The impact of transformational leadership on employee performance and organizational citizenship behavior
Abstract:
Purpose: This study investigates the influence of transformational leadership, organizational culture, and the implementation of paperless services on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and employee performance within the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency of East Java Province.
Methodology: A quantitative approach was employed, involving 122 employees surveyed through a census sampling technique. Data were collected using Likert-scale questionnaires and validated with Pearson’s product-moment correlation, while reliability was tested with Cronbach’s Alpha. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using AMOS and SPSS 20.0 was applied to examine the relationships among variables.
Results: The Findings indicate that transformational leadership, organizational culture, and paperless service implementation significantly and directly enhance OCB and employee performance. However, OCB does not act as a mediator between these factors and performance. The study confirms that strong leadership, a supportive culture, and digital transformation initiatives are critical to improving employee outcomes.
Conclusions: The research highlights that employee performance can be optimized through leadership that inspires, organizational values that reinforce cooperation, and technology that streamlines services. OCB plays a direct role in strengthening performance but does not moderate the effects of the other variables.
Limitations: This study was conducted within a single government agency, which may limit the generalizability of the findings. The exclusive focus on internal organizational variables may also overlook other external factors affecting employee performance.
Contribution: This study contributes to developing human resource management literature in the public sector by examining how leadership style, organizational culture, and digital transformation initiatives such as paperless services impact employee performance and OCB.
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Alaka?, E. Ö. (2024). Digital Transformational Leadership and Organizational Agility in Digital Transformation: Structural Equation Modelling of the Moderating Effects of Digital Culture and Digital Strategy. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 35(2). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hitech.2024.100517
Alamsjah, F., & Yunus, E. N. (2022). Achieving Supply Chain 4.0 and the Importance of Agility, Ambidexterity, and Organizational Culture: A Case of Indonesia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(2), 1-23. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8020083
Ali, Y., Uddin, A., & Petrillo, A. (2024). The Impact of Government Support and Organizational Culture on Sustainable Performance: Unveiling the Mediating Role of Circular Economy and Eco-Innovation. Sustainable Futures, 8, 1-12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2024.100346
Baig, M. I., & Yadegaridehkordi, E. (2023). Exploring Moderating Effects of Industry 4.0 Adoption on Sustainable Performance of Malaysian Manufacturing Organizations. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 40(4), 271-286. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/21681015.2023.2190766
Basco, R., Hair Jr, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). Advancing Family Business Research Through Modeling Nonlinear Relationships: Comparing PLS-SEM and Multiple Regression. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 13(3). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2021.100457
Batool, S., Ibrahim, H. I., & Adeel, A. (2024). How Responsible Leadership Pays Off: Role of Organizational Identification and Organizational Culture for Creative Idea Sharing. Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship, 3(2), 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stae.2023.100057
Bayraktar, S., & Jiménez, A. (2025). Exploring The Curvilinear Relationship Between Lmx And Negative Affect During Organizational Change: Can Transformational Leadership Brighten The Dark Corners? Journal of Organizational Change Management, 38(3), 587-604. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/jocm-11-2024-0743
Dyck, B., Walker, K., & Caza, A. (2019). Antecedents Of Sustainable Organizing: A Look At The Relationship Between Organizational Culture And The Triple Bottom Line. Journal of Cleaner Production, 231, 1235-1247. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.287
Franco, C., & Landini, F. (2022). Organizational Drivers of Innovation: The Role of Workforce Agility. Research policy, 51(2). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104423
Guo, R., Yin, H., & Liu, X. (2023). Coopetition, Organizational Agility, And Innovation Performance In Digital New Ventures. Industrial Marketing Management, 111, 143-157. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2023.04.003
Hair, J. F., Astrachan, C. B., Moisescu, O. I., Radomir, L., Sarstedt, M., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2021). Executing and Interpreting Applications of PLS-SEM: Updates for family Business Researchers. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 12(3). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2020.100392
Hermanto, Y. B., Srimulyani, V. A., & Pitoyo, D. J. (2024). The Mediating Role of Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment in the Link Between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Heliyon, 10(6). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27664
Hoang, T. N., & Le, P. B. (2025). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership On Knowledge Sharing Of Teachers: The Roles Of Knowledge-Centered Culture And Perceived Organizational Support. The Learning Organization, 32(2), 328-349. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/tlo-08-2023-0144
Khattak, S. I., Ali, M. I., Khan, M. M. A., & Kakar, A. S. (2025). Does Digital Leadership Capability, Knowledge Management Capability, and Organizational Agility Foster Digital Transformation in China? A Time-Lagged Survey-Based Assessment in Digital Transformation Projects. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2025.101873
Klein, G. (2023). Transformational and Transactional Leadership, Organizational Support and Environmental Competition Intensity as Antecedents of Intrapreneurial Behaviors. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 29(2), 1-11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2023.100215
Krutova, O. (2025). Part-Time Work, Job Satisfaction, Employee Well-Being And Organisational Restructuring. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 45 (5-6), 511–528. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-01-2025-0004
Lathabhavan, R., & Mehendale, S. (2025). Employee Satisfaction During The Transition From Work From Home To Hybrid Workplace: Exploring The Role Of Mindfulness. Mental Health and Social Inclusion, 29(4), 448–458. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/mhsi-12-2024-0216
Liu, C.-H., Lin, W.-P., Ng, Y.-L., Hsieh, A.-L., & Lin, J.-Y. (2024). The Relevance of Vision Sharing and Innovative Behavior on Transformational Leadership, Charismatic Influence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). International Journal of Hospitality Management, 123. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103891
Long, Y., & Xia, Y. (2025). Leveraging Transformational and Instructional Leadership for Teacher Professional Development: A Dual-Mediation Model of Teacher Self-Efficacy and Organisational Culture. Teaching and Teacher Education, 164. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2025.105087
Ma, Y., Teng, Y., & Yan, B. (2025). How Hospitality Employees’ Pro-Environmental Behavior Negatively Affects Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: The Multilevel Moderating Effect Of Green Transformational Leadership. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 46(5), 718-737. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-11-2024-0736
Mahroof, J., Rafi, A., & Ahmad, A. (2025). Talent Management during Digital Transformation: Role of Transformational Leadership and Resistance to Change. Technology in society, 83. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2025.102964
Marlow, D. (1996). Transformational Leadership. Radiology Management, 18(5), 51-53.
Moreno-Domínguez, M.-J., Escobar-Rodríguez, T., Pelayo-Díaz, Y.-M., & Tovar-García, I. (2024). Organizational Culture and Leadership Style in Spanish Hospitals: Effects on Knowledge Management and Efficiency. Heliyon, 10(20), 1-22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39216
Muslu, A. (2025). Innovation Management's Effect on Small-Medium Yacht Tourism Supply Enterprises' Organizational Performance. Research in Transportation Business & Management, 63, 1-10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101476
Nguyen, N. P., Hang, N. T. T., Hiep, N., & Flynn, O. (2023). Does Transformational Leadership Influence Organisational Culture and Organisational Performance: Empirical Evidence from an Emerging Country. IIMB Management Review, 35(4), 382-392. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2023.10.001
Peng, J., Peng, Z., Lei, S., & Xie, L. (2024). Family-Customer Happiness and its Impact on Customer Citizenship Behavior: A Study of Parent–Child Consumption in Robot Restaurants. Tourism Management Perspectives, 53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2024.101273
Pham, T. P., Nguyen, T. V., Nguyen, P. V., & Ahmed, Z. U. (2024). The Pathways to Innovative Work Behavior and Job Performance: Exploring the Role of Public Service Motivation, Transformational Leadership, and Person-Organization Fit in Vietnam's Public Sector. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(3), 1-12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100315
Priatna, D. K., Farooq, K., Yusliza, M., Muhammad, Z., Alkaf, A. R., & Siswanti, I. (2025). Employee Ecological Behavior Through Green Transformational Leadership: The Mediating Role Of Green Hrm Practices And Green Organizational Climate. Journal of Management Development, 44(3), 348-373. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-05-2024-0159
Ridic, O., Palalic, R., Jukic, T., Busatlic, S., Aidoo, A. W., Ridic, G., & Managafic, J. (2026). Transformational Leadership. International Encyclopedia of Business Management (First Edition), 1, 112-118. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-13701-3.00105-5
Sharma, R. K., & Kaur, S. (2024). Analysing the mediating role of organisational citizenship behaviour between transformational leadership and education 4.0 using PLS-SEM approach. International Journal of Educational Management, 38(2), 391-412.
Sharma, S., Albishri, N., Zafar, H., Singhal, A. B., & Singh, G. (2025). Shades of Green and Transformational Leadership: Predicting Employees' Green Creativity and Green Work Engagement at Work. Acta Psychologica, 259, 1-13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105393
Shmueli, G., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J.-H., Ting, H., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Predictive Model Assessment In PLS-SEM: Guidelines For Using Plspredict. European Journal of Marketing, 53(11), 2322-2347. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/ejm-02-2019-0189
Sriharan, A., Sekercioglu, N., Mitchell, C., Senkaiahliyan, S., Hertelendy, A., Porter, T., & Banaszak-Holl, J. (2024). Leadership for AI Transformation in Health Care Organization: Scoping Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, 1-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.2196/54556
Srivastava, S., Pathak, D., Soni, S., & Dixit, A. (2024). Does Green Transformational Leadership Reinforce Green Creativity? The Mediating Roles Of Green Organizational Culture And Green Mindfulness. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 37(3), 619-640. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/jocm-09-2023-0364
Wamba, S. F. (2022). Impact of Artificial Intelligence Assimilation on Firm Performance: The Mediating Effects of Organizational Agility and Customer Agility. International Journal of Information Management, 67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102544
Waseem, F., Mirza, M. Z., Memon, M. A., & Naseem, A. (2025). Unlocking Job Performance: The Role Of Transformational Leadership, Amo Framework And Green Hrm. Industrial and Commercial Training, 57(3), 309-328. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/ict-07-2024-0061
Yesilirmak, A. C., Tayfur Ekmekci, O., & Bayhan Karapinar, P. (2023). Desire To Work With Woman Manager: Interplay Between Sexism And Organizational Culture. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 38(5), 581-598. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/gm-07-2021-0225
Zheng, Y., Gao, Y. L., & Thomas, N. (2025). Enhancing Tourism and Hospitality Organizations’ ESG Via Transformational Leadership and Employee Pro-Environmental Behavior: The Effect of Organizational Culture. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 124. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103970
Zumitzavan, V., Prachumrasee, K., & Pathak, S. (2025). Transformational Leadership Cultivating Innovation and Transparency in Local Government Organisations, Thailand. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 11(3), 1-12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100626
- Alaka?, E. Ö. (2024). Digital Transformational Leadership and Organizational Agility in Digital Transformation: Structural Equation Modelling of the Moderating Effects of Digital Culture and Digital Strategy. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 35(2). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hitech.2024.100517
- Alamsjah, F., & Yunus, E. N. (2022). Achieving Supply Chain 4.0 and the Importance of Agility, Ambidexterity, and Organizational Culture: A Case of Indonesia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(2), 1-23. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8020083
- Ali, Y., Uddin, A., & Petrillo, A. (2024). The Impact of Government Support and Organizational Culture on Sustainable Performance: Unveiling the Mediating Role of Circular Economy and Eco-Innovation. Sustainable Futures, 8, 1-12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2024.100346
- Baig, M. I., & Yadegaridehkordi, E. (2023). Exploring Moderating Effects of Industry 4.0 Adoption on Sustainable Performance of Malaysian Manufacturing Organizations. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, 40(4), 271-286. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/21681015.2023.2190766
- Basco, R., Hair Jr, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). Advancing Family Business Research Through Modeling Nonlinear Relationships: Comparing PLS-SEM and Multiple Regression. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 13(3). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2021.100457
- Batool, S., Ibrahim, H. I., & Adeel, A. (2024). How Responsible Leadership Pays Off: Role of Organizational Identification and Organizational Culture for Creative Idea Sharing. Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship, 3(2), 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stae.2023.100057
- Bayraktar, S., & Jiménez, A. (2025). Exploring The Curvilinear Relationship Between Lmx And Negative Affect During Organizational Change: Can Transformational Leadership Brighten The Dark Corners? Journal of Organizational Change Management, 38(3), 587-604. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/jocm-11-2024-0743
- Dyck, B., Walker, K., & Caza, A. (2019). Antecedents Of Sustainable Organizing: A Look At The Relationship Between Organizational Culture And The Triple Bottom Line. Journal of Cleaner Production, 231, 1235-1247. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.287
- Franco, C., & Landini, F. (2022). Organizational Drivers of Innovation: The Role of Workforce Agility. Research policy, 51(2). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104423
- Guo, R., Yin, H., & Liu, X. (2023). Coopetition, Organizational Agility, And Innovation Performance In Digital New Ventures. Industrial Marketing Management, 111, 143-157. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2023.04.003
- Hair, J. F., Astrachan, C. B., Moisescu, O. I., Radomir, L., Sarstedt, M., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2021). Executing and Interpreting Applications of PLS-SEM: Updates for family Business Researchers. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 12(3). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfbs.2020.100392
- Hermanto, Y. B., Srimulyani, V. A., & Pitoyo, D. J. (2024). The Mediating Role of Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment in the Link Between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Heliyon, 10(6). doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27664
- Hoang, T. N., & Le, P. B. (2025). The Influence Of Transformational Leadership On Knowledge Sharing Of Teachers: The Roles Of Knowledge-Centered Culture And Perceived Organizational Support. The Learning Organization, 32(2), 328-349. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/tlo-08-2023-0144
- Khattak, S. I., Ali, M. I., Khan, M. M. A., & Kakar, A. S. (2025). Does Digital Leadership Capability, Knowledge Management Capability, and Organizational Agility Foster Digital Transformation in China? A Time-Lagged Survey-Based Assessment in Digital Transformation Projects. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 76. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2025.101873
- Klein, G. (2023). Transformational and Transactional Leadership, Organizational Support and Environmental Competition Intensity as Antecedents of Intrapreneurial Behaviors. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 29(2), 1-11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2023.100215
- Krutova, O. (2025). Part-Time Work, Job Satisfaction, Employee Well-Being And Organisational Restructuring. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 45 (5-6), 511–528. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/ijssp-01-2025-0004
- Lathabhavan, R., & Mehendale, S. (2025). Employee Satisfaction During The Transition From Work From Home To Hybrid Workplace: Exploring The Role Of Mindfulness. Mental Health and Social Inclusion, 29(4), 448–458. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/mhsi-12-2024-0216
- Liu, C.-H., Lin, W.-P., Ng, Y.-L., Hsieh, A.-L., & Lin, J.-Y. (2024). The Relevance of Vision Sharing and Innovative Behavior on Transformational Leadership, Charismatic Influence and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). International Journal of Hospitality Management, 123. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103891
- Long, Y., & Xia, Y. (2025). Leveraging Transformational and Instructional Leadership for Teacher Professional Development: A Dual-Mediation Model of Teacher Self-Efficacy and Organisational Culture. Teaching and Teacher Education, 164. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2025.105087
- Ma, Y., Teng, Y., & Yan, B. (2025). How Hospitality Employees’ Pro-Environmental Behavior Negatively Affects Organizational Citizenship Behaviors: The Multilevel Moderating Effect Of Green Transformational Leadership. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 46(5), 718-737. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-11-2024-0736
- Mahroof, J., Rafi, A., & Ahmad, A. (2025). Talent Management during Digital Transformation: Role of Transformational Leadership and Resistance to Change. Technology in society, 83. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2025.102964
- Marlow, D. (1996). Transformational Leadership. Radiology Management, 18(5), 51-53.
- Moreno-Domínguez, M.-J., Escobar-Rodríguez, T., Pelayo-Díaz, Y.-M., & Tovar-García, I. (2024). Organizational Culture and Leadership Style in Spanish Hospitals: Effects on Knowledge Management and Efficiency. Heliyon, 10(20), 1-22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39216
- Muslu, A. (2025). Innovation Management's Effect on Small-Medium Yacht Tourism Supply Enterprises' Organizational Performance. Research in Transportation Business & Management, 63, 1-10. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rtbm.2025.101476
- Nguyen, N. P., Hang, N. T. T., Hiep, N., & Flynn, O. (2023). Does Transformational Leadership Influence Organisational Culture and Organisational Performance: Empirical Evidence from an Emerging Country. IIMB Management Review, 35(4), 382-392. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2023.10.001
- Peng, J., Peng, Z., Lei, S., & Xie, L. (2024). Family-Customer Happiness and its Impact on Customer Citizenship Behavior: A Study of Parent–Child Consumption in Robot Restaurants. Tourism Management Perspectives, 53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2024.101273
- Pham, T. P., Nguyen, T. V., Nguyen, P. V., & Ahmed, Z. U. (2024). The Pathways to Innovative Work Behavior and Job Performance: Exploring the Role of Public Service Motivation, Transformational Leadership, and Person-Organization Fit in Vietnam's Public Sector. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(3), 1-12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100315
- Priatna, D. K., Farooq, K., Yusliza, M., Muhammad, Z., Alkaf, A. R., & Siswanti, I. (2025). Employee Ecological Behavior Through Green Transformational Leadership: The Mediating Role Of Green Hrm Practices And Green Organizational Climate. Journal of Management Development, 44(3), 348-373. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/jmd-05-2024-0159
- Ridic, O., Palalic, R., Jukic, T., Busatlic, S., Aidoo, A. W., Ridic, G., & Managafic, J. (2026). Transformational Leadership. International Encyclopedia of Business Management (First Edition), 1, 112-118. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-13701-3.00105-5
- Sharma, R. K., & Kaur, S. (2024). Analysing the mediating role of organisational citizenship behaviour between transformational leadership and education 4.0 using PLS-SEM approach. International Journal of Educational Management, 38(2), 391-412.
- Sharma, S., Albishri, N., Zafar, H., Singhal, A. B., & Singh, G. (2025). Shades of Green and Transformational Leadership: Predicting Employees' Green Creativity and Green Work Engagement at Work. Acta Psychologica, 259, 1-13. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105393
- Shmueli, G., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J.-H., Ting, H., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Predictive Model Assessment In PLS-SEM: Guidelines For Using Plspredict. European Journal of Marketing, 53(11), 2322-2347. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/ejm-02-2019-0189
- Sriharan, A., Sekercioglu, N., Mitchell, C., Senkaiahliyan, S., Hertelendy, A., Porter, T., & Banaszak-Holl, J. (2024). Leadership for AI Transformation in Health Care Organization: Scoping Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 26, 1-14. doi:https://doi.org/10.2196/54556
- Srivastava, S., Pathak, D., Soni, S., & Dixit, A. (2024). Does Green Transformational Leadership Reinforce Green Creativity? The Mediating Roles Of Green Organizational Culture And Green Mindfulness. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 37(3), 619-640. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/jocm-09-2023-0364
- Wamba, S. F. (2022). Impact of Artificial Intelligence Assimilation on Firm Performance: The Mediating Effects of Organizational Agility and Customer Agility. International Journal of Information Management, 67. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102544
- Waseem, F., Mirza, M. Z., Memon, M. A., & Naseem, A. (2025). Unlocking Job Performance: The Role Of Transformational Leadership, Amo Framework And Green Hrm. Industrial and Commercial Training, 57(3), 309-328. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/ict-07-2024-0061
- Yesilirmak, A. C., Tayfur Ekmekci, O., & Bayhan Karapinar, P. (2023). Desire To Work With Woman Manager: Interplay Between Sexism And Organizational Culture. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 38(5), 581-598. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/gm-07-2021-0225
- Zheng, Y., Gao, Y. L., & Thomas, N. (2025). Enhancing Tourism and Hospitality Organizations’ ESG Via Transformational Leadership and Employee Pro-Environmental Behavior: The Effect of Organizational Culture. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 124. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2024.103970
- Zumitzavan, V., Prachumrasee, K., & Pathak, S. (2025). Transformational Leadership Cultivating Innovation and Transparency in Local Government Organisations, Thailand. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 11(3), 1-12. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100626