Toward a greener future: Exploring sustainable practices in travel and tourism in Bali

Published: Jul 5, 2024

Abstract:

Purpose: This study examines sustainable practices in travel and tourism, particularly Balinese tourism. It reviews the literature to understand the current sustainability efforts and suggests ways to enhance environmental, social, and economic sustainability. The aim is to offer ideas for a greener future in travel and tourism that is applicable beyond Bali.

Research Methodology: This study employs a quantitative approach, focusing on structural equation modelling, to investigate sustainable tourism practices in Bali. A quantitative approach was selected for its ability to offer a comprehensive understanding of sustainable practices, challenges, and opportunities in Balinese tourism.

Results: The findings suggest that while progress has been made in implementing sustainable practices, challenges remain to be overcome, such as balancing economic growth with environmental protection and ensuring that benefits are equally distributed among local communities.

Limitations: The main limitation of this study is its reliance on quantitative analysis, which might limit the depth of analysis and the ability to collect firsthand insights from Balinese tourism stakeholders. Focusing solely on Balinese tourism could restrict the relevance of these findings to other locations.

Contribution: This research can improve environmental, social, and economic sustainability. It aims to benefit policymakers, industry practitioners, and academics interested in promoting sustainability of travel and tourism in Bali and beyond.

Novelty: This study is unique in its exploration of sustainable travel and tourism practices. Although sustainability in tourism is gaining attention, this study stands out for its detailed examination of environmental conservation, social responsibility, and economic viability.

Keywords:
1. A Greener Travel and Tourism
2. Environmental Conservation
3. Sustainable Tourism
Authors:
1 . Ari Apriani
2 . Kamsariaty Kamsariaty
3 . Nia Sarinastiti
4 . Hilda Yuliastuti
5 . Sukmayadi Sukmayadi
How to Cite
Apriani, A., Kamsariaty, K., Nia Sarinastiti, Hilda Yuliastuti, & Sukmayadi, S. (2024). Toward a greener future: Exploring sustainable practices in travel and tourism in Bali. Journal of Sustainable Tourism and Entrepreneurship, 4(3), 241–252. https://doi.org/10.35912/joste.v4i3.2092

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References

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    Ardialisa, F., Hermawan, A., & Chozin, M. A. (2012). Analysis On Sustainability Of Tourism Business. Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis, 9(2), 27-38.

    Ardoin, N. M., Bowers, A. W., & Gaillard, E. (2020). Environmental education outcomes for conservation: A systematic review. Biological conservation, 241, 108224.

    Ariyanto, A. (2019). The Influence of Price and Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at PT Sarana Estate. Jurnal Administrare: Jurnal Pemikiran Ilmiah dan Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran, 6(2), 217-228.

    Asmelash, A. G., & Kumar, S. (2019). Assessing progress of tourism sustainability: Developing and validating sustainability indicators. Tourism management, 71, 67-83.

    Astawa, I., Triyuni, N., & Santosa, I. (2018). Sustainable tourism and harmonious culture: a case study of cultic model at village tourism. Paper presented at the Journal of Physics: Conference Series.

    Bennett, N. J., Whitty, T. S., Finkbeiner, E., Pittman, J., Bassett, H., Gelcich, S., & Allison, E. H. (2018). Environmental stewardship: A conceptual review and analytical framework. Environmental management, 61, 597-614.

    Bichurova, I., & Yordanova-Dinova, P. (2019). THE GREEN IDEA IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM. KNOWLEDGE-International Journal, 34(5), 1553-1558.

    Buckley, R. (2012). Sustainable tourism: Research and reality. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 528-546.

    Budhiastra, I. M. M. (2016). An essay on Karma Karana: A notion on restructuring the Bali hospitality and service industry by re-establishing the concepts of Tri Hita Karana and Karmaphala. Research in Hospitality Management, 6(2), 219-224.

    Chengcai, T., Qianqian, Z., Nana, Q., Yan, S., Shushu, W., & Ling, F. (2017). A review of green development in the tourism industry. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 8(5), 449-459.

    Chiu, Y.-T. H., Lee, W.-I., & Chen, T.-H. (2014). Environmentally responsible behavior in ecotourism: Antecedents and implications. Tourism management, 40, 321-329.

    Cristobal-Fransi, E., Daries, N., Ferrer-Rosell, B., Marine-Roig, E., & Martin-Fuentes, E. (2020). Sustainable tourism marketing (Vol. 12, pp. 1865): MDPI.

    Dewi, M. A., Issundari, S., Rachmawati, I., & Sugiarto, M. (2019). Fostering Sustainable Tourism Development in Merauke through Community-Based Tourism. SOCIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 16(2), 124-132.

    Erianda, A., Alanda, A., & Hidayat, R. (2023). Systematic Literature Review: Digitalization of Rural Tourism Towards Sustainable Tourism. International Journal of Advanced Science Computing and Engineering, 5(3), 247-256.

    Ernawati, N. M., Sudarmini, N. M., & Sukmawati, N. M. R. (2018). Impacts of Tourism in Ubud Bali Indonesia: A community-based tourism perspective. Paper presented at the Journal of Physics: Conference Series.

    Guo, Y., Jiang, J., & Li, S. (2019). A sustainable tourism policy research review. Sustainability, 11(11), 3187.

    Gutiérrez-Marines, C., & Reyes-Mercado, P. (2018). Sustainable tourist attractions and destinations visited by its ecological contribution? A conjoint analysis study. International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing, 6(2), 136-152.

    Halim, D., & Ervina, E. (2021). Comparative study: Perception on sustainable tourism of urban and rural eco-villages in Bali. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.

    Harmini, A. A. N. (2017). Model of Green Tourism Destination at Nusa Lembongan, Klungkung Regency, Bali Province. Journal of Business on Hospitality and Tourism, 2(1), 250-260.

    Hengky. (2016). Contemplating Sustainable Coastal Tourism in Balekambang Beach, Indonesia. Business management and strategy, 7(2).

    Islam, M. F., Zhang, J., & Hasan, N. (2020). Assessing the adoption of sustainability practices in tourism industry: Insights from a developing country. The Bottom Line, 33(1), 94-115.

    Janusz, G. K., & Bajdor, P. (2013). Towards to sustainable tourism–framework, activities and dimensions. Procedia Economics and Finance, 6, 523-529.

    Lee, T. H., & Jan, F.-H. (2019). Can community-based tourism contribute to sustainable development? Evidence from residents’ perceptions of the sustainability. Tourism management, 70, 368-380.

    Maftuhah, D. I., & Wirjodirdjo, B. (2018). Model for developing five key pillars of sustainable tourism: A literature review. Paper presented at the AIP Conference Proceedings.

    Magalhaes, A. L., Andreoni, B., Dos Santos, E. J., & Cristina, Y. (2014). The economy of sustainable tourism. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, 13(4), 395-407.

    Mbaiwa, J. E., & Kolawole, O. D. (2013). Tourism and biodiversity conservation: the case of community-based natural resource management in Southern Africa. CABI Reviews(2013), 1-10.

    Mutaqin, B., Marfai, M., Helmi, M., Rindarjono, M., & Windayati, R. (2020). Spatio-temporal mapping of ecotourism activities in Buleleng conservation zone: a methodological review. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.

    Ningrum, L., Hendradewi, S., & Nurbaeti, N. (2018). Healthy Rural Tourism with Good Management in Penglipuran Bali–Indonesia. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.

    Nugraha, F. A., & Maryono, M. (2018). Community concern on environmental conservation. Paper presented at the E3S Web of Conferences.

    Oka, I. M. D., Astuti, N. W. W., & Suparta, I. K. (2021). Undagi farmers village. Paper presented at the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Social Science (ICAST-SS 2020).

    Osiako, P. O., Wikurendra, E. A., & Abdeljawad, N. S. (2022). Concept of green marketing in environment conservation: A literature review.

    Ottenbacher, M. C., Schwebler, S., Metzler, D., & Harrington, R. J. (2015). Sustainability Criteria for Tourism Attractions: A Case Study of Germany. International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development (IJSESD), 6(2), 20-39.

    Pan, S.-Y., Gao, M., Kim, H., Shah, K. J., Pei, S.-L., & Chiang, P.-C. (2018). Advances and challenges in sustainable tourism toward a green economy. Science of the Total Environment, 635, 452-469.

    Permanasari, G. H., Suherman, S., & Budiati, L. (2021). The implementation of environmental education to achieve sustainable development: literature review. Paper presented at the E3S Web of Conferences.

    Purwaningsih, R., Annisa, H. N., Susanty, A., & Puspitaningrum, D. D. (2020). Assessment of tourism destination sustainability status using rap-tourism case of natural based tourism. Paper presented at the AIP Conference Proceedings.

    Ramaswamy, S., & Sathis Kumar, G. (2010). Tourism and Environment: Pave the Way for Sustainable Eco-Tourism. Tourism and Environment: Pave the Way for Sustainable Eco-Tourism.

    Reiser, D. (2012). Sustainability of tourism: cultural and environmental perspectives. Anatolia, 23(2), 299-301. doi:10.1080/13032917.2012.692999

    Scott, D. (2021). Sustainable tourism and the grand challenge of climate change. Sustainability, 13(4), 1966.

    Setini, M., Wardana, I., Sukaatmadja, I., Ekawati, N., Yasa, N., & Astawa, I. (2021). Policy models for improving ecotourism performance to build quality tourism experience and sustainable tourism. Management Science Letters, 11(2), 595-608.

    Shafieisabet, N., & Haratifard, S. (2020). The empowerment of local tourism stakeholders and their perceived environmental effects for participation in sustainable development of tourism. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 486-498.

    Sharma, G. D., Stanimir, A., Przybysz, K., & Roszko-Wójtowicz, E. (2023). How do European seniors perceive and implement the postulates of sustainable tourism? Equilibrium, 18(4).

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    Van, V. H. (2020). Linking Cultural Heritage with Cultural Tourism Development: A Way to Develop Tourism Sustainably.

    Wahono, P., Poernomo, D., & Kusumah, M. (2019). Strategy for developing sustainable ecotourism. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.

    Xiao, H. (2022). Analysis of the combination of the regional natural environment and local characteristics of the tourism industry under the perspective of synergistic development. Journal of environmental and public health, 2022(1), 2955401.

    Yfantidou, G., Spyridopoulou, E., Kouthouris, C., Balaska, P., Matarazzo, M., & Costa, G. (2017). The future of sustainable tourism development for the Greek enterprises that provide sport tourism. Tourism Economics, 23(5), 1155-1162.

    Zakharchenko, P., Kostenko, G., Zhvanenko, S., & Mukhin, V. (2021). Sustainable development of environment in the tourism destination areas: tourists’ perception of the issue. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.

    Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Ye, Y., Wu, Q., Jin, L., & Zhang, H. (2016). Residents’ environmental conservation behaviors at tourist sites: Broadening the norm activation framework by adopting environment attachment. Sustainability, 8(6), 571.

    Zhu, H., Zhang, J., Zhao, L., & Jin, S. (2017). Low carbon transition and sustainable development path of tourism industry. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.

    Zhu, W., & Lu, D. (2019). A Study on the Factors and Enhancement Strategies of Environmental Responsibility of Eco-Tourists. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.

    Zolfani, S. H., Sedaghat, M., Maknoon, R., & Zavadskas, E. K. (2015). Sustainable tourism: a comprehensive literature review on frameworks and applications. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 28(1), 1-30.

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  2. Ardialisa, F., Hermawan, A., & Chozin, M. A. (2012). Analysis On Sustainability Of Tourism Business. Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis, 9(2), 27-38.
  3. Ardoin, N. M., Bowers, A. W., & Gaillard, E. (2020). Environmental education outcomes for conservation: A systematic review. Biological conservation, 241, 108224.
  4. Ariyanto, A. (2019). The Influence of Price and Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction at PT Sarana Estate. Jurnal Administrare: Jurnal Pemikiran Ilmiah dan Pendidikan Administrasi Perkantoran, 6(2), 217-228.
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  6. Astawa, I., Triyuni, N., & Santosa, I. (2018). Sustainable tourism and harmonious culture: a case study of cultic model at village tourism. Paper presented at the Journal of Physics: Conference Series.
  7. Bennett, N. J., Whitty, T. S., Finkbeiner, E., Pittman, J., Bassett, H., Gelcich, S., & Allison, E. H. (2018). Environmental stewardship: A conceptual review and analytical framework. Environmental management, 61, 597-614.
  8. Bichurova, I., & Yordanova-Dinova, P. (2019). THE GREEN IDEA IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM. KNOWLEDGE-International Journal, 34(5), 1553-1558.
  9. Buckley, R. (2012). Sustainable tourism: Research and reality. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 528-546.
  10. Budhiastra, I. M. M. (2016). An essay on Karma Karana: A notion on restructuring the Bali hospitality and service industry by re-establishing the concepts of Tri Hita Karana and Karmaphala. Research in Hospitality Management, 6(2), 219-224.
  11. Chengcai, T., Qianqian, Z., Nana, Q., Yan, S., Shushu, W., & Ling, F. (2017). A review of green development in the tourism industry. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 8(5), 449-459.
  12. Chiu, Y.-T. H., Lee, W.-I., & Chen, T.-H. (2014). Environmentally responsible behavior in ecotourism: Antecedents and implications. Tourism management, 40, 321-329.
  13. Cristobal-Fransi, E., Daries, N., Ferrer-Rosell, B., Marine-Roig, E., & Martin-Fuentes, E. (2020). Sustainable tourism marketing (Vol. 12, pp. 1865): MDPI.
  14. Dewi, M. A., Issundari, S., Rachmawati, I., & Sugiarto, M. (2019). Fostering Sustainable Tourism Development in Merauke through Community-Based Tourism. SOCIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 16(2), 124-132.
  15. Erianda, A., Alanda, A., & Hidayat, R. (2023). Systematic Literature Review: Digitalization of Rural Tourism Towards Sustainable Tourism. International Journal of Advanced Science Computing and Engineering, 5(3), 247-256.
  16. Ernawati, N. M., Sudarmini, N. M., & Sukmawati, N. M. R. (2018). Impacts of Tourism in Ubud Bali Indonesia: A community-based tourism perspective. Paper presented at the Journal of Physics: Conference Series.
  17. Guo, Y., Jiang, J., & Li, S. (2019). A sustainable tourism policy research review. Sustainability, 11(11), 3187.
  18. Gutiérrez-Marines, C., & Reyes-Mercado, P. (2018). Sustainable tourist attractions and destinations visited by its ecological contribution? A conjoint analysis study. International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing, 6(2), 136-152.
  19. Halim, D., & Ervina, E. (2021). Comparative study: Perception on sustainable tourism of urban and rural eco-villages in Bali. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
  20. Harmini, A. A. N. (2017). Model of Green Tourism Destination at Nusa Lembongan, Klungkung Regency, Bali Province. Journal of Business on Hospitality and Tourism, 2(1), 250-260.
  21. Hengky. (2016). Contemplating Sustainable Coastal Tourism in Balekambang Beach, Indonesia. Business management and strategy, 7(2).
  22. Islam, M. F., Zhang, J., & Hasan, N. (2020). Assessing the adoption of sustainability practices in tourism industry: Insights from a developing country. The Bottom Line, 33(1), 94-115.
  23. Janusz, G. K., & Bajdor, P. (2013). Towards to sustainable tourism–framework, activities and dimensions. Procedia Economics and Finance, 6, 523-529.
  24. Lee, T. H., & Jan, F.-H. (2019). Can community-based tourism contribute to sustainable development? Evidence from residents’ perceptions of the sustainability. Tourism management, 70, 368-380.
  25. Maftuhah, D. I., & Wirjodirdjo, B. (2018). Model for developing five key pillars of sustainable tourism: A literature review. Paper presented at the AIP Conference Proceedings.
  26. Magalhaes, A. L., Andreoni, B., Dos Santos, E. J., & Cristina, Y. (2014). The economy of sustainable tourism. International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development, 13(4), 395-407.
  27. Mbaiwa, J. E., & Kolawole, O. D. (2013). Tourism and biodiversity conservation: the case of community-based natural resource management in Southern Africa. CABI Reviews(2013), 1-10.
  28. Mutaqin, B., Marfai, M., Helmi, M., Rindarjono, M., & Windayati, R. (2020). Spatio-temporal mapping of ecotourism activities in Buleleng conservation zone: a methodological review. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
  29. Ningrum, L., Hendradewi, S., & Nurbaeti, N. (2018). Healthy Rural Tourism with Good Management in Penglipuran Bali–Indonesia. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
  30. Nugraha, F. A., & Maryono, M. (2018). Community concern on environmental conservation. Paper presented at the E3S Web of Conferences.
  31. Oka, I. M. D., Astuti, N. W. W., & Suparta, I. K. (2021). Undagi farmers village. Paper presented at the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Social Science (ICAST-SS 2020).
  32. Osiako, P. O., Wikurendra, E. A., & Abdeljawad, N. S. (2022). Concept of green marketing in environment conservation: A literature review.
  33. Ottenbacher, M. C., Schwebler, S., Metzler, D., & Harrington, R. J. (2015). Sustainability Criteria for Tourism Attractions: A Case Study of Germany. International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development (IJSESD), 6(2), 20-39.
  34. Pan, S.-Y., Gao, M., Kim, H., Shah, K. J., Pei, S.-L., & Chiang, P.-C. (2018). Advances and challenges in sustainable tourism toward a green economy. Science of the Total Environment, 635, 452-469.
  35. Permanasari, G. H., Suherman, S., & Budiati, L. (2021). The implementation of environmental education to achieve sustainable development: literature review. Paper presented at the E3S Web of Conferences.
  36. Purwaningsih, R., Annisa, H. N., Susanty, A., & Puspitaningrum, D. D. (2020). Assessment of tourism destination sustainability status using rap-tourism case of natural based tourism. Paper presented at the AIP Conference Proceedings.
  37. Ramaswamy, S., & Sathis Kumar, G. (2010). Tourism and Environment: Pave the Way for Sustainable Eco-Tourism. Tourism and Environment: Pave the Way for Sustainable Eco-Tourism.
  38. Reiser, D. (2012). Sustainability of tourism: cultural and environmental perspectives. Anatolia, 23(2), 299-301. doi:10.1080/13032917.2012.692999
  39. Scott, D. (2021). Sustainable tourism and the grand challenge of climate change. Sustainability, 13(4), 1966.
  40. Setini, M., Wardana, I., Sukaatmadja, I., Ekawati, N., Yasa, N., & Astawa, I. (2021). Policy models for improving ecotourism performance to build quality tourism experience and sustainable tourism. Management Science Letters, 11(2), 595-608.
  41. Shafieisabet, N., & Haratifard, S. (2020). The empowerment of local tourism stakeholders and their perceived environmental effects for participation in sustainable development of tourism. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 486-498.
  42. Sharma, G. D., Stanimir, A., Przybysz, K., & Roszko-Wójtowicz, E. (2023). How do European seniors perceive and implement the postulates of sustainable tourism? Equilibrium, 18(4).
  43. Sinaga, F., Bendesa, I. K. G., Suryawardani, I. G. A. O., Wiranatha, A. S., & Arianti, S. P. (2020). The Development Strategy of Bali as Sustainable Event Conference Destination Based on Satisfaction Level: Service Quality, Green Meeting, Loyalty. Management, 8(3), 247-250.
  44. Streimikiene, D., Svagzdiene, B., Jasinskas, E., & Simanavicius, A. (2021). Sustainable tourism development and competitiveness: The systematic literature review. Sustainable development, 29(1), 259-271.
  45. Suarta, I. K., & Budiarta, I. P. (2019). Marketing Strategy of Marine Tourism in the Village of Serangan Denpasar. Paper presented at the International Conference On Applied Science and Technology 2019-Social Sciences Track (iCASTSS 2019).
  46. Trstenjak, A., Žikovi?, I. T., & Žikovi?, S. (2023). How to make EU tourism sector greener, more efficient and sustainable: a bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 13(2), 77-85.
  47. Van, V. H. (2020). Linking Cultural Heritage with Cultural Tourism Development: A Way to Develop Tourism Sustainably.
  48. Wahono, P., Poernomo, D., & Kusumah, M. (2019). Strategy for developing sustainable ecotourism. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
  49. Xiao, H. (2022). Analysis of the combination of the regional natural environment and local characteristics of the tourism industry under the perspective of synergistic development. Journal of environmental and public health, 2022(1), 2955401.
  50. Yfantidou, G., Spyridopoulou, E., Kouthouris, C., Balaska, P., Matarazzo, M., & Costa, G. (2017). The future of sustainable tourism development for the Greek enterprises that provide sport tourism. Tourism Economics, 23(5), 1155-1162.
  51. Zakharchenko, P., Kostenko, G., Zhvanenko, S., & Mukhin, V. (2021). Sustainable development of environment in the tourism destination areas: tourists’ perception of the issue. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
  52. Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., Ye, Y., Wu, Q., Jin, L., & Zhang, H. (2016). Residents’ environmental conservation behaviors at tourist sites: Broadening the norm activation framework by adopting environment attachment. Sustainability, 8(6), 571.
  53. Zhu, H., Zhang, J., Zhao, L., & Jin, S. (2017). Low carbon transition and sustainable development path of tourism industry. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
  54. Zhu, W., & Lu, D. (2019). A Study on the Factors and Enhancement Strategies of Environmental Responsibility of Eco-Tourists. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
  55. Zolfani, S. H., Sedaghat, M., Maknoon, R., & Zavadskas, E. K. (2015). Sustainable tourism: a comprehensive literature review on frameworks and applications. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 28(1), 1-30.