Purpose: This study aims to design integrative transcendental planning based on exploring phenomena in Rawabogo Village. Since 2011, Rawabogo Village has been designated as a tourism village with customs and cultural heritage. However, the development of tourism village planning has yet to show significant progress. Research Methodology:  Descriptive qualitative with a symbolic and critical hermeneutic approach, which produces integrative transcendental planning. The data is collected through remote observation and understanding of the information unit. Results: The results provide an explanation and understanding that Rawabogo Village has the potential to be developed as a tourism village with the oral traditions of the Mount Nagara Padang site and local cultural life as the main attraction. This attraction must be aligned with stakeholder planning and understanding by sustainably implementing economic, innovation, cultural landscape, and community strategies. This strategy will have implications for tourism village planning in Rawabogo Village. Limitations: The limitation of this research lies in the process of meaning, which is not too deep, and methods can only be implemented in small planning scopes. Contributions: Integrative transcendental planning is a new contribution to the development of village planning and development paradigms because it does not only consider instrumental approaches but also communication and phenomenological approaches that are appropriate for village phenomena. Customs and cultural heritage are a phenomenon with significant potential that needs to be packaged sustainably to become a tourist attraction in Rawabogo Village.

Purpose: This research paper aims to explore how positive psychological resources influence youth participating in the Industrial Training Fund’s (ITF) National Industrial Skill Development Programme (NISDP), specifically examining the programs’ impact on self-employment creation in Plateau State, Nigeria. Method: The paper employs Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to examine the relationship between positive psychological resources and self-employment creation in Plateau State. Results: The study concludes that dimensions of positive psychological resources serve as effective predictors of self-employment creation among youths. However, it notes that two dimensions; resilience and hope, did not exhibit a significant positive relationship. Nonetheless, the lack of significance does not negate the existence of a relationship explaining self-employment creation among youths in the context of this study. Limitations: Several factors constrained the study. It was conducted within a specific constituency in Plateau State, limiting its scope and generalizability. Therefore, the results may not be applicable to the entire state. Contributions: This study offers insights beneficial to both self-employed and unemployed youths, emphasizing the importance of a positive mindset in self-employment creation. The findings are particularly relevant to the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) and its National Industrial Skills Development Programme (NISDP), shedding light on the effectiveness of their training programs fostering self-employment. Moreover, this research contributes to the existing body of literature on self-employment creation among youths and extends understanding of positive psychological capital resources (PSYCAP) by examining various dimensions. Additionally, it provides guidance for future directions in research and practice in this field.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the role of the KADARKUM program in enhancing citizens’ legal awareness to support rural development. Research Methodology:  This study uses a qualitative approach and employs a literature review method to analyze the existing literature related to legal awareness improvement and citizen engagement in village development. It involves an in-depth review of the relevant literature to understand the factors influencing legal awareness among rural communities, effective strategies for enhancing legal awareness, and the benefits of citizen engagement in promoting rural development. Results: The findings indicate that enhancing legal awareness through the KADARKUM programme has the potential to increase citizen engagement in supporting rural development. Limitations: This study was limited to a literature review and did not include original data collection or empirical research in a specific location. Contributions: This study provides valuable insights into the significance of improving legal awareness as a foundational step in fostering citizen engagement to support rural development. The implications of this study can be used to formulate effective policies and intervention programs for community development. Novelty: The novelty of this study lies in its focus on the KADARKUM programme as a potential mechanism to strengthen legal awareness and citizen engagement in the context of rural development.