RNHR

Article Details

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): August

In Silico Approach in Medicinal Chemistry for the Discovery of Anti-Cancer Drug Candidates

https://doi.org/10.35912/rnhr.v1i1.4321
31 Aug 2025

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the potential of meciadanol as an anticancer drug candidate through an in silico approach in medicinal chemistry, focusing on its interaction with the DAPK1 (Death-Associated Protein Kinase 1) target protein and its pharmacokinetic feasibility.

Research Methodology: This research employed a computational approach using molecular docking analysis with AutoDock Vina to evaluate ligand-protein interactions between meciadanol and DAPK1. Furthermore, ADMET prediction was conducted using SwissADME and pkCSM to assess absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity profiles of the compound.

Results: The molecular docking results demonstrated that meciadanol showed a strong binding affinity toward DAPK1 with a binding energy value of -8.2 kcal/mol, indicating stable molecular interactions through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. ADMET analysis revealed that meciadanol has favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics, good oral bioavailability potential, and no predicted hepatotoxic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic effects.

Conclusions: The findings indicate that meciadanol has promising potential as an anticancer candidate and that in silico methods provide an efficient strategy for early-stage drug discovery by reducing time and cost requirements.

Limitations: This study is limited to computational predictions; therefore, further validation through in vitro and in vivo experiments is required to confirm biological effectiveness and safety.

Contribution: This research contributes to the development of computational-based medicinal chemistry approaches by providing preliminary evidence for meciadanol development as a structure-based anticancer agent.

Keywords

ADMET Anticancer DAPK1 In Silico Meciadanol

References

  1. Brown, N., & Ertl, P. (2017). Cheminformatics in drug discovery. Molecular Informatics, 36(3), 1600353. https://doi.org/10.1002/minf.201600353
  2. Chen, H., Engkvist, O., Wang, Y., Olivercrona, M., & Blaschke, T. (2018). The rise of deep learning in drug discovery. Drug Discovery Today, 23(6), 1241-1250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.039
  3. Cheng, F., Li, W., Liu, G., & Tang, Y. (2013). In silico ADMET prediction: Recent advances, current challenges and future trends. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, 13(11), 1273-1289. https://doi.org/10.2174/15680266113139990033
  4. Daina, A., Michielin, O., & Zoete, V. (2017). SwissADME: A free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules. Scientific Reports, 7, 42717. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep42717
  5. Egan, W. J., Merz, K. M., & Baldwin, J. J. (2000). Prediction of drug absorption using multivariate statistics. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 43(21), 3867-3877. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm000292e
  6. Fadlan, A., Warsito, T., & Sarmoko. (2021). An in silico approach to uncovering the anticancer potential of meciadanol. Journal of Research Chemistry, 6(2), 45-52..
  7. Ferreira, L. G., & Andricopulo, A. D. (2021). Molecular docking and structure-based drug design strategies in medicinal chemistry. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 28(12), 2397-2415. https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867327666200820112233
  8. Ferreira, L. G., dos Santos, R. N., Oliva, G., & Andricopulo, A. D. (2015). Molecular docking and structure-based drug design strategies. Molecules, 20(7), 13384-13421. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules200713384
  9. Hughes, J. P., Rees, S., Kalindjian, S. B., & Philpott, K. L. (2011). Principles of early drug discovery. British Journal of Pharmacology, 162(6), 1239-1249. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01127.x
  10. Islam, A., Jena, D., Mondal, N. S., Teli, A., Mondal, S., & Gautam, M. K. (2025). In-silico approaches for drug designing technology: Bridging discovery and development. Current Drug Discovery Technologies. https://doi.org/10.2174/0115701638326869250207060616
  11. Kitchen, D. B., Decornez, H., Furr, J. R., & Bajorath, J. (2004). Docking and scoring in virtual screening for drug discovery: Methods and applications. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 3(11), 935-949. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd1549
  12. Konturek, S. J., Brzozowski, T., & Piastucki, I. (1986). Gastroprotective effects of meciadanol against aspirin-induced gastric damage. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 31(5), 513-520. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01320318
  13. Lavecchia, A., & Di Giovanni, C. (2013). Virtual screening strategies in drug discovery: A critical review. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 20(23), 2839-2860. https://doi.org/10.2174/09298673113209990001
  14. Lionta, E., Spyrou, G., Vassilatis, D. K., & Cournia, Z. (2014). Structure-based virtual screening for drug discovery: Principles, applications and recent advances. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, 14(16), 1923-1938. https://doi.org/10.2174/1568026614666140929124445
  15. Lipinski, C. A., Lombardo, F., Dominy, B. W., & Feeney, P. J. (2001). Experimental and computational approaches to estimate solubility and permeability in drug discovery and development settings. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 46(1-3), 3-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-409X(00)00129-0
  16. Muegge, I. (2003). Selection criteria for drug-like chemical matter. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 46(4), 474-483. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm020180t
  17. Paul, D., Sanap, G., Shenoy, S., Kalyane, D., Kalia, K., & Tekade, R. K. (2021). Artificial intelligence in drug discovery and development. Drug Discovery Today, 26(1), 80-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.010
  18. Pinzi, L., & Rastelli, G. (2019). Molecular docking: Shifting paradigms in drug discovery. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(18), 4331. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184331
  19. Pires, D. E. V., Blundell, T. L., & Ascher, D. B. (2015). pkCSM: Predicting small-molecule pharmacokinetic and toxicity properties using graph-based signatures. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 58(9), 4066-4072. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00104
  20. Rasul, A., Shah, M. A., Hussain, G., Sarfraz, I., Hussain, M., Riaz, M. A., & Shu, X. (2024). Flavonoid-based anticancer agents: Mechanisms of action and structure-activity relationships. Phytomedicine, 122, 155159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155159
  21. Romo-Hernandez, A., Cortazar-Moya, S., Gonzalez-Perez, J. E., Jimenez-Gonzalez, O., Lopez-Malo, A., & Morales-Camacho, J. I. (2025). In silico strategies for drug discovery: Optimizing natural compounds from foods for therapeutic applications. Discover Chemistry, 2, 133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44371-025-00201-3
  22. Sabe, V. T., Ntombela, T., Jhamba, L. A., Maguire, G. E. M., Govender, T., & Kruger, H. G. (2021). Current trends in computer aided drug design and a highlight of drugs discovered via computational techniques. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 224, 113705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113705
  23. Shaker, B., Ahmad, S., Lee, J., Jung, C., & Na, D. (2021). In silico methods and tools for drug discovery. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 137, 104851. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104851
  24. Siegel, R. L., Miller, K. D., Wagle, N. S., & Jemal, A. (2023). Cancer statistics, 2023. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 73(1), 17-48. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21763
  25. Singh, P., Ravanan, P., & Talwar, P. (2016). Death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1): A regulator of apoptosis and autophagy. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 9, 46. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2016.00046
  26. Sliwoski, G., Kothiwale, S., Meiler, J., & Lowe, E. W. (2014). Computational methods in drug discovery. Pharmacological Reviews, 66(1), 334-395. https://doi.org/10.1124/pr.112.007336
  27. Tan, Y., Ci, H., Gao, S., Liu, M., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, X. (2023). Targeting death-associated protein kinases for treatment of human diseases: Recent advances and future directions. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 66, 1378-1398. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01606
  28. Trott, O., & Olson, A. J. (2010). AutoDock Vina: Improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 31(2), 455-461. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21334
  29. Veber, D. F., Johnson, S. R., Cheng, H. Y., Smith, B. R., Ward, K. W., & Kopple, K. D. (2002). Molecular properties that influence the oral bioavailability of drug candidates. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 45(12), 2615-2623. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm020017n
  30. Wang, Y., Xing, J., Xu, Y., Zhou, N., Peng, J., Xiong, Z., Liu, X., Luo, X., Luo, C., & Chen, K. (2019). In silico ADMET prediction: Recent advances, current challenges and future trends. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10, 880. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00880
  31. World Health Organization. (2021). Cancer fact sheet. WHO. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer
  32. Zhang, Q., Chen, K., Song, Z., Chen, G., Chen, B., & Su, H. (2020). Application of deep learning in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 27(36), 6093-6107. https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867326666191016115359
WhatsApp Instagram Facebook LinkedIn Email