2005). Climate or culture? A plea for conceptual clarity in school effectiveness research. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 16(1), 71–89.?
  42. Zahed Babalan, A, Karimianpour, G, Dashti, I. (2017). The role of school quality of life and academic self-concept in academic motivation in fifth and sixth grade elementary school students in Thalas Babajani. New Educational Approaches, 12 (1), 75-91.
  43. Zahiri Nav, B; Rajabi, S (2009). Investigating the relationship between a group of variables and reducing the academic motivation of Persian language and literature students, Daneshvar Behavior Magazine, (16) 36. 1-10.
  44. Zhang, W., Zhang, L., Chen, L., Ji, L., & Deater?Deckard, K. (2019). Developmental changes in longitudinal associations between academic achievement and psychopathological symptoms from late childhood to middle adolescence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60(2), 178-188.