Demystifying work-related outcomes and life satisfaction of Bangladeshi working women during the COVID-19 pandemic

https://doi.org/10.35912/amor.v4i2.1535
Published: Jul 25, 2023

Abstract:

Purpose: The impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on working women’s personal and professional lives is overwhelming. This paper aims to demystify the intervening role of work-life balance in the association of life satisfaction with work-from-home and workplace flexibility during a covid emergency.

Research methodology: To follow this aim, 196 working women coming from different occupations enjoying work-from-home arrangements during COVID-19 have been selected based on convenience as respondents. After confirming the reliability-validity and fitness of the proposed model, the responses have been further examined for testing the hypotheses.

Results: The findings demystify strong associations of independent variables (work from home and workplace flexibility) with the dependent variable (life satisfaction) as well as with the mediator (work-life balance). The mediating role of work-life balance between the independent and dependent variables has also proved significant.

Limitations: This study has limitations, such as mainly focusing on Chattagram, Bangladesh, selecting respondents based on convenience, and needing more research to analyse the effects of variables on male workers.

Contribution: Regulatory authorities, corporate bodies and HR practitioners will get strong insights while formulating strategic HR guidelines in regular situations as well as in emergencies in this study.

Novelty: In a patriarchal country like Bangladesh, where women's contributions to the economy are increasing day by day, the government and other regulatory authorities should consider working women's work-life equilibrium and well-being when drafting legislation regarding HR practices.

Keywords:
1. Working Women in Bangladesh During Covid-19
2. Work-Life Balance
3. Work from Home
4. Workplace Flexibility
5. Life Satisfaction
Authors:
Shajjad Mahmod
Department of Management, Rangamati Science and Technology University, Bangladesh
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How to Cite
Mahmod, S. (2023). Demystifying work-related outcomes and life satisfaction of Bangladeshi working women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 4(2), 109–127. https://doi.org/10.35912/amor.v4i2.1535
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Issue & Section
Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): November
Articles
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References

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  2. Amegayibor, G. K., and Korankye, C. O. (2022). Customer satisfaction and the influence of quality service aspects: A case study of a cooperative union in Cape Coast, Ghana’s Central Region. Annals of Management and Organization Research, 2(4), 253–269. https://doi.org/10.35912/amor.v2i4.906
  3. Ahmed, S., & Islam, M. M. (2022). Impact of home office on job satisfaction and work-life balance of female employees in Bangladesh during Covid-19. International Journal for Research Publications (IJRP).
  4. Anderson, D., & Kelliher, C. (2020). Enforced remote working and the work-life interface during lockdown. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 35(7/8), 677-683.
  5. Andrade, M. S., Westover, J. H., & Kupka, B. A. (2019). The role of work-life balance and worker scheduling flexibility in predicting global comparative job satisfaction. database, 9(2), 80-105.
  6. Anomsari, S., Handaru, A. W., & Ahmad, G. N. (2021). The influence of work from home and work discipline on the performance of employees with Work-Life balance as mediating variable in the COVID-19 outbreak period. Oblik i finansi, 94, 91-98.
  7. Attieh, H. (2022). The effect of new normal leadership and workplace flexibility on employee burnout and work-life balance during COVID-19 era. Lebanese American University.
  8. Avkiran, N. K., & Ringle, C. M. (2018). Partial least squares structural equation modeling: Recent advances in banking and finance (Vol. 239): Springer.
  9. Aziz-Ur-Rehman, M., & Siddiqui, D. A. (2019). Relationship between flexible working arrangements and job satisfaction mediated by work-life balance: Evidence from public sector universities employees of Pakistan. Available at SSRN 3510918.
  10. Basak, S. (2021). Factors affecting work-life balance of women in Bangladesh: a study during COVID-19 pandemic. Canadian Journal of Business and Information Studies, 3(3), 38-48.
  11. Basak, S., & Akter, K. (2022). Work-life balance of female university teachers during COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. Work, 14(4).
  12. Bellmann, L., & Hübler, O. (2021). Working from home, job satisfaction and work–life balance–robust or heterogeneous links? International journal of manpower, 42(3), 424-441.
  13. Best, S., & Chinta, R. (2021). Work–life balance and life satisfaction among the self-employed. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 28(7), 995-1011.
  14. Bjärntoft, S., Hallman, D. M., Mathiassen, S. E., Larsson, J., & Jahncke, H. (2020). Occupational and individual determinants of work-life balance among office workers with flexible work arrangements. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(4), 1418.
  15. Caringal-Go, J. F., Teng-Calleja, M., Bertulfo, D. J., & Manaois, J. O. (2022). Work-life balance crafting during COVID-19: Exploring strategies of telecommuting employees in the Philippines. Community, work & family, 25(1), 112-131.
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  17. Collins, C., Landivar, L. C., Ruppanner, L., & Scarborough, W. J. (2021). COVID?19 and the gender gap in work hours. Gender, Work & Organization, 28, 101-112.
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  20. Deutrom, J., Katos, V., & Ali, R. (2022). Loneliness, life satisfaction, problematic internet use and security behaviours: re-examining the relationships when working from home during COVID-19. Behaviour & Information Technology, 41(14), 3161-3175.
  21. Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of personality assessment, 49(1), 71-75.
  22. Direction, S. (2008). Flexible working as human resources strategy: Benefits to the organization and its personnel. Strategic Direction, 24(8), 9-11.
  23. Driscoll, C. (2019). Flexible Work Arrangements and Parental Life Satisfaction.
  24. Dymecka, J., Gerymski, R., & Machnik-Czerwik, A. (2021). Fear of COVID-19 as a buffer in the relationship between perceived stress and life satisfaction in the Polish population at the beginning of the global pandemic. Health Psychology Report, 9(2), 149-159.
  25. Ekasari, N., Harsasi, M., Priyati, R. Y., & Qomariah, N. (2022). The Effect of Work from Home (WFH) and Work Discipline on Employee Performance Through Work-Life Balance (WLB) in the Covid-19 Pandemic: Explanatory Study at BPKAD Office, Bondowoso Regency. Paper presented at the Journal of International Conference Proceedings.
  26. Fahmi, P., Saluy, A. B., Safitri, E., Rivaldo, Y., & Endri, E. (2022). Work Stress Mediates Motivation and Discipline on Teacher Performance: Evidence Work from Home Policy. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 12(3), 80-80.
  27. Fisher, M. H., Sung, C., Kammes, R. R., Okyere, C., & Park, J. (2022). Social support as a mediator of stress and life satisfaction for people with intellectual or developmental disabilities during the COVID?19 pandemic. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 35(1), 243-251.
  28. Haar, J. M., Russo, M., Suñe, A., & Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2014). Outcomes of work–life balance on job satisfaction, life satisfaction and mental health: A study across seven cultures. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 361-373.
  29. Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2-24.
  30. Happy, K. (2021). The mediating effect of job satisfaction between the dimensions of work-life balance and work engagement: A study on faculty members of private universities in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Jahangirnagar University Journal of Management Research, 4, 119-142.
  31. Hayman, J. R. (2009). Flexible work arrangements: Exploring the linkages between perceived usability of flexible work schedules and work/life balance. Community, work & family, 12(3), 327-338.
  32. Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43, 115-135.
  33. Hill, E. J., Hawkins, A. J., Ferris, M., & Weitzman, M. (2001). Finding an extra day a week: The positive influence of perceived job flexibility on work and family life balance. Family relations, 50(1), 49-58.
  34. Intesar, A. (2021). An Untold Pandemic: Triple Burden of Working Women during COVID-19 Pandemic in Dhaka, Bangladesh. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS, 5(5).
  35. Irawanto, D. W., Novianti, K. R., & Roz, K. (2021). Work from home: Measuring satisfaction between work–life balance and work stress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Economies, 9(3), 96.
  36. Islam, M. A., Abbott, P., Haque, S., Gooch, F., & Akhter, S. (2022). The impact of Covid-19 on women workers in the Bangladesh garment industry. The University of Aberdeen and the Modern Slavery and Human Rights Policy and Evidence Centre (Modern Slavery PEC), UK.
  37. Jeffrey Hill, E., Grzywacz, J. G., Allen, S., Blanchard, V. L., Matz-Costa, C., Shulkin, S., & Pitt-Catsouphes, M. (2008). Defining and conceptualizing workplace flexibility. Community, Work and Family, 11(2), 149-163.
  38. Karsili, H., Yesiltas, M., & Berberoglu, A. (2021). Workplace flexibility for sustainable career satisfaction: case of handling in the aviation sector in North Cyprus. Sustainability, 13(12), 6878.
  39. Kashyap, S., Joseph, S., & Deshmukh, G. (2016). Employee well-being, life satisfaction and the need for work-life balance. Journal of Ravishankar University, Part-A, 22, 11-23.
  40. Kim, S., Chai, D. S., Kim, J., Kim, S., & Song, Y. (2022). Between work conditions and job outcomes: Testing a nomological network of life satisfaction. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 1-25.
  41. Kossek, E. E., & Lautsch, B. A. (2018). Work–life flexibility for whom? Occupational status and work–life inequality in upper, middle, and lower level jobs. Academy of Management Annals, 12(1), 5-36.
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  43. Lee, M.-H., & Tsai, H.-Y. (2022). A study of job insecurity and life satisfaction in COVID-19: The multilevel moderating effect of perceived control and work–life balance programs. Journal of Men's Health, 18(1), 21.
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  45. Nanthini, S., & Nair, T. (2020). COVID-19 and the Impacts on Women.
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  47. Noda, H. (2020). Work–life balance and life satisfaction in OECD countries: A cross-sectional analysis. Journal of Happiness Studies, 21(4), 1325-1348.
  48. Palumbo, R. (2020). Let me go to the office! An investigation into the side effects of working from home on work-life balance. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 33(6/7), 771-790.
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