Improving the SDGs through Green HRM, Green Training, and Innovative Leadership

https://doi.org/10.35912/ahrmr.v5i4.3442
Published: Dec 31, 2025

Abstract:

Purpose: To analyze the influence of Green Human Resource Management (Green HRM), Green Training, and Innovative Leadership on the achievement of the SDGs. The theories used include the Resource-Based View and organizational sustainability concepts.

Research Methodology: Employed a quantitative approach with data collection through questionnaires distributed to 150 respondents from various service subsectors. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0 software.

Results: Indicate that: 1) Green HRM has a positive and significant effect on SDGs achievement; 2) Green Training has a positive and significant effect on SDGs achievement; 3) Innovative Leadership has a positive and significant effect on SDGs achievement; 4) Simultaneously, the three variables explain 48.3% of the variance in SDGs achievement.

Conclusions: Suggest that Green HRM plays an important and positive role in supporting the achievement of SDGs. Green Training also significantly contributes to enhancing organizational capacity to reach these goals. Additionally, Innovative Leadership is found to positively influence SDGs achievement.

Limitations: Implications highlight the importance of integrating green practices in HR management, sustainability training, and innovative leadership to support SDGs agenda at the corporate level

Contribution: It is suggested that service companies further strengthen the implementation of Green HRM, Green Training, and Innovative Leadership to achieve the SDGs.

Keywords:
1. Green HRM
2. Green Training
3. Innovative Leadership
4. SDGs
Authors:
1 . Bambang Nurakhim
Universitas Mitra Bangsa, Jakarta, Indonesia
2 . Yuni Pratikno
Universitas Mitra Bangsa, Jakarta, Indonesia
3 . Dewi Ulfa Arini
Universitas Pamulang, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, Indonesia
4 . Amin Lestari
Universitas Pertahanan, Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
5 . Yuniria Zendrato
Universitas Mitra Bangsa, Jakarta, Indonesia
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How to Cite
Nurakhim, B., Pratikno, Y., Arini, D. U., Lestari, A., & Yuniria Zendrato. (2025). Improving the SDGs through Green HRM, Green Training, and Innovative Leadership. Annals of Human Resource Management Research, 5(4), 341–358. https://doi.org/10.35912/ahrmr.v5i4.3442
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Issue & Section
Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): December
Articles
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    Fadhil, A. Z., & Rudiatno, R. (2025). Strategi Pengelolaan Green Human Resource Managament Sebagai Penguatan Identitas Pada Pt Djawir Mitra Syandana. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Sosial, 2(4), 98-113.

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    Kusa, N. D., & Danladi, N. Y. (2024). Entrepreneurial passion on the success of SME’s in Plateau State, Nigeria: The role of entrepreneurial skills. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 5(1), 57-74. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v5i1.2124

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    Odhiambo, G. M., Waiganjo, E. W., & Simiyu, A. N. (2023). Green Employee Training—A Remedy for Environmental Behaviour: The Case of Public Universities in Kenya. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 8(5), 224-233. doi:https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2023.8.5.2142

    Ordonez-Ponce, E., Clarke, A., & MacDonald, A. (2021). Business Contributions to the Sustainable Development Goals Through Community Sustainability Partnerships. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 12(6), 1239-1267. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-03-2020-0068

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    Purwaningsih, N., Tarto, T., & Candraningsih, E. O. (2023). Pengaruh Green Training, Green Recruitment Dan Green Transformational Leadership Terhadap Sustainable Corporate Performance Pt Abc Di Tanggerang. Dynamic Management Journal, 7(1), 114-128. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/dmj.v7i1.7660

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  1. Ardista, R., & Marpaung, N. N. (2022). Relationship between Work Environment and Employee Performance: A Study at PT. Energia Transmedia. International Journal of Education, Information Technology, and Others, 5(2), 301-316. doi:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6529841
  2. Arifin, N., Mohammad, G., Imron, M., Palupi, M., & Alimin, N. A. (2025). Optimization of Business Sustainability Based on Green Human Resources Management in Jepara Furniture SMEs. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis, 16(1), 209-226. doi:https://doi.org/10.18196/mb.v16i1.25299
  3. Asad, M. (2024). Impact of Environmental Management on Sustainable Performance of Pakistani Entrepreneurial Firms: The Mediating Role of Green Product Innovation and the Moderating Effect of Transformational Leadership. Sustainability, 16(24), 1-23. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su162410935
  4. Barakat, B., Milhem, M., Naji, G. M. A., Alzoraiki, M., Muda, H. B., Ateeq, A., & Abro, Z. (2023). Assessing the Impact of Green Training on Sustainable Business Advantage: Exploring the Mediating Role of Green Supply Chain Practices. Sustainability, 15(19), 1-21. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914144
  5. BPS. (2024). Indikator Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan Indonesia 2024. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.
  6. Commey, V., Kokt, D., & Hattingh, J. (2020). Innovative human resources management: key competencies expected from hospitality graduates in Ghana. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 1(4), 279-291. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v1i4.403
  7. Fadhil, A. Z., & Rudiatno, R. (2025). Strategi Pengelolaan Green Human Resource Managament Sebagai Penguatan Identitas Pada Pt Djawir Mitra Syandana. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Sosial, 2(4), 98-113.
  8. Faeni, R. P., Feani, D. P., Pujiati, H., & Cahaya, Y. F. (2025). From Green HRM to Sustainability: A Study of Ground Handling in Java with Employee Performance as A Key Link. Annals of Human Resource Management Research, 5(3), 865-880. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/ahrmr.v5i3.2991
  9. Fathurohman, A. P., Septian, R. F., Anggraeni, A. F., & Roswinna, W. (2025). Integrasi Green HRM dan Corporate Social Responsibility: Upaya Meningkatkan Kinerja Berkelanjutan. JMBI: Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Informatika, 6(1), 16-30. doi:https://doi.org/10.31967/prodimanajemen.v6i1.1550
  10. Gidage, M., & Bhide, S. (2025). Corporate Reputation as a Catalyst: Unraveling the ESG-Firm Performance Link in India. Corporate Reputation Review, 1-19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41299-025-00216-7
  11. Gomes, D. R., Ribeiro, N., Gomes, G., Ortega, E., & Semedo, A. (2024). Green HRM's Effect on Employees' Eco-Friendly Behavior and Green Performance: A Study in the Portuguese Tourism Sector. Sustainability, 16(22), 1-17. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su162210005
  12. Gumusluoglu, L., & Ilsev, A. (2009). Transformational leadership, creativity, and organizational innovation. Journal of Business Research, 62(4), 461-473. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.07.032
  13. Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to Use and How to Report the Results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
  14. Hamadamin, H. H., & Atan, T. (2019). The Impact of Strategic Human Resource Management Practices on Competitive Advantage Sustainability: The Mediation of Human Capital Development and Employee Commitment. Sustainability, 11(20), 1-19. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205782
  15. Insani, J. D. C., & Rizky, G. (2024). Pengaruh Green Human Resource Management Terhadap Green Competitive Advantage Dengan Organizational Citizenship Behavior for Environment Sebagai Variabel Intervening. EKOMA: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Akuntansi, 3(6), 1932-1950. doi:https://doi.org/10.38043/jimb.v9i2.5997
  16. Jabbour, C. J. C., & Jabbour, A. B. L. d. S. (2016). Green Human Resource Management and Green Supply Chain Management: Linking Two Emerging Agendas. Journal of Cleaner Production, 112(3), 1824-1833. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.01.052
  17. Javed, R., Zia, M., Naz, S., Aisida, S. O., Ain, N. u., & Ao, Q. (2020). Role of Capping Agents in the Application of Nanoparticles in Biomedicine and Environmental Remediation: Recent Trends and Future Prospects. Journal of Nanobiotechnology, 18(1), 1-15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-020-00704-4
  18. Jong, J. P. J. d., & Hartog, D. N. D. (2007). How Leaders Influence Employees' Innovative Behaviour. European Journal of Innovation Management, 10(1), 41-64. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/14601060710720546
  19. Kalyar, M. N., Shafique, I., & Ahmad, B. (2020). Effect of innovativeness on supply chain integration and performance: Investigating the moderating role of environmental uncertainty. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 15(2), 362-386. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOEM-09-2018-0486
  20. Kusa, N. D., & Danladi, N. Y. (2024). Entrepreneurial passion on the success of SME’s in Plateau State, Nigeria: The role of entrepreneurial skills. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 5(1), 57-74. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v5i1.2124
  21. Michel, J. W., & Yukl, G. (2020). 18 Leader Behaviors and the Changing Nature of Work. In B. J. Hoffman, M. K. Shoss, & L. A. Wegman (Eds.), The Cambridge Handbook of the Changing Nature of Work. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  22. Montiel, I., Cuervo-Cazurra, A., Park, J., Antolín-López, R., & Husted, B. W. (2021). Implementing the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals in International Business. Journal of International Business Studies, 52(5), 999-1030. doi:https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-021-00445-y
  23. Nugraha, A. T., Sunarti, S., & Makitsuna, F. (2024). The Nexus between Green HRM Practices and Organizational Sustainability Performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen Indonesia, 24(2), 134-146. doi:https://doi.org/10.25124/jmi.v24i2.6925
  24. Odhiambo, G. M., Waiganjo, E. W., & Simiyu, A. N. (2023). Green Employee Training—A Remedy for Environmental Behaviour: The Case of Public Universities in Kenya. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 8(5), 224-233. doi:https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2023.8.5.2142
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  26. Palupiningtyas, D. (2024). Green HRM: Strategies for Sustainable Business Practices and Employee Engagement. Management Studies and Business Journal (PRODUCTIVITY), 1(3), 373-388. doi:https://doi.org/10.62207/dhfpj238
  27. Pervin, M. T., & Sarker, B. K. (2021). Benefits and challenges in adopting social media for SMEs: A case from Bangladesh. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 2(3), 171-185. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v2i3.783
  28. Pinzone, M., Guerci, M., Lettieri, E., & Redman, T. (2016). Progressing in the change journey towards sustainability in healthcare: the role of ‘Green’HRM. Journal of cleaner production, 122, 201-211. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.02.031
  29. Purwaningsih, N., Tarto, T., & Candraningsih, E. O. (2023). Pengaruh Green Training, Green Recruitment Dan Green Transformational Leadership Terhadap Sustainable Corporate Performance Pt Abc Di Tanggerang. Dynamic Management Journal, 7(1), 114-128. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/dmj.v7i1.7660
  30. Rahma, W., Utha, M. A., Mihalay, A., Kurniawati, K., & Hermawan, A. (2025). Innovation As a Mediator in The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Digital Technology on Sustainability Performance. Journal of Economics and Business UBS, 14(5), 1236-1249. doi:https://doi.org/10.52644/ez9m2073
  31. Renata, G. R., & Saputra, A. R. P. (2023). Pengaruh Green Training, Green Recruitment and Selection dan Green Empowerment Terhadap Green Performance Management di Bengkel Sepeda Motor AHASS Bantul. Trending: Jurnal Manajemen dan Ekonomi, 1(4), 342-365. doi:https://doi.org/10.30640/trending.v1i4.1689
  32. Renwick, D. W., Redman, T., & Maguire, S. (2013). Green human resource management: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(1), 1-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00328.x
  33. Rosyafah, S., Hidayat, W. G. P. A., & Nitawati, E. Y. (2025). Sustainable HRM in the Face of Climate Change: Building Organizational Resilience Through Green Human Capital Practices. Annals of Human Resource Management Research, 5(2), 113-123. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/ahrmr.v5i2.2966
  34. Santana, T. P., Horta, N., Revez, C., Dias, R. M. T. S., & Zebende, G. F. (2023). Effects of Interdependence and Contagion on Crude Oil and Precious Metals According to ?DCCA: A COVID-19 Case Study. Sustainability, 15(5), 1-12. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su15053945
  35. Setiawan, D., Rahmawati, I. P., & Santoso, A. (2023). A Bibliometric Analysis of Evolving Trends in Climate Change and Accounting Research. Cogent Business & Management, 10(3), 1-19. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2267233
  36. Sopyan, A., Sukesi, S., Suyanto, S., Assagaf, A., & Yunus, E. (2025). Improving Competitive Advantage through Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs) supported by Value Creation and New Product Development on Manufacturing Sector in Bekasi Indonesia. Journal of Economics, Management, Entrepreneurship, and Business (JEMEB), 5(1), 13-29. doi:https://doi.org/10.52909/jemeb.v5i1.225
  37. Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
  38. Suherna, S., & Nasiatin, T. (2024). Relationship between Customer Management Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and Marketing Performance in Banten. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 5(1), 45-56. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v5i1.2005
  39. Sulaiman, E., Fitralisma, G., Fata, M. A., & Nawawi, R. (2024). Empowering local communities engagement: Rural tourism and business innovation for SDGs desa. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 5(1), 31-44. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v5i1.1968
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