Annals of Human Resource Management Research

Annals of Human Resource Management Research (AHRMR) is an international, peer-reviewed, and scholarly journal which publishes high-quality research to answer important and interesting questions, develop or test theory, replicate prior studies, explore interesting phenomena, review and synthesize existing research and provide new perspective aimed at stimulating future theory development and empirical research across the human resource management discipline.

Annals of Human Resource Management Research (AHRMR) is an international, peer-reviewed, and scholarly journal which publishes high-quality research to answer important and interesting questions, develop or test theory, replicate prior studies, explore interesting phenomena, review and synthesize existing research and provide new perspective aimed at stimulating future theory development and empirical research across the human resource management discipline.

Published
2025-03-06

Articles

Workplace health and safety, social support, and turnover intention in Private Higher Education Institutions in the Philippines

Purpose: This study examined workplace health and safety, social support, and turnover intention among faculty members in private higher education institutions in Region XII. This study aimed to assess these factors and their influence on faculty retention. Research Methodology: A descriptive quantitative research design was employed. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire that was validated and pilot-tested for reliability. The study involved 324 full-time faculty members from 20 private higher education institutions who were selected through stratified random sampling. Results: The findings revealed that workplace health and safety practices, social support, and turnover intention play significant roles in faculty retention. Specifically, institutions have high workplace health and safety levels and social support. However, turnover intention was reported to be low across the sample. Social support, particularly belonging support, was rated the highest, whereas turnover intention across various factors remained low. Limitations: This study was limited to private higher education institutions in Region XII, and the results may not be generalizable to other regions or types of educational institutions. Additionally, self-reporting could have introduced bias. Contribution: This study contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of faculty retention in private higher education institutions, highlighting key factors such as health, safety, and social support. Novelty: This research adds novel insights by focusing on the contextualized factors influencing faculty retention in Region XII, an area underrepresented in the existing literature.

Critical analysis of the human development index in Mesuji Regency, 2010–2022

Purpose: This study evaluates the performance of the Human Development Index (HDI) improvement program in the Mesuji Regency and identifies factors that influence the dynamics of HDI achievement. Mesuji is a peripheral region that experiences a significant socio-economic lag within Lampung Province, Indonesia. Research Methodology: This study employs a mixed method with an explanatory sequential design, combining quantitative analysis of HDI data from the BPS with qualitative interpretation of contextual and policy factors affecting HDI outcomes. Results: From 2010 to 2022, Mesuji’s HDI steadily increased, driven by improvements in Life Expectancy, Education Index, and Gross National Income per Capita. Key drivers include improved healthcare services, educational expansion, job availability, infrastructure development, and pro-poverty policies. Conclusions: The program aimed at increasing the Human Development Index (HDI) in Mesuji Regency has shown positive results from 2010 to 2022, yet the region's HDI remains classified as "medium" compared to the national average. Limitations: The analysis was limited to the 2010–2022 period, excluding developments beyond this range. Contribution: This study contributes to challenges such as regional development disparities, high poverty rates, and unemployment, which still need to be addressed to achieve more equitable and sustainable development. Novelty: Despite positive growth, Mesuji’s HDI remains in the “medium” category, highlighting the need for strategic and sustained efforts in the health, education, and income sectors. Comprehensive interventions supported by inclusive policies are essential to accelerate HDI progress and reduce regional disparities.

Balance Scorecard Approach to employee performance management in Tyre Company

Purpose: This research aims to analyze employee performance management strategies using the Balance Scorecard approach in a tire company. In this study, a qualitative descriptive method was used with primary and secondary data collection techniques. Research Methodology: Data collection was carried out by means of interviews, observation, and documentation. There were five informants in this study: Human Resource Plant Manager, People and Development Manager, Human Resource Business Partner, Labor Trainer, and Labor Trainer. Data processing was performed using the NVivo software application and source triangulation. Results: This research shows that tyre corporations that implement Balance Scorecard have succeeded in making cost improvements in their operational activities. Apart from that, innovates from a learning and growth perspective by conducting an e-learning program utilizing digital-based technology to increase the competence of its employees. The interview results show that the application of the Balance Scorecard in managing employee performance at tyre corporations using a financial perspective, customer perspective, internal business perspective, and learning and growth perspective is going very well, and by using the Balance Scorecard, success can be achieved. Cascading strategies in the area of ??human resource management have been proven to contribute to reducing human resource costs. Conclusions: The achievement indicators of the company's performance in the short term are connected to each other to achieve the predetermined vision, mission, and strategy. Limitations: The use of in-depth interviews in data collection resulted in a very limited number of informants in this study. Contribution: The use of a balance score card in employee performance analysis can help management map out strategic targets for achieving employee performance. Novelty: By cascading the company's strategy and specializing in the human resources department, it shows something new to the implementation of a balanced scorecard.

Self-Efficacy, engagement, and spiritual intelligence on performance via OCB among Jakarta educators

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the influence of self-efficacy, employee engagement, and spiritual intelligence on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), as well as to examine the role of OCB in enhancing the performance of part-time teachers in Jakarta. Research Methodology: This quantitative research used a survey method, collecting data from 278 village officials in Brebes Regency through questionnaires. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS) was employed for data analysis to test both direct and indirect effects among variables. Results: The findings reveal that ethical leadership, organizational commitment, and work culture significantly influence job satisfaction. Moreover, job satisfaction positively and significantly affects village officials' performance. Ethical leadership and work culture also directly affect performance, while organizational commitment's direct effect on performance was not significant. However, job satisfaction successfully mediates the influence of organizational commitment on performance. Conclusions: This study found that spiritual intelligence significantly influences Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), which in turn positively affects the performance of part-time teachers in Jakarta. However, self-efficacy and employee engagement showed no significant effect on OCB. The findings highlight the key role of spiritual intelligence in enhancing teacher performance through OCB. Limitations: The study is limited to village officials in Brebes Regency, making generalization to other regions or administrative contexts less applicable. The use of cross-sectional data limits the ability to observe changes over time. Additionally, self-reported questionnaires may introduce response bias, affecting the objectivity of the data. Contribution: The study is limited to village officials in Brebes Regency, making generalization to other regions or administrative contexts less applicable. The use of cross-sectional data limits the ability to observe changes over time. Additionally, self-reported questionnaires may introduce response bias, affecting the objectivity of the data.

Strategies to improve hospital implementation of management functions that influence service behavior

Purpose: This study analyzes how Leadership Style, Communication, and Control Systems influence Service Behavior and Hospital Performance in Majalaya Hospital’s Covid-19 response. Research Methodology: This study used SEM with AMOS 26, collecting data from 105 respondents via questionnaires and interviews to test four hypotheses on leadership, communication, control systems, service behavior, and hospital performance. Results: The study shows that Leadership, communication, and control systems positively impact service behavior, which in turn enhances hospital performance and business outcomes. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the role of leadership, communication, and control systems in shaping service behavior and improving hospital performance, service delivery, and efficiency. Limitations: This study is limited to Majalaya Hospital's Covid-19 response, restricting generalizability. Self-reported data may also have introduced a bias. Contribution: This study reinforces the role of leadership, communication, and control systems in service behavior. It advises hospitals to enhance their feedback, communication, and leadership for better performance.

Enhancing employee competitiveness: The role mediation of human resources competencies

Purpose: Effective methods for digital literacy and financial management are expected to enhance HR competency and employee competitiveness in the job market. Research Methodology: This quantitative study used SEM-PLS with convenience sampling to select 192 BUMD employees in DKI Jakarta. Data were collected via an online Likert-scale questionnaire. Results: This study highlights the role of digital literacy and financial management in HR markets mediated by HR competency. It offers empirical evidence and a framework that integrates these factors to enhance HR competitiveness. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the impact of digital literacy and financial management on HR competencies and organizational competitiveness. This study provides empirical evidence and a framework for enhancing HR capabilities. Limitations: This study was limited by convenience sampling, self-reported data bias, and cross-sectional design. It focuses only on digital literacy and financial management, excluding factors such as leadership and organizational culture. Contribution: This study empirically highlights the role of digital literacy and financial management in enhancing HR competency and competitiveness. It introduces a new framework, offers practical insights, and validates relationships using PLS-SEM.

Boosting travel agency efficiency: A holistic approach

Purpose: This study examines the influence of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) and Human Resource Information Technology (HRIT) on productivity and organizational culture in travel bureaus, including their direct and indirect effects. Research Methodology: This study adopts a quantitative approach using survey data from travel bureau employees. Analysis is conducted with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using structured questionnaires and statistical software to test hypotheses. Results: GHRM and HRIT positively influence productivity but do not significantly impact organizational culture. Productivity positively influences organizational culture, while GHRM and HRIT have no significant indirect effects on it through productivity. Conclusions: GHRM and HRIT enhance productivity in travel bureaus but do not influence organizational culture. However, productivity significantly impacts organizational culture, fostering a positive work environment. Limitations: This study is limited to travel bureaus, restricting generalizability. Self-reported data may introduce bias, and its cross-sectional design prevents long-term causal inferences. Contribution: This study expands the literature on GHRM, HRIT, and organizational performance in travel bureaus, offering practical insights for boosting productivity. It also emphasizes the need for further research on factors shaping organizational culture.

A review of how leadership justice, and job satisfaction interact to shape counterproductive work behavior

Purpose: This review explores the interplay between leadership, job satisfaction, organizational justice, and counterproductive work behavior (CWB) in organizational settings. Research Methodology: The analysis synthesizes findings from various studies, focusing on the Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) theory and its implications for job satisfaction and CWB. A total of 14 articles were reviewed: four focused on LMX's impact on job satisfaction and CWB, five examined the role of organizational justice in shaping these variables, and five investigated the mediating role of job satisfaction in the LMX-CWB relationship. Results: The review highlights that positive LMX relationships, characterized by trust, respect, and mutual commitment, significantly enhance job satisfaction and reduce CWB. The findings underscore the importance of fostering positive LMX interactions and ensuring fairness in organizational processes to mitigate CWB. Conclusions: The study concludes that Effective leadership and organizational justice are vital for promoting job satisfaction and minimizing counterproductive behaviors in the workplace. Understanding these dynamics is essential for creating healthier and more productive work environments. Limitations: One limitation of this review is that it primarily focuses on existing literature, which may not encompass all relevant studies or perspectives on the topic. Contribution: This review contributes to the field of organizational behavior and management by providing a comprehensive understanding of how leadership and organizational justice influence employee attitudes and behaviors. This finding offers valuable insights for academics and practitioners aiming to address CWB and enhance workplace dynamics.

Maintaining cooperative sustainability: The mediation role of performance measurement systems

Purpose: This study aims to identify an ideal information system to support cooperative organizations in enhancing their managerial performance and promoting long-term business sustainability. Research Methodology: Data were collected through distributed questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to test the proposed hypotheses. Results: The findings confirm that Management Accounting Information Systems (MAIS) and Performance Measurement Systems (PMS) significantly and positively affect Managerial Performance (MP). PMS is shown to mediate the relationship between MAIS and MP. These results are expected to offer practical insights for cooperative managers in applying accounting principles and performance tools. Conclusions: This research reveals that quality and timely MAIS are vital for decision-making in cooperatives and SMEs. PMS plays a critical mediating role by reinforcing the positive impact of MAIS on MP. Limitations: The study is limited by the narrow scope of research, small sample size, and respondents with limited work experience. It also faces challenges in accounting for diverse member backgrounds. Future research should involve broader samples, more variables (e.g., budgeting, accountability), and improved methods.  

The role of leadership in increasing effectiveness national defense human resource management

Purpose: This study aims to explain the effectiveness of leadership in HR management in the defense sector, as well as its impact on organizational performance and long-term consequences. Research Methodology: Using a qualitative approach based on literature studies, this study analyzes data from credible academic and non-academic sources. The focus is on leadership strategies in improving the effectiveness of defence human resources through comparative studies from various countries, including the Indonesian Armed Forces and the Australian Defence Force. Results: Using a qualitative approach based on literature studies, this study analyzes data from credible academic and non-academic sources. The focus is on leadership strategies in improving the effectiveness of defence human resources through comparative studies from various countries, including the Indonesian Armed Forces and the Australian Defence Force.

Analysis of motivation, competence and remuneration on employee performance through job satisfaction at PT XYZ cargo area

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to see the effect of motivation, competence, and remuneration on employee performance through job satisfaction at PT XYZ cargo division. Research Methodology: The method used in this study was descriptive quantitative. The sample consisted of 86 employees. Census was used as the sampling technique. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. The analysis tool used in this study was SmartPLS. The tests carried out in this study included the Validity Test, Reliability Test, Inner Model Test, Outer Model Test, and Hypothesis Test. Results: The results of the research conducted at PT XYZ in the cargo sector include the following: 1) Motivation has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction; 2) Competence has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction; 3) Remuneration has no positive and insignificant effect on job satisfaction; 4) Motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; 5) Competence has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; 6) Remuneration has no positive and insignificant effect on employee performance; 7) Job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance; 8) Motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through job satisfaction; 9) Competence has a ,positive and significant effect on employee performance through job satisfaction; and 10) Remuneration has no positive and insignificant effect on employee performance through job satisfaction. Conclusions: The study at PT XYZ (cargo sector) concludes that motivation and competence significantly and positively affect both job satisfaction and employee performance, both directly and through job satisfaction. In contrast, remuneration shows no significant positive effect on job satisfaction or employee performance, either directly or indirectly. Limitations: This study's focus on specific companies limits generalizability, and potential bias may arise from self-reported data. Its cross-sectional design restricts causal inferences. Future studies should consider mixed methods to obtain deeper insights. Contribution: This study contributes to the understanding of employee performance and job satisfaction in cargo companies, with a focus on motivation, competence, and remuneration factors.

Empowering MSMEs in South Sumatra: The role of digital transformation

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the relationship between resilience and sustainability of culinary MSEs through digital transformation in South Sumatra Province. Research Methodology: Sample selection with criteria, namely respondent had been having business for at least 5 years, had passed fluctuating conditions such as surviving covid conditions, rising inflation, monetary policy and so on. The number of samples was 130 MSEs, which were local culinary businesses. Knowing the relationship of each variable X to variable Y was tested using structural equation Modelling (SEM-PLS) analysis. Results: This study found a resilience relationship with digital transformation of 0.834 and a sustainability relationship with digital transformation of 0.400. The relationship between resilience and digital transformation was stronger than that between sustainability and digital transformation. The main cause was that MSEs lacked long-term commitment, and it was difficult for them to grow in dynamic environmental and social conditions while also focusing on profits. Digital transformation in MSEs was defensive rather than supporting holistic sustainability, limited sustainable resources simultaneously, and integrated with digital transformation. Therefore, MSE actors need to be educated, trained, and given guidance in changing mindset and social behavior for the long-term sustainability of MSEs. Limitations: The study was limited to culinary MSEs in South Sumatra and used non-probability sampling, which may have affected generalizability. Contribution: This study revealed that resilience had a stronger influence than sustainability in driving digital transformation among culinary MSEs. Novelty: This study offers a novel perspective by integrating resilience and sustainability in analyzing digital transformation within culinary MSEs.

A review on the role of QRIS and digital wallets in facilitating MSME transactions in Indonesia

Purpose: This literature review aims to develop hypotheses for future researchers conducting research related to the ease of transactions in MSMEs. Research Methodology: The approach used in this literature review was descriptive and qualitative. The data collection technique uses literature studies or conducts a literature review of relevant previous articles. The data used in this study are secondary data, sourced from academic online media such as Thomson Reuters Journals, Sage, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Scopus Emerald, Elsevier, Sage, Springer, Web of Science, Sinta Journals, DOAJ, EBSCO, Google Scholar, and digital reference books. Empirical data were used to support the phenomena observed in this study. Results: The results of this study are as follows: 1) QRIS affects the ease of transactions in micro, small, and medium enterprises; and 2) digital wallets affect the ease of transactions in micro, small, and medium enterprises. Limitations: This study is limited to micro-, small-, and medium-sized enterprises. Contribution: This study contributes to the understanding of the factors influencing the ease of transactions in MSMEs, with a focus on factors related to the use of QRIS and digital wallets. Novelty: This study provides new insights into other factors that influence the ease of transactions for MSMEs, especially in Indonesia. Thus, it can be used as a reference material in future studies.

Strategy to improve human resource performance in construction services companies

Purpose: This study aims to identify factors that influence human resource performance, analyze factors that should be considered most in improving human resource performance, and analyze strategies that can be implemented to improve human resource performance in construction service companies. Methodology/approach: This study uses a descriptive approach. In general, the methodology used is to combine qualitative research with quantitative research using a case study and a survey approach. The fixed respondent design chosen in this study was the cluster sampling method. The analysis method used in this study is the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Results/findings: This study produced three conclusions: 1. The results of the identification process based on the literature review obtained several factors that were grouped into four criteria: competence, motivation, loyalty aspects, and work discipline, 2. The competency factor must be considered most in improving the performance of human resources in the construction project of high-rise buildings in Bojonegoro is the competency factor, 3. Strategies that can be carried out to improve performance based on competency include adding staff/workers, providing compensation, providing facilities, providing training, and carrying out control. Limitations: This research was conducted at a construction services company that handles the construction of high-rise buildings in Bojonegoro District, East Java, Indonesia; therefore, the research results need to be developed for larger projects. Contribution: Academically, the benefit of this research is that it can serve as a reference for managing human resources effectively. Novelty: This research can provide new insights into strategies to improve human resource performance so that activities can run more smoothly and provide maximum results.