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Leveraging SMEs financial inclusion through agency banking in Zimbabwe

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of agency banking on the financial inclusion of SMEs, determine factors that influence the adoption of agency banking by SMEs, and establish an agency banking model that can be adopted to improve the financial inclusion of SMEs in Zimbabwe. Research Methodology: The study uses a mixed-method approach and is explanatory. Questionnaires and informants were used as research instruments, with a random sample of 78 respondents and 10 purposively selected agents. Inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: The findings shed light on the effects of agency banking on financial inclusion and impediments to financial inclusion, and identify the channels of agency banking being used most frequently. Factors that influenced the adoption of technology were also identified. Limitations: The study was limited to one population group and one locality, although financial inclusion should ideally include all population groups. Contribution: This study recommends a unique model that can be used to enhance financial inclusion through agency banking, which has been identified as a pillar of financial inclusion. Therefore, the results are useful to policymakers and future researchers.

Pages: 189-203

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Addressing Barriers to entry into international trade by SMEs in Zimbabwe

Purpose: The study sought to establish strategies to address barriers to entry into international trade by SMEs in Harare. It was triggered by the need to increase the participation of Zimbabwean SMEs in foreign markets. Research methodology: The research study adopted an explanatory approach using a survey strategy and data was collected from 322 registered SMEs in Harare using questionnaires. Data was analysed using SPSS 27 to calculate descriptive and inferential statistics and Chi-square tests, correlation, and regression analyses were used to address the research questions. Results: Barriers to entry into international trade identified were a lack of managerial expertise and entrepreneurial skills and low advertising levels. The study recommends that SMEs increase the number of skilled personnel and develop SME management. SME management should also increase market knowledge and promote innovation to allow for SMEs to participate meaningfully in international trade. Limitation: The study was limited to SMEs operating in Harare only. It was quantitative and explanatory. Contribution: The study makes a significant contribution to the existing body of knowledge by bringing to the fore strategies that could enhance the international participation of SMEs, which are the backbone of economic growth in Zimbabwe.