Purpose: This study examines the effects of leadership styles and proactive behavior on the innovative work behaviors of private school teachers in Barkin, Ladi, and Plateau states. Research Methodology: The study drew a sample of private schoolteachers in Barkin-ladi using a quota sampling technique. The sample numbered 201, being male (82) and female (119), between the ages of 15 and 64 years, with different levels of educational qualification. The scales deployed in measuring innovative work behaviour, proactive behavior, and leadership styles were already standardized scales that were designed to measure the constructs in school settings. Results: The study found that the sampled teachers exhibited all leadership styles: transformational, transactional, and laissez. Leadership styles and proactive work behavior had a significant effect on teachers’ innovative work behaviors. There was no significant interaction effect between leadership style and proactive work behavior on innovative work behavior. Limitations: The sample size of this study was limited because the actual population was uncertain. Contribution: This study shows that transformational and transactional leadership styles, as well as proactive work behaviors, are important to provoke teachers’ innovative work behaviors in private schools in Barkin-ladi. Novelty: The study has been able to show the teacher plays the role of the leader in the class and his innovative teaching behaviour is provoked by proactive behaviours and transformational/transactional leadership styles.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the variables affecting the Inyati community in Inyati Mine's adoption of mobile money. Research Methodology: A descriptive research design was employed using a stratified random sampling technique. Results: A target population of 300 households was contacted, and the research concluded that some rural residents find it difficult to access mobile money because of their inferior technological skills, while others believe that network coverage is limited to certain areas of the community, and rural residents are adopting mobile money more slowly than their urban counterparts. Limitations: The study was restricted to a small community; hence, the findings may not be applicable to a wider community.   Recommendations: This research recommends that network operators ensure network consistency and wide coverage if potential members of the communities are to be included in the mobile wallet. It further recommends some improvements to mobile app systems to remove application complexity; it recommends that mobile money operators partner with international remitting agencies to include excluded groups of potential customers who receive their income from abroad. It also recommends abolishing end-to-end transaction fees to reduce overall transaction costs.

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of the digital revolution on everyday life, focusing mainly on the emergence of e-wallets as substitutes for traditional physical wallets, and the adoption of various banking technologies in Bangladesh. Research Methodology: This study examines the utilization of several banking technologies in Bangladesh, including bKash Limited's mobile banking services, which were introduced in July 2011, and offer secure and convenient financial services to individuals with or without bank accounts. Additionally, this study explores the National Payment Switch developed by Bangladesh Bank in 2012, which aims to standardize electronic payments among commercial banks, facilitating cash withdrawals using plastic cards at ATMs and point-of-sale (POS) locations. Results: The findings indicate that bKash Limited's mobile wallet facilitates secure transactions through its highly encrypted Visa technology platform, enabling customers to deposit for various services such as wages, loans, and domestic remittances. However, the availability of bKash is limited to specific networks and areas, with restrictions on the use of bank accounts. Moreover, implementing the National Payment Switch is expected to reduce transaction costs, enhance financial inclusivity, and streamline online transactions by eliminating individual payment networks. Limitations: One limitation of the study is the limited availability of bKash in specific regions and networks, and the restrictions imposed on bank account usage within the system. Contribution: This study contributes to the understanding of the evolving landscape of digital banking technologies in Bangladesh by offering insights into the adoption and impact of e-wallets and other banking solutions. The findings may inform policymakers, financial institutions, and researchers about strategies to enhance financial inclusivity, reduce transaction costs, and promote digitalization in the banking sector.