Business partnership, women empowerment and support to women living with HIV/AIDS in Kabale, Uganda

Published: Sep 20, 2024

Abstract:

Purpose: This investigation stemmed from the need to support women living with HIV/AIDS using community approaches of business partnerships and women empowerment as opposed to government-and private sector-led support.

Research Methodology: This study adopted systematic sampling techniques for data collection from 123 women living with HIV/AIDS from a designated health center in Kabale Municipality. Women taking ARVs were identified from the points where they were collecting their ARVs, and were given questionnaires after consenting to participate in the study.

Results: Women empowerment increased decision-making power, while business partnerships decreased dependence on male partners. Women empowerment increases support for women living with HIV/AIDS compared with business partnerships. Business partnerships, as observed in this study, draw weak relationships from many women living with HIV/AIDS. Women empowerment programs that cut across all age groups are effective in supporting vulnerable women living with HIV/AIDS.

Limitations: This study encountered the challenge of interfacing with the respondents, since the information was collected by those in charge of the drug distribution center but not the researchers, and these affected in-depth investigations. Women accessing HIV/AIDS do not want to be identified because of stigma within the community.

Contributions: From a public health perspective, designers of intervention programs to support women living with HIV/AIDS should consider inclusiveness in design, driven by age categorizations. Designers of intervention programs to support women living with HIV/AIDS should target business partnerships among low-income earners to reduce vulnerability.

Keywords:
1. Business Partnership
2. Women empowerment
3. HIV Support
4. HIV & Aids
Authors:
1 . Fabian Mwosi
2 . Marus Eton
3 . Burani Aluonzi
4 . Simon Peter Olupot
5 . Richard Alia
How to Cite
Mwosi, F., Eton, M., Aluonzi, B., Olupot, S. P., & Alia, R. (2024). Business partnership, women empowerment and support to women living with HIV/AIDS in Kabale, Uganda. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 6(1), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v6i1.2208

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References

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    Annan, K. (2001). Address by Secretary-General Kofi Annan to the United Nations General Assembly. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/speeches/2001-09-24/address-secretary-general-kofi-annan-united-nations-general-assembly

    Ashford, L. S. (2006). How HIV and AIDS affect populations. World, 1, 38,600,000.

    Attawell, K. (2008). Partnerships in practice.

    Barks-Ruggles, E. (2001). The economic impact of HIV/AIDS in Southern Africa: Brookings Institution.

    Bloom, D. E., & Mahal, A. (2001). HIV/AIDS and the private sector A literature review. Dorset, UK, River Path Associates.

    Burke, H. M., Packer, C., González-Calvo, L., Ridgeway, K., Lenzi, R., Green, A. F., & Moon, T. D. (2019). A longitudinal qualitative evaluation of an economic and social empowerment intervention to reduce girls’ vulnerability to HIV in rural Mozambique. Evaluation and program planning, 77, 101682.

    Chong, J., & Kvasny, L. (2007). A Disease That``Has a Woman's Face'': The Social Construction of Gender and Sexuality in HIV/AIDS Discourses. Intercultural Communication Studies, 16(3), 53.

    Dixon, S., McDonald, S., & Roberts, J. (2002). The impact of HIV and AIDS on Africa's economic development. BMJ, 324(7331), 232-234.

    Economics, C. f. I. (2002). Potential economic impacts of an HIV/AIDS epidemic in Papua New Guinea. Retrieved from https://www.dfat.gov.au/sites/default/files/hivaids_png.pdf

    Ekawati, E., & Sari, Y. M. (2024). Financial governance: Cases at Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDEs) in Lampung Province. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 6(1), 105-116.

    Esplen, E., & Brody, A. (2007). Putting gender back in the picture: rethinking women's economic empowerment: Institute of Development Studies: Bridge (development-gender).

    Eton, M., Mwosi, F., Ebong, C. D., & Ogwel, B. P. (2018). Government interventions in supporting SME growth in Lira district, northern Uganda. International Journal of Emerging Research & Development, 1(2).

    Eton, M., Mwosi, F., Ogwel, B. P., Edaku, C., & Obote, D. (2018). Financial inclusion and women empowerment in Uganda. A case of Lango Sub Region, Northern Uganda. Economics, Commerce and Trade Management: An International Journal (ECTIJ), 2(1), 1-11.

    Eunah, K., Eta, M. N., & Shepherd, M. (2024). Entrepreneurship pedagogy enhancing entrepreneurship intention in secondary school students in developing countries. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 6(1), 117-133.

    Foundation, T. H. J. K. F. (2017). The Multisectoral Impact of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic – A Primer. Retrieved from https://www.kff.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/7661.pdf

    Goin, D. E., Pearson, R. M., Craske, M. G., Stein, A., Pettifor, A., Lippman, S. A., . . . Selin, A. (2020). Depression and incident HIV in adolescent girls and young women in HIV prevention trials network 068: targets for prevention and mediating factors. American journal of epidemiology, 189(5), 422-432.

    Gow, J., & George, G. (2011). Business management of HIV/AIDS: Case study of a South African contract cleaning company. African journal of business management, 5(11), 4100-4106.

    ILO. (2008). HIV/AIDS and the world of work. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/acer/Downloads/wcms_090177.pdf

    Kordovski, V. M., Woods, S. P., Verduzco, M., & Beltran, J. (2017). The effects of aging and HIV disease on employment status and functioning. Rehabilitation Psychology, 62(4), 591.

    Koseki, S., Fagan, T., & Meno, V. (2016). SUSTAINABLE HIV FINANCING IN UGANDA. Retrieved from https://www.healthpolicyproject.com/pubs/2877_UgandaHIVFinancing.pdf

    Mabhanda, W. (2024). Business resilience strategies for informal traders in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era in Gweru, Zimbabwe. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 6(1), 75-91.

    MacPhail, C., Khoza, N., Selin, A., Julien, A., Twine, R., Wagner, R. G., . . . Pettifor, A. (2018). Cash transfers for HIV prevention: what do young women spend it on? Mixed methods findings from HPTN 068. BMC public health, 18, 1-12.

    Mbowa, H. S., Businge, M. P., Ssemaluulu, P., & Eton, M. (2023a). Effect of women empowerment on women-owned business performance in Wakiso District, Uganda. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 5(3), 343-358.

    Mbowa, H. S., Businge, M. P., Ssemaluulu, P., & Eton, M. (2023b). Influence of Social Capital on Small and Medium Enterprises Performance in Wakiso District, Uganda. International Journal of Accounting and Management Information Systems, 1(1), 81-95.

    McCreanor, C. P. A. (2010). Economic impact of HIV and AIDS on the business process outsourcing and offshore contact centre industry in South africa. Stellenbosch: University of Stellenbosch.

    Mishra, P. J. (2013). A Study of ELDERLY WOMEN With Special Reference to Empowerment-case studies. Retrieved from https://ifa.ngo/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/A-Study-of-Elderly-Women-with-Social-Reference-to-Empowerment-Case-Studies.pdf

    Moghadam, Z. B., Rezaei, E., Sharifi, B., Nejat, S., Saeieh, S. E., & Khiaban, M. O. (2018). The effect of empowerment and educational programs on the quality of life in Iranian women with HIV. Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC), 17, 2325958218759681.

    Nabukenya, A. M., Nambuusi, A., & Matovu, J. K. (2020). Risk factors for HIV infection among married couples in Rakai, Uganda: a cross-sectional study. BMC infectious diseases, 20, 1-8.

    Narasimhan, M., Payne, C., Caldas, S., Beard, J. R., & Kennedy, C. E. (2016). Ageing and healthy sexuality among women living with HIV. Reproductive Health Matters, 24(48), 43-51.

    Oyelude, A. A., & Bamigbola, A. A. (2013). Women Empowerment through Access to Information: The Strategic Roles of Non-Governmental Organizations in Nigeria. Online Submission, 3(2), 103-115.

    Pettifor, A., Wamoyi, J., Balvanz, P., Gichane, M. W., & Maman, S. (2019). Cash plus: exploring the mechanisms through which a cash transfer plus financial education programme in Tanzania reduced HIV risk for adolescent girls and young women. Journal of the international AIDS society, 22, e25316.

    Piot, P., Greener, R., & Russell, S. (2007). Squaring the circle: AIDS, poverty, and human development. PLoS medicine, 4(10), e314.

    Program, T. A. G. s. O. A. (2001). HIV?AIDS AND DEVELOPMENT IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC: A LENGTHENING SHADOW. Retrieved from https://www.dfat.gov.au/sites/default/files/aids_in_asia_pacific.pdf

    Rubtsova, A. A., Kempf, M.-C., Taylor, T. N., Konkle-Parker, D., Wingood, G. M., & Holstad, M. M. (2017). Healthy aging in older women living with HIV infection: a systematic review of psychosocial factors. Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 14, 17-30.

    Sambo, L. G. (2008). Message of the WHO Regional Director for Africa on the Occasion of International Women’s Day 2008, 8 March 2008. Retrieved from https://www.afro.who.int/regional-director/speeches-messages/message-who-regional-director-africa-occasion-international-0

    Scanlan, S. J. (2010). Gender, development, and HIV/AIDS: Implications for child mortality in less industrialized countries. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 51(3), 211-232.

    Scott, E., Simon, T., La Foucadeb, A., Karl, T., & Gittens-Baynes, K.-A. (2011). Poverty, employment and HIV/AIDS in Trinidad and Tobago. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 2(15).

    State, U. S. D. p. (2017). U.S. Global Strategy To Empower Adolescent Girls Retrieved from https://www.state.gov/u-s-global-strategy-to-empower-adolescent-girls/

    Tandipayuk, G., & Akhrani, L. A. (2021). The existence of single parents who have careers. Psychohealth: Scientific Journal of Psychology and Mental Health, 1(1), 37-48.

    TechnoServe. (n.d.). Women’s Economic Empowerment. Retrieved from https://www.technoserve.org/our-work/womens-economic-empowerment/

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    Udeh, C., Smith, W., & Shava, H. (2014). HIV/AIDS awareness and its impact on the profitability of business firms in developing nations. Mediter. J. Soc. Sci, 5(7).

    UNAIDS. (2002). Business taking action to manage HIV/AIDS. Retrieved from https://data.unaids.org/topics/partnership-menus/pdf/asianbusinessfolder_en.pdf

    UNAIDS. (2003). HIV/AIDS It's Your Business. Retrieved from https://data.unaids.org/publications/irc-pub06/jc1008-business_en.pdf

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    UPHIA. (2019). UGANDA POPULATION-BASED HIV IMPACT ASSESSMENT (UPHIA) 2016-2017. Retrieved from https://phia.icap.columbia.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/UPHIA_Final_Report_Revise_07.11.2019_Final_for-web.pdf

    USAID. (2004). AIDS in Africa During the Nineties Uganda: Young people, sex, and AIDS in Uganda. Retrieved from https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/Pnada252.pdf

    Were, M., & Nafula, N. N. (2003). An assessment of the impact of HIV/AIDS on Economic Growth: The case of Kenya. Aids on Economic Growth: The Case of Kenya (September 2003).

    Willis, N., Mavhu, W., Wogrin, C., Mutsinze, A., & Kagee, A. (2018). Understanding the experience and manifestation of depression in adolescents living with HIV in Harare, Zimbabwe. PloS one, 13(1), e0190423.

    Zhira, P. (2014). An analysis of the business response to HIV/AIDS in the catering industry in Zimbabwe: a case study for organisations affiliated to the National Employment Council for the catering industry. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University.

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  12. Esplen, E., & Brody, A. (2007). Putting gender back in the picture: rethinking women's economic empowerment: Institute of Development Studies: Bridge (development-gender).
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  15. Eunah, K., Eta, M. N., & Shepherd, M. (2024). Entrepreneurship pedagogy enhancing entrepreneurship intention in secondary school students in developing countries. International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management, 6(1), 117-133.
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  26. McCreanor, C. P. A. (2010). Economic impact of HIV and AIDS on the business process outsourcing and offshore contact centre industry in South africa. Stellenbosch: University of Stellenbosch.
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