Purpose: This study examines the relationship between fiscal deficits and current account deficits in SADC countries. Methods: A panel analysis using a random-effects model with secondary data from 2009 to 2020 was employed. Results: Higher fiscal deficits affected current account deficits in the SADC region. Real interest rates and trade openness are critical determinants of both deficits. Contributions: This study enhances the understanding of macroeconomic imbalances in the SADC region, guiding policymakers in creating tailored policy frameworks for economic stability and sustainable development. Novelty: The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between fiscal deficit and current account deficits in Southern African Development Community (SADC) 12-member countries, offering significant insights into the macroeconomic dynamics of the region. A panel analysis using a random effects model with data spanning September 2009 to December 2020 was employed, capturing trends and individual country effects. This study provides a robust examination of common trends and individual country effects, enriching the understanding of how these macroeconomic variables are important within the SADC context. Its emphasis on tailored policy frameworks to address fiscal and external imbalances reflects a forward-looking approach, offering practical guidance for policymakers striving to enhance economic stability and sustainable development within the SADC region. As an area for further study, the same research can be replicated in BRICKS countries and a comparative analysis can be conducted for a broader analysis.

Purpose: As financial stress considerably hinders the success and sustainability of female entrepreneurs in Nigeria, this is exacerbated by financial illiteracy, which leaves many unable to manage their business finances effectively. In view of the above problem, this study examines how financial literacy affects financial stress among female entrepreneurs in Nigeria. Methods: This study used a descriptive survey research design. The sample consisted of 285 female entrepreneurs selected from a population of 994 female entrepreneurs in Ebonyi State. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Ordinal regression analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses. Results: The use of financial products and services significantly reduces financial stress (?1 = -0.413391; p-value = 0.0261), budgeting significantly reduces financial stress (?2 = -0.080064; p-value = 0.0364), and emergency fund creation significantly reduces financial stress (?3 = -0.226254; p-value = 0.0094). Conclusion: Financial literacy mitigates the challenges of financial stress by empowering women with the knowledge and skills required to make informed financial decisions. Limitations: The study was limited to female entrepreneurs in Ebonyi State, which may not be representative of other regions or genders. Contributions: This study is useful in the fields of entrepreneurship, finance, and gender studies, particularly for policymakers, financial educators, and organizations that support female entrepreneurs. Recommendation: The Nigerian Ministry of Commerce, Industry, and Business Development should initiate entrepreneurial financial literacy programs incorporating practical tools, such aThe s interactive workshops on budget management, digital budgeting applications, and real-life case studies, to enhance budgeting skills among female entrepreneurs.