Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Business Studies

Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Business Studies Published by Goodwood Publishing, Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Business Studies is an online peer-reviewed, open access scholarly journal, which publishes critical and original analysis from researchers and academic practitioners on various business issues. Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Business Studies welcomes high-quality manuscripts covering original research articles, review articles, book reviews, case reports, and discussions aimed at advancing both theoretical and practical development on areas business

Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Business Studies Published by Goodwood Publishing, Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Business Studies is an online peer-reviewed, open access scholarly journal, which publishes critical and original analysis from researchers and academic practitioners on various business issues. Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Business Studies welcomes high-quality manuscripts covering original research articles, review articles, book reviews, case reports, and discussions aimed at advancing both theoretical and practical development on areas business

Published
2024-06-19

Articles

Customer satisfaction performance evaluation at PT PLN (Persero) West Java using the Malcolm Baldrige criteria for performance excellence

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to assess and determine whether a system implemented for customers is in accordance with needs. This requires a comprehensive and integrated performance evaluation related to Customer Focus using malcolm balance criteria for performance excellence (MBCfPE). Method: This research was conducted in PLN West Java using qualitative and quantitative methods. Data and information related to conditions in the company were obtained through interviews, document reviews, and employee surveys. Results: PLN West Java implemented the MBCfPE Customer Focused criteria effectively. The customer service process refers to the criteria required by MBCfPE so that it can support the achievement of excellent customer satisfaction performance results. Based on these results, there are several recommendations for improvement that PLN West Java should carry out to improve the customer service process so that it can improve customer satisfaction performance, support business continuity, and increase competitiveness. Limitations: This research only focuses on the management of PLN West Java's Customer Focus, which is reflected in the customer focus criteria categories and customer focus results based on MBCfPE. This study does not evaluate other criteria categories in MBCfPE, namely leadership, strategic planning, measurement analysis and knowledge management, workforce, operations, and results (except customer focus results criteria). Contributions: This research contributes to the performance management literature by showing how the Malcolm Baldrige Criteria for Performance Excellence (MBCfPE) can be implemented effectively in companies or organizations to ensure excellent performance.

Reliability improvement process case study: PT HMS Tbk

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of unplanned and planned downtimes on PR (Production Reliability) performance in the tobacco industry, focusing on a company facing challenges due to COVID-19. Methodology/approach: A mixed-method approach is employed, combining quantitative data analysis of production lines (Q1 2024) with qualitative interviews. Root cause analysis (Current Reality Tree) and prioritization (Analytical Hierarchy Process) are used to identify and evaluate solutions. Results/findings: The research reveals maintenance focus on critical parts only and untested new materials as key contributors to low PR. Limitations: The study focuses on one company during a specific timeframe. Contribution: This research proposes a framework for improving PR by recommending a comprehensive maintenance plan, thorough material testing, and an implementation plan based on the PDCA cycle. This is expected to lead to enhanced PR, reduced downtimes, and improved operational efficiency.

Strategic decision analysis to enhance labor productivity affected by sick leave absenteeism in the manufacturing industry

Purpose: This research aims to determine the application of the concept of obedience and application of the concept of the Rule of Law (Rechtstaat) and the concept of Trias Politica to the Constitutional Court Decision Number: 90/PUU-XXI/2023 concerning the age limit for presidential and vice-presidential candidates and how the implementation and principles of individual freedom in the rule of law are implemented in Indonesia. Method: The research was conducted using normative research methods (doctrinal research) using a conceptual approach. Results: The research results show that the Constitutional Court's decision requires an approach to the concept of the Rule of Law (Rechstaat) and the Trias Politica concept so that there is no deviation from power and is able to  face the dynamics of change that occur in society, as well as making laws that are more autonomous from intervention by other authorities such as political interests. So that the implementation of the concept of the rule of law in the context of a rule of law can be interpreted and obeyed by all citizens. Limitations: The main aim of applying the concept of the rule of law (Rechtstaat) and the concept of Trias politica is to limit the power of authority so as to produce a legal science teaching that is centered on rights.

Stock valuation before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: Free Cash Flow to Firm (FCFF) and relative valuation approach with Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) valuation method

Purpose: This study compares the valuation of hospital companies in the healthcare sector in Indonesia before and during the Covid-19 pandemic on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Global crises, including the Covid-19 pandemic, have had a significant impact on stock prices in the IDX and have affected company valuations. Therefore, it is important to study the valuation of stocks in the healthcare sector, especially in hospital companies that are directly related to the pandemic. This research is expected to provide important lessons about stock valuation in the future if a similar phenomenon occurs. Method: This research focuses on the period before Covid-19 and the period during the peak of Covid-19, specifically in July 2021. This study compared the stock valuations of three hospital companies: HEAL, MIKA, and SILO. The valuation methods used are Discounted Cash Flow using the Free Cash Flow to Firm model and Relative Valuation using PBV and PER. Results: From the research results, it is known that there has been an increase in the intrinsic value (value per share) of SILO, MIKA, and HEAL from the period before Covid-19 and after the peak of Covid-19 in either pessimistic, moderate, and optimistic scenarios. This increase in intrinsic value is followed by an increase in share prices. MIKA’s valuation did not change in the three scenarios, whereas SILO and HEAL changed only in moderate scenarios. In the relative valuation analysis, there was an increase in PER for SILO, HEAL, and MIKA before and after the peak of Covid-19.

Proposed improvements on performance management system at PT JIEP by using balanced scorecard

Purpose: This study delves into the vital topic of performance management in the realm of human resources. Given the increasing demand for effective performance management systems in organizations, this study aims to bridge the gap between current practices and the need for a holistic approach that aligns individual goals with organizational objectives. Method: To achieve this, we employed a mixed-method approach, gathering data through surveys and interviews from a diverse range of employees and managers. Statistical techniques were used to analyze the data and provide insights into the effectiveness of the proposed model. Results: We expect our results to validate the proposed model, demonstrating clear improvements in employee and organizational performance metrics when implemented. The findings reveal strong correlations between the use of our model and enhanced performance outcomes. This study’s contribution to performance management is noteworthy. It introduces a comprehensive, adaptable model that can be applied across different organizations, offering both academic insights and practical solutions. This research not only advances theoretical knowledge but also provides a valuable tool for practitioners aiming to enhance performance management practices in their organizations.

Proposed contract manufacturing strategy for Baby Food Industry using Kepner-Tregoe and Analytic Hierarchy Process (Ahp) Approach

Purpose: The aim of this study is to select the best contract manufacturing strategy to ensure sustainable growth and fulfillment of MA baby food at PT. S.A. Methods: This study used qualitative and quantitative research methods. The qualitative approach involves conducting interviews and forum group discussions (FGD) with Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) to determine the root cause of problems using Kapner Tragoe and Why Tree Diagram analysis and to determine the criteria and alternative solutions for this problem. The quantitative approach uses the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to select the best alternative solution. Results: Using the AHP method, the most important criteria that could influence the decision-making process were schedule (32.95%), cost (30.31%), delivery (16.44%), capacity (8.66%), ability (6.79%), and quality (4.86%). The best alternative solution for the short term to resolve the business issue is “Produce in existing contract manufacturing and distribute using 3rd party trader (58,09%)”. This alternative solution will ensure fulfillment and prevent sales losses of 96 billion but with a trade-off of a 10% increase in costs. Meanwhile, the best alternative solutions for  long term is “Terminate existing Manufacture & Produce in Alternative Local Contract Manufacture in Indonesia (31,55%)”. This alternative solution provides cost savings equivalent to 8.8% of the existing COGS and ensures sustainable growth and fulfillment of MA baby food at PT. S.A.

Factors influencing news purchasing in Tempo

Purpose: This study explores the factors that influence purchasing decisions regarding tempo-paid news, namely, individual factors, psychology, and product knowledge. The payment decision variables measured in this research are purchase intention, willingness to pay, and choice of profit model for tempo-paid news. Method: This research used a survey method with a purposive sample of 200 non-paid tempo users. The questionnaire consisted of closed choice questions. Data were analyzed by cross-tabulation analysis and chi-square test using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The findings indicate that individual, psychological, and product knowledge have a significant relationship with purchase intention. Only psychological and product knowledge factors had a significant relationship with willingness to pay. Meanwhile, individual, psychological, and product knowledge factors have a significant relationship with the choice of profit model. This study only reviews the factors that influence purchasing decisions among Tempo non-paid news readers from March to April 2024. Limitations: This research was limited to Tempo's paid products, not to other paid news products. Therefore, further research is needed to determine the factors that can influence purchasing decisions on paid news. Nevertheless, the findings provide an initial picture of the factors that influence the purchase of paid news in the Indonesian market, where the model is still young. Contributions: The findings of this research can provide input for future researchers in the marketing discipline or the mass media industry in Indonesia regarding the development of paid news-based business models.

The significance of brand positioning to UX design business growth

Purpose: This study illustrates the significant branding enhancement for PT Laluasa Cipta Asia using the concept of brand positioning strategy, specifically for one of their business units called Gizalab, which focuses on User Experience design services. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the current service process to identify strengths and weaknesses, understand customer behavior, and analyze the competitive landscape. The most significant insights from the research process relate to a company’s branding problem. Eventually, the necessary strategy is to enhance brand perception and position the company to boost its business growth. Method: The main methods used in this study were market surveys, competitor analysis, and in-depth interviews. The author used a market survey to discover how the target market perceives existing brand perceptions. This understanding is important as the basis for a creative brand-positioning strategy. To enrich the study, the author also determined external factors that influence and impact the company’s business using the competitor analysis method. Results: While VRIO analysis emphasizes what valuable resources are from the company’s point of view, in-depth interviews reveal a gap in what matters to customers and the target market. Several key insights were found through in-depth interviews, one of which is the poor performance of the company’s branding strategies. The research results indicate that the existing Gizalab’s branding as a user experience design expert is not perceived as intended, and is currently not convincing the target market.

Risk identification and decision-making analysis in lower-ranking coal handling: A FMEA and AHP

Purpose: This study addresses the challenges posed by the increasing proportion of lower-ranking coal through proactive risk management in the Coal Preparation Plant (CPP) area of the PT. XYZ. Previous failures in handling lower-ranking coal have led to production delays and have negatively impacted the coal handling process. The analysis focuses on identifying, assessing, and prioritizing risks, and formulating optimal solutions to minimize their impact. Method: The methodology incorporates FMEA for risk identification and ranking, and proposes the top three risks and alternative solutions. Then, it proceeds with The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), guided by criteria from Value-Focused Thinking (VFT), to determine the most optimal solution. Results: The top three identified risks and their corresponding solutions are as follows: (1) sticky material adherence to the drawdown hopper and chute wall causing material flow blockage and overfill, addressed by installing a booster pump on the existing water suppression system. (2) The accumulation of fine coal in closed spaces causes equipment burning, mitigated through periodic clean-up using a new portable blower or water. (3) Burning coal, causing fires inside the tunnel, was resolved by installing a thermal camera monitoring system. Limitations: The scope of the research will be limited to the specific area of the Coal Processing Plant (CPP) in the company and will be based on the characteristics of the lower-ranking coal in the company. Contributions: This study provides valuable guidelines for CPP stakeholders to minimize disruptions and improve the overall effectiveness of coal-handling activities.

Business Ecosystem Development in Corporate Business Strategy

Purpose: The objective of this research is to identify the parties involved in the agro-business ecosystem in Kabupaten Bandung and determine the factors influencing the development of strategies at PT BANDUNG DAYA SENTOSA as a Regional Government-Owned Enterprise (BUMD) operating in the Agribusiness sector. Research methodology: This study uses a business ecosystem approach to map the roles and parties involved in the agro-business ecosystem in Kabupaten Bandung. This study employed a qualitative research method with a case study design. Results: Through multi-agent-based ecosystem modeling and business model reconfiguration, it can be concluded that adaptability and collaboration among actors in the agribusiness ecosystem in Kabupaten Bandung are key to success. The Regional Government-Owned Enterprise Bandung Daya Sentosa (BDS) has the potential to become an innovation hub and enhance its role through the development of innovative agricultural products and utilization of digital technology. Implementation: The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in the community economy in Kabupaten Bandung. The agricultural sector in Kabupaten Bandung is the third-largest contributor to the Gross Regional Domestic Product (PDRB) after manufacturing and trade (Master Plan for the Economy of Kab. Bandung 2021-2026: 2021).

The implementation of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to select the best vendor for bio-efficacy trials (case study: the xyz agrochemical company)

Purpose: The pesticide industry is highly regulated by various regulations and requirements. Getting a distribution permit for a pesticide depends on the results of bio-efficacy trials carried out by institutions outside the company (vendors). These vendors must be selected from a list that has been made by the Ministry of Agriculture. Choosing a vendor is quite a difficult endeavor because not all vendors have the same competencies. Research Methodology: One method to choose a vendor among several vendors based on various criteria hierarchically that meets the requirements is to use the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. This thesis presents the results of the trial of the use of the AHP method in the XYZ Agrochemical Company using a qualitative and quantitative approach by collecting primary data through questionnaires and interviews with a team of Research and Development experts from the XYZ Agrochemical Company. Results: The results of the case study at the XYZ Agrochemical Company show the practical application of the AHP model in real-world vendor selection scenarios, providing an overview of the relative significance of each criterion and its impact on the overall decision-making process. Limitations: Secondary data was obtained from government regulations, company reports, and relevant literature to form vendor profiles, organizational capabilities, and pesticide regulations that apply specifically to Indonesia. Contribution: Through the AHP framework, based on the results of the interview, a hierarchical structure of evaluation criteria in selecting vendors was established, including expertise, past performance, laboratory and field facilities, timely delivery, in conducting bio-efficacy trials, and vendor responsiveness in communicating.

Embrace the sea, saving the community's economy Akar Island, Setokok Village, Batam

Purpose: The community's efforts to support and develop the family economy. This community was previously unaware that this type of rengkam seaweed could be utilized and would increase family income, which encouraged the author to conduct this research. Research Methodology: This study used a quantitative method. Quantitative research involves collecting questionnaire data, and the data results are in the form of statistical data, which are then used in hypothesis testing. Quantitative research will establish a cause-and-effect relationship between independent and dependent variables, and researchers intend to understand social situations in depth. Results: From the overall analysis, it can be concluded that all indicators of Motivation, Education, Skills and Economic Growth are valid and significant. And if you look at the structural model above, it shows that the Regression Weights have all the variables having a significant influence. The Goodness of Fit results show four good criteria: one that is not good and three that are marginal; thus, the model above can be declared as a good model, and to obtain even better results, it can be modified as necessary.

Evaluation of tax debt management for bankrupt taxpayers in Indonesia

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate tax debt management for taxpayers who are bankrupt in Indonesia, based on successful tax debt management. Method: This study is a literature review that compiles and synthesizes data from Indonesian Tax Collection Law with Distress Warrant Law, General Tax Provisions and Procedures Law, Bankruptcy and Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations Law, Minister of Finance Regulation. This study also integrates previous research to evaluate tax debt management for bankrupt taxpayers in Indonesia, based on successful tax debt management. Results: Persuasive communication with bankrupt taxpayers is deemed nonessential in the context of tax debt management within bankruptcy proceedings. Standardized procedures were in place within the Directorate General of Taxes prior to resorting to law enforcement measures for debt collection from bankrupt taxpayers. These measures encompass a spectrum of enforcement tactics, including asset confiscation, imposition of travel restrictions (exit bans), and detainment in extreme circumstances. The Directorate General of Taxes assesses various criteria to determine the viability of collecting debt from bankrupt taxpayers, considering factors such as economic feasibility and practicality. Limitations: This study did not conduct a comparative analysis of tax debt management for bankrupt taxpayers in Indonesia and similar practices in other countries. Such a comparison would elucidate how different jurisdictions address tax debt management for bankrupt taxpayers, and could offer valuable insights for overcoming collection challenges specific to Indonesia. By examining common practices in other countries, this study provides recommendations tailored to the Indonesian context to improve the effectiveness of tax debt collection from bankrupt taxpayers. Contribution: This study enriches the literature on how the Directorate General of Taxes manages bankrupt taxpayers to pay their debts.

Analysis of working capital in relation with income of the small weaving industry in Kupang City

Purpose: This study aims to determine whether working capital has an effect on the income of the Small Weaving Industry in Kupang City. Research Methodology: This study used a quantitative descriptive approach. This research was conducted in the Small Weaving Industry in Kupang City, which has a total population of 49 weavers. Saturated samples were obtained. Data collection methods included questionnaires, interviews, documentation, and observation. The data analysis technique uses financial theory related to working capital and income. Results: The results showed that working capital has an effect on the income of small industrial weavers in Kupang City because the greater the amount of working capital spent, the greater the income earned. Therefore, it is recommended that weavers maintain working capital conditions so that the production process can be increased by itself and the income will increase.

Influence occupational health safety and work discipline on employee productivity at the energy and mineral resources department of South Sumatra

Purpose: This study aims to determine how the productivity of employees of the Energy and Mineral Resources Agency is measured based on health safety and work discipline. Research Methodology: Quantitative methods were used, and the data collection techniques used in this study were observation, documentation, and questionnaire distribution. While the data analysis techniques in the study were analyzed using normality test, multicollinearity test, heroskedacity test, multiple linear analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, determination coefficient analysis, and hypothesis testing which consists of t test (partial) and f test (simultaneous). Results: The results of the hypothesis testing concluded that partial occupational health safety has a positive and significant effect on employee productivity at the Energy and Mineral Resources Office of South Sumatra Province. Work discipline had a positive and significant effect on employee productivity at the Energy and Mineral Resources Office of South Sumatra Province. Simultaneously, occupational health safety variables and work discipline had a positive and significant effect on employee productivity at the Energy and Mineral Resources Office of South Sumatra Province. Limitations: The research was conducted only at the Energy and Mineral Resources Office of South Sumatra Province and only included occupational health safety variables, work discipline, and employee productivity. Contribution: The results of this study are expected to contribute to increasing labor productivity, as well as provide useful references for other researchers and UPGRI in increasing knowledge and abilities in the world of labor.

Prioritizing the product development roadmap of Zains SAAS using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Purpose: This study aims to prioritize the development of Zains using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Research Methodology: focusing on the key factors influencing development priorities, and combines qualitative data from a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with the Board of Directors (BOD) of CNT and quantitative data from digital surveys. Qualitative data provide insights into strategic priorities, challenges, and development goals, while quantitative data obtained through the AHP method determine the relative importance of various criteria and alternatives. This study identifies the key criteria for product development, including market demand, financial impact, technological relevance, operational efficiency, compliance, and security. Affinity Diagrams and TOWS Matrix were used to analyze qualitative data from the FGD. The proposed alternatives include mobile application feature enhancements, AI-powered financial insights integration, and enhanced security features.The AHP results indicate that the integration of AI-powered financial insights is the primary alternative in the Zains development roadmap. Results: These findings provide insights for CNT to optimize the development of Zains and to maintain their relevance and competitiveness in the SaaS market. These recommendations are beneficial for other SaaS providers facing similar challenges.

Analysis of the effect of dividend policy and profitability on stock price

Purpose: This study tests the hypothesis of the effect of dividend policy and profitability on stock prices in food and beverage subsector companies listed on the IDX. Research Methodology: The population in this study was Food and Beverage subsector companies listed on the IDX 2020-2022. The sampling technique was purposive, with a total sample of 15 companies. The analysis techniques included the classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination (R2) test, t-test, and model feasibility test (F-test). Quantitative research method was used. The variables used were dividend policy, profitability, and stock prices. Results: The results of the normality test of normally distributed variables, the results of multicolonierity, heterokedasitas, and autocorrelation tests did not have multicollinearity, heterokedasitas, or autocorrelation problems. The results of hypothesis testing concluded that simultaneously, there is an effect of dividend policy and profitability on stock prices with a sig value of 0.00 <0.05; partially, there is an effect of dividend policy on stock prices with a sig value of 0.021 <0.05, and there is an effect of profitability on stock prices with a sig value of 0.000 <0.05. Limitations: This research is aimed only at Food and Beverage subsector companies listed on the IDX during the period 2020-2022. Contribution: This research is expected to be useful as a reference material in the same research and further research at PGRI University Palembang and is expected to be used as input for research sites to make decisions about the effect of dividend policy and profitability on stock prices in food and beverage subsector companies listed on the IDX.

Business process improvement in call center operations at XYZ Malaysia through the implementation of Lean Six Sigma methodologies

Purpose: This study explores the application of Lean Six Sigma methodologies to improve the business process in call center operations at XYZ Malaysia to enhance service quality and increase customer satisfaction. This study emphasizes the importance of adopting Lean Six Sigma. Research Methodology: This study employed a mixed-method approach that utilized both qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data explores challenges and customer satisfaction levels, while quantitative data assesses the impact of Lean Six Sigma on specific metrics used by the call center. Results: The study concludes that implementing Lean Six Sigma can significantly improve call center operations by mapping the current process, analyzing the challenges comprehensively, and generating possible root causes and solutions to help call center operations enhance efficiency, reduce AHT, and boost customer satisfaction. The findings suggest that Lean Six Sigma methodologies can provide a structured approach to problem-solving and process enhancement, enabling call centers to achieve higher performance standards. Recommendations for future research include expanding the scope to other languages supported by XYZ Malaysia and exploring the long-term impact of Lean Six Sigma on overall business performance. This study provides valuable insights for call center managers and practitioners seeking to improve their business operations. The findings underscore the potential of Lean Six Sigma to drive continuous improvement, ensuring that call center operations not only meet but also exceed customer expectations. Ultimately, this approach is expected to set new standards for customer care and call center management, particularly in the English-speaking market, contributing to XYZ Malaysia's vision of delivering outstanding customer experiences through exceptional service quality.

Proposed business model for PT. SHR in contractor business

Purpose: The business issue to fill in the gap of sales increase and scale up the business, will be the purpose of this research. Research Methodology: The study conducts the qualitative approach. The data gained through the interview to key persons and the project's visit. Finding out how the sales growth was not as significant as previous years, and formulating the proposed business model strategy for this growing company. The business model strategy in the research, utilizes the Business Canvas Model – a one-page tool to visualize the business nine essential elements. Results: The business model development is evaluating the business model within each of the building blocks regarding the questions list tools. First, presents a big picture assessment of PT. SHR and describe how the company has built strategically on that model since. Second, based on a set of checklists for assessing current business model strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT). The business model development results in the New Business Model Canvas. The New Business Model Canvas resulted in incremental innovation for PT. SHR. There are the additions of elements in each building block that connected to another. The additional elements are: the new customer segment and new value propositions that projected the new high of sales that produce the revenue stream with the control of cost spending. The realization of the new value proposed creates additional elements of the infrastructures that are the key resources, key activities, and key partnerships. At the end, the company delivers the value proposed to meet the customers through the customer interface that is the new customer segment, integrated channel, and a new customer relation element. This proposed new value proposition is the company scale up the contractor business to the housing developer. Thus, how the new business model strategy generates multiple sales and income.

Strategic decision making for a material construction store: A simple multi-attribute rating approach

Central Java, has been operating its offline store for 15 years and its online store for two years. As part of its growth strategy, the store aims to transition to a company and open a new physical store. Research Methodology: To achieve this objective, a comprehensive strategy is required to ensure alignment with its goals. This study conducts an analysis of TDJ stores’ internal conditions and external environment to provide insights into the company's current situation. Utilizing Porter’s Five Forces framework, the Diamond Model, financial performance analysis, and SWOT analysis, this research examines both internal and external factors affecting TDJ stores. Results: The findings were then used to formulate strategies with the TOWS matrix and determine the type of strategy using the SPACE matrix, which identified an aggressive strategy (quadrant 1) as suitable. Finally, the SMART method is applied to prioritize alternative strategies, selecting market penetration as the most appropriate strategy for TDJ stores based on the current conditions.

Impact of organizational diversity on safety culture and performance in PT. UVW Indonesia

Purpose: This study examined the influence of organizational diversity on safety culture and performance in PT. UVW is a global chemical company based in Indonesia. Utilizing the Cultural Intelligence (CQ) framework, Social Identity Theory, and Resource-Based View (RBV), this study investigates how different employee backgrounds affect safety outcomes. Method: By employing an approach that integrates qualitative interviews with quantitative KPI analysis, this study demonstrates that diversity improves safety culture through various perspectives and innovative solutions. Nonetheless, to maximize these benefits, it is essential to address challenges, such as communication barriers and conflicts. Result: The findings highlight that effective diversity management, inclusive communication, comprehensive training, and strong leadership within a diverse organizational demography of gender, age, work tenure, and educational background are vital for cultivating a positive safety culture. The research emphasizes that when strategically managed, organizational diversity can be a significant asset, enhancing safety performance and creating a safer and more efficient workplace. This research offers practical insights for multinational companies seeking to leverage diversity while overcoming the associated challenges to boost safety culture and performance.

Decision analysis of ANH gas field development by using value focused thinking & analytic hierarchy process

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to obtain the best gas field development scenario based on company values. Research Methodology: This research used qualitative methods obtained from interviews, questionnaires, and discussions. The data obtained were analyzed by researchers with a focus on the content and the relationship between one content and another. This method is used in the value-focused thinking process to determine goals, criteria, and alternative solutions. In addition to qualitative methods, quantitative analysis was performed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process method. This method is used to determine the ranking of project selection criteria and sub-criteria and to determine the best field development scenario. Results: The Project Profitability criterion has the largest weight score of 0.529, while the most important sub-criteria are the Profitability Index (PI) ratio and Net Present Value (NPV), with global weight scores of 0.266 and 0.263, respectively. The selected solution based on the analysis was scenario two with a weight score of 0.477 and an inconsistency value of 0.05. The scope of work for this scenario is drilling nine wells, building a pipeline, and installing a compressor, which is divided into two stages, starting with the MP-HP compressor and the LP-MP compressor. Limitations: The values of reserves, production, and economic data were slightly modified due to company policies but did not change the qualitative nature of the data. An interview, Focused Group Discussion, and pairwise comparison questionnaire were distributed to Subject Matter Experts who are knowledgeable and involved in decision making in the company. The implementation plan was designed from the technical planning division perspective. Contribution: This research provides a reference for companies who want to know how to make the right decisions according to company values, particularly in the upstream oil and gas industry.

Marketing mix strategy to increase B2C volume at XXX (Logistic Company)

Purpose: This study develops and analyzes marketing mix strategies to enhance the B2C (business-to-consumer) segment of XXX, a leading logistics and delivery service provider in Indonesia. This study focuses on identifying the challenges in increasing daily shipment volumes and evaluating the effectiveness of current marketing strategies. Research Methodology: This study employs both quantitative and qualitative methods, including surveys, observations, and documentation. Data were collected from 214 respondents using structured questionnaires distributed through Google Forms. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS software was utilized to analyze the relationships between the 7Ps of marketing (Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Physical Evidence, and Process) and consumer attitudes and purchase intentions Results: The findings indicate that product quality, pricing strategies, promotional activities, and customer service significantly affect consumer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Efficient processes also play a crucial role in shaping consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions. The study reveals that, while promotional activities and physical evidence have a lesser impact, elements such as products, prices, people, and processes are essential in driving positive consumer attitudes and purchasing decisions. Limitations: This study is limited to XXX operations in Indonesia and focuses solely on the impact of marketing mix elements on consumer attitudes, intentions, and purchase decisions. Future research could explore other logistics companies and encompass a broader geographical focus. Contribution: This study provides practical recommendations for XXX to enhance its market share in the B2C segment.

Efforts to reduce illegal parking in Lampung Province

Purpose: The formulation of the problem in this study is how land is prohibited for parking and the efforts to suppress illegal parking in Lampung Province. Research Methodology: The method used in this study was descriptive and qualitative. Results: The results of this study are There are 10 no-parking areas that must be obeyed, including: Bends, shoulders or a bridge, On pedestrian or bicycle tracks, Near traffic lights, On main roads, Facing or close to other stopped vehicles, Within 6 meters (20 feet) of an intersection, or within 9 meters (30 feet) of a bus stop, unless it is damaged. Then, they do not stop or park 3 m (10 feet) on the other side of a fire hydrant, or which may interfere with the access of firefighting vehicles to the hydrant, along slippery roads, on overpasses, tunnels, or on the side of the road leading to the overpass or tunnel, on grass verge or road shoulder. The efforts of the Lampung Province Transportation Agency to deal with illegal parking constraints are as follows: The Department of Transportation must perform mapping, good parking management not only helps in traffic management but also increases local revenue (PAD), the importance of awareness from the community and the government, the government must be present and provide guidance and ensure that parking is managed properly, there are sanctions for violators of indiscriminate parking, but the emphasis is more on education and guidance than sanctions alone.

The influence of digital competency and self leadership on teacher performance in Yayasan Indonesia Juara

Purpose: This study aims to examine teacher competence in facing 21st century education through digital competency, aneadership towards oneself through self-leadership, and its influence on teacher performance. Research Methodology: The method used in this study is quantitative. This study was descriptive and causal research. Based on their involvement, the researchers did not intervene in the data. This means that the data collected and processed were sourced directly from the respondents. Based on this unit, what is analyzed in this study is the individual. Based on the time of the study, this study belongs to the cross-section type; elements were measured only once during the research process in accordance with the applicable time and finished when this study was completed. Results: Digital competency and self-leadership have been proven to influence teacher performance. However, there was a difference in the influence of digital competency and self-leadership. The results showed that the magnitude of the influence of teachers’ digital competency on teacher performance was not very high. Self-leadership has a significant influence on teachers’ performance. This indicates that self-leadership has a greater influence on the quality or performance of a teacher in fulfilling his/her role. Contributions: The findings of this thesis are useful for educational institutions to determine the factors that influence teacher performance and to design effective professional development programs to improve teachers' skills and abilities. In addition, this research can be used by educators as a resource to study the impact of digital leadership and self-leadership on teacher performance.

Analysis of the effect of Regional Stock Market on the Jakarta Composite Index using Markov Regime Switching Regression

Purpose: In the current era of information, global stock market interconnections significantly influence investment decisions. Changes in one market rapidly affect others. The co-movement of stock markets presents challenges and opportunities for investors, whereas volatility spillovers complicate risk management and investment strategies. Research Methodology: This study examines the influence of the Nikkei 225, Straits Times Index, and Shanghai Composite Index on the Jakarta Composite Index across the pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic phases. Results: Utilizing the hidden Markov model with regime-switching regression, this study identifies changes in market behavior due to economic shifts during the pandemic, revealing two regimes: synchronization and desynchronization. Limitations: Pre-COVID-19, the Jakarta Composite Index shows strong synchronization with the Nikkei 225 and Straits Times Index, while the Shanghai Composite Index has an insignificant impact. During the COVID-19 pandemic, frequent desynchronization occurred due to high uncertainty and volatility, with only the Straits Times Index significantly influencing the Jakarta Composite Index. Post-pandemic, synchronization between the JCI and regional markets strengthened again. This study highlights the consistent influence of the Nikkei 225 and Straits Times Index, while the Shanghai Composite Index remains insignificant. Contributions: This study contributes significantly to the understanding of regional stock market relationships and offers valuable insights for academia and practice.

Strategic management in digital transformation: prioritizing strategic initiatives through Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Indonesia’s services sector

Purpose: The rapid pace of digital transformation has significantly impacted the IT services sector, particularly in emerging markets, such as Indonesia. This thesis explores the strategic challenges faced by Indonesian IT service providers as they navigate a competitive landscape characterized by evolving customer demands, technological advancements, and market dynamics. This research aims to prioritize strategic initiatives that align with market needs and enhance the competitive positioning of these providers. Research Methodology: By integrating strategic management frameworks such as Porter’s Five Forces, Value Chain Analysis, and SWOT Analysis with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), this study addresses the issue of stagnant revenue in PT ABC, a leading IT service provider in Indonesia. The findings indicate that AI-based product innovation and the development of low-code solutions are critical strategies for driving sustainable growth and meeting the increasing demand for advanced technological solutions. Limitations: This study underscores the importance of customer-centric approaches and continuous adaptation to maintain a competitive edge in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environment. Contributions: This research contributes to the strategic management literature by demonstrating the practical application of AHP in the context of digital transformation within the IT services sector, and provides actionable insights for IT service providers in emerging markets facing similar challenges.

Influence of integrity, independence and competency on audit quality with auditor performance as an intervening variable in inspectorate of the Riau Island

Purpose: This study aims to determine the Effect of Integrity, Independence and Competence on Audit Quality with Auditor Performance as an Intervening Variable in Regional Inspectorates throughout the Riau Islands Province. Research Methodology: The proposed hypothesis is that integrity affects audit quality; independence affects audit quality; competence affects audit quality; integrity affects performance; independence affects performance; competence affects performance; integrity affects audit quality through performance; and competence affects audit quality through performance. The sample in this study was auditors throughout the Riau Islands Province. In total, 137 respondents were included in the study. The obtained data were analyzed using data analysis techniques with the help of Smart PLS 3 software. Results: The results of the study show that the path coefficient = 4.796> T-Table = 1.679 with a p-value of 0.000 <0.05, indicating that the effect of Integrity on Audit Quality is significant. The path coefficient = 2.128> T-Table = 1.679, with a p-value of 0.034> 0.05, indicating that the effect of Independence on Audit Quality is significant. The path coefficient = 3.079> T-Table = 1.679, with a p-value of 0.002 <0.05, indicating that the effect of Competence on Audit Quality is significant. The path coefficient = 4.465> T-Table = 1.679, with a p-value of 0.000 <0.05, indicating that the effect of Integrity on Performance is significant. Path coefficient = 4.692 > T-Table = 1.679 with p-value 0.034 > 0.05, indicating that the influence of Independence on Performance is significant. Path coefficient = 6.893 > T-Table = 1.679 with p-value 0.000 < 0.05, indicating that the influence of Competence on Performance is significant. Path coefficient = 14.415 > T-Table = 1.679 with p-value 0.000 > 0.05, indicating that the influence of Performance on Audit Quality is significant. Path coefficient = 3.973 > T-Table = 1.679 means that the influence of Integrity on Audit Quality through Performance is significant, and path coefficient = 4.276 > T-Table = 1.679 means that the influence of Independence on Audit Quality through Performance is significant. The path coefficient = 7.474 > T-Table = 1.679, indicating that the influence of Competence on Audit Quality through Performance is significant.

The tradition of catch marriage at Sumba from a human rights perspective

Purpose: Marriage must be based on the willingness of each party to become husband and wife to form a happy family without any coercion from any party. If a marriage is entered into without the consent of both parties, the marriage can be a reason to cancel the marriage. Arrest marriage is a process where a woman is taken by force or violence by a man to become his wife and then carries out a traditional procession through the replacement process. The purpose of this writing is to look at the tradition of capture marriage that occurs on Sumba Island from a human rights perspective. Research Methodology: The method used is normative research. Results: The results of the research show that a woman who is already under the control of a man (in this case married and arrested) no longer needs his consent whether she agrees or not to be taken and used as a wife. This is of course in conflict with Article 2 of the Marriage Law where the consent of the parties, both the man and the woman, is the main thing. Arrested marriages which are carried out by not giving a woman the freedom to determine with whom she will build and maintain a household are a violation of human rights. Article 1 of the Human Rights Law provides an understanding relating to human rights violations, namely every action of a person or group of people, including state officials, whether intentionally or unintentionally, taking or depriving human rights. From a human rights perspective, it is clear that any type of action that causes torture and fear, both physically and spiritually, is a violation of human rights.

Violation of human rights and The Jurisdiction of The International Criminal Court

The territorial disputes between countries will always be a crucial aspect of the doctrine of national sovereignty, even though international law has now introduced the concept of borderless existence to enhance universal cooperation among nations. In reality, territorial disputes still occur in some regions, resulting in significant casualties on both sides of the conflict and often marked by reports of humanitarian tragedies. This research aims, firstly, to identify and analyze humanitarian crimes occurring in the conflict zone between Palestine and Israel and, secondly, to examine the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (hereafter referred to as ICC) in handling humanitarian crimes resulting from the conflict between Palestine and Israel. The research methodology employed is normative legal research, utilizing an approach based on legal regulations or international rules and a case-based approach. Secondary legal materials serve as the primary sources, and the research involves library research as well as qualitative descriptive analysis of legal materials. Moreover, The research shows indicate the emergence of victims, particularly women and children, and the extensive damage to non-military public facilities due to the conflict, suggesting indications of violations of the laws of war (humanitarian law). To summary up, The ICC has jurisdiction covering the principles of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and aggression. A novelty in this research is the affirmation of the ICC's jurisdiction and the United Nations Security Council's obligation to promptly halt the war on humanitarian grounds as an Obligation Erga Omnes. This study is limited to the humanitarian tragedy between Israel and Palestine without considering territorial status based on sovereignty principles.

Effect of leverage, firm size, and profitability on systematic risk and its implications on share price

Purpose: Palm oil plantations are among Indonesia's leading commodities that significantly contribute to the national economy. The fluctuation of stock prices in this subsector has attracted researchers' attention to understand the factors influencing it, including leverage, Firm Size, profitability, and systematic risk. This study aims to analyze the impact of leverage, Firm Size, profitability, and systematic risk on the stock prices of palm oil plantation subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2013-2023. Research Methodology: This study utilizes panel data and applies three main regression models, namely the Common Effect Model (CEM), Fixed Effect Model (FEM), and Random Effect Model (REM), to evaluate the impact of the independent variables on stock prices. Results: The findings indicate that leverage, Firm Size, profitability, and systematic risk do not have a significant impact on stock prices. Specifically, leverage does not have a significant effect on systematic risk or stock prices, Firm Size does not have a significant effect on systematic risk and stock prices, and profitability does not significantly affect systematic risk and stock prices. Systematic risk does not have a significant effect on stock price. There is no significant evidence that systematic risk mediates the impact of leverage, Firm Size, or profitability on stock prices. Limitations: This study is limited to palm oil plantation subsector companies listed on the IDX and the period between 2013 and 2023. External factors, such as macroeconomic conditions, government policies, and environmental factors that might be more significant, have not been deeply analyzed. Contributions: This study contributes to the literature by showing that internal variables such as leverage, Firm Size, and profitability do not always significantly affect stock prices in the context of the palm oil plantation sub-sector in Indonesia.

The effect of competency, education and training, workload on functional employee performance with work motivation as a variable intervening at regional government secretariat of the Riau Island Province

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effect of Competence, Education and Training, and Workload on Functional Employee Performance with Work Motivation as an intervening variable in the Regional Secretariat of the Riau Islands Provincial Government, totaling 106 employees. Research Methodology: The sample used in this study was the entire population of 106 employees of the Regional Secretariat of the Riau Islands Provincial Government. In this study, the sampling technique used was nonprobability sampling with the technique taken, namely saturated sampling (census). The research method uses a quantitative approach with the analysis of Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis techniques with the SmartPLS version 4.0 program. Results: The results of this study state that Competence has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance. Education and Training have positive and significant effects on Employee Performance. Workload had a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance. Work Motivation had a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance. Competence had a positive and insignificant effect on Work Motivation. Education and Training had positive and insignificant effects on Work Motivation. Workload has a positive and significant effect on Work Motivation. Work Motivation mediates the influence of Competence on Employee Performance. Work Motivation mediates the influence of Education and Training on Employee Performance. Work Motivation mediates the influence of workload on employee performance.

Influence of work facilities, competency, communication on business participants' satisfaction through service quality as a variable intervening at investment and one door opening service of the province of the Riau Island Government

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the effect of Work Facilities, Competence, and Communication on Business Satisfaction through Service Quality as an intervening variable at the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Service Office of the Riau Islands Provincial Government, totaling 168 employees. Research Methodology: The sample used in this study was the entire population of 168 employees of the Investment Service and One-Stop Integrated Service of the Riau Islands Provincial Government. In this study, the sampling technique used was nonprobability sampling with the technique taken, namely saturated sampling (census). The research method uses a quantitative approach with the analysis of partial least squares (PLS) analysis techniques with SmartPLS version 4.0. Results: The results indicate that Work Facilities have a positive and significant effect on satisfaction. Competence has a positive and insignificant effect on satisfaction. Communication had a positive and insignificant effect on satisfaction. Service Quality had a positive and significant effect on satisfaction. Work facilities had a positive and significant effect on service quality. Competence has a positive and significant effect on Service Quality. Communication has a positive and significant effect on Service Quality. Service Quality does not mediate the influence of Work Facilities on Satisfaction. Service Quality mediates the influence of Competence on Satisfaction. Service Quality mediates the influence of Communication on Satisfaction.

The influence of organizational culture and transformational leadership on employee performance at PT PLN (Persero) South Sumatera, Jambi and Bengkulu

Purpose: The main goal of this research is to examine the relationship between the organizational culture of PT PLN (Persero) South Sumatera, Jambi, and Bengkulu, as well as the impact of transformational leadership on employee performance. Method: This study's methodology is a quantitative analysis of survey data. The research population consisted of employees of PT PLN (Persero), South Sumatra, Jambi, and Bengkulu. The total sampling method was used. The study sample consisted of 288 participants. The data collection technique used a closed questionnaire from an employee survey. Data analysis was carried out using continuum lines and SEM-PLS analysis as well as hypothesis testing using full model Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis with smartPLS This research was carried out at PLN South Sumatera, Jambi and Bengkulu using quantitative methods. Results: Research shows that organizational culture is strong, transformational leadership is effective, and employee performance is high. In terms of the effects on employee performance, organizational culture is positively and significantly correlated with high scores, while transformational leadership is positively but not significantly correlated. Limitations: Culture, transformative leadership, and performance metrics may be difficult to standardize and use in different work settings. The use of measurement tools that are not valid or reliable can affect the validity of conclusions. Research may be conducted in limited contexts or samples, which reduces the ability to generalize the findings to broader populations or organizations. Other factors outside the organizational culture and transformational leadership, such as economic factors, market conditions, and individual factors, can influence employee performance. The study's limitations in controlling for or including these factors may limit the validity of the findings. Contributions: Aside from contributing to the growth of scientific understanding, this research has the potential to become a business strategy for enhancing the quality of organizational culture in accordance with the mission and vision of the company through the practice of transformational leadership and organizational culture

Analysis of the development of the tourism and creative economy sector in Bima Regency, West Nusa Tenggara

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the development of the tourism sector and the creative economy in Bima district, to analyze the extent to which the tourism and creative economy sectors have contributed to economic growth at both the regional and national levels. Research Methodology: The methodology used is descriptive qualitative by conducting a SWOT analysis. Results: The results of the analysis found that each of the tourism objects developed in Bima district has different characteristics in the development of tourist destinations, but from the average of these destinations only existing destinations that have large capital have developed while the potential of the destinations has not yet developed. Contribution: In the future, it is very big to be developed by increasing the 4 A (attraction, accessibility, amenities and ancillary) where almost all new undeveloped tourist destinations in Bima Regency have the same problems, while the development of creative creative activities requires the development of empowering creative creative actors so that they can improve income, Increasing financing for Creative Economy businesses so that it can increase business development for Creative Economy players, the need to provide adequate and competitive infrastructure - technology to support the development of creativity, so that it is expected to develop Creative Economy in Bima Regency. Implication: The development of creative creative activities requires the development of empowering creative creative actors so that they can improve income, Increasing financing for Creative Economy businesses so that it can increase business development for Creative Economy players, the need to provide adequate and competitive infrastructure - technology to support the development of creativity, so that it is expected to develop Creative Economy in Bima Regency.

The influence of service, innovation, integrity on taxpayer compliance with education as a moderating variable at the UPT PPD/Samsat Karimun Office

Purpose: This study analyzes the influence of service, innovation, and integrity on taxpayer compliance with education as a moderating variable in the UPT PPD/Samsat Karimun office. Methodology: This study used a quantitative and descriptive approach with a population of all 2-Wheeled Motor Vehicle Taxpayers, namely 64,003 people, to obtain a sample of 156 respondents. This study used primary data with data sources, distributing Google form questionnaires, and going directly to the field. The data analysis technique used is the partial least squares (PLS) approach, which is a structural equation model (Structural Equation Modeling or SEM) based on components or variants, SmartPLS 4.0. Results: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that 1) service quality has a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance, with an original sample value (O) of 0.305 and T-statistic of 2.235. 2) Innovation does not have a significant effect on taxpayer compliance, with an original sample value (O) of 0.252 and T-statistic of 0.870. 3) Integrity has a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance, with an original sample value (O) of 0.370 and T-statistic of 2.082. 4) Service does not have a significant effect on tax education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.043 and T-statistic of 0.197. 5) Innovation has a significant positive effect on tax education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.313 and T-statistic of 1.984. 6) Integrity does not have a significant effect on tax education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.529 and T-statistic of 1.916. 7) Service has a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance through education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.308 and T-statistic of 2.091. 8) Innovation does not have a significant effect on taxpayer compliance through education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.059 and T-statistic of 0.367. 9) Integrity does not have a significant effect on taxpayer compliance through education, with an original sample (O) value of 0.100 and T-statistic of 0.510. 10) Education has a significant positive influence on taxpayer compliance, with an original sample value (O) of 0.419 and T-statistic of 1.976.

The effect of service quality, utilisation of management information systems, and communication on participant satisfaction with trust as an intervening variable on Taspen pension participants in the Tanjungpinang City

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the satisfaction of retired participants in Taspen in the Tanjungpinang city area. Methodology: This study uses the variables of service quality, use of management information systems, and communication on participant satisfaction through trust. The study population included retired participants in the Taspen, Tanjungpinang city area. Meanwhile, the sample used in this study included as many as 150 people from the population. Data were collected using the questionnaire method by providing a list of questions or questionnaires directly to respondents. In this study, the researcher used SPSS ver.23 and SEM-PLS version 4 data processing. Results: This study shows that Service Quality (X1) directly has a positive and significant effect on trust (Z) with P-Value by 0.001 < 0.05, the Utilization of Management Information System (X2) directly has a positive and insignificant effect on trust (Z) with P-Value by 0.108 > 0.05, Communication (X3) directly has a positive and significant effect on trust (Z) with P-Value by 0.000 < 0.05, Service Quality (X1) directly has a positive and insignificant effect on satisfaction (Y) with P-Value by 0.063 > 0.05, the Utilization of Management Information System (X2) directly has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction (Y) with P-Value by 0.000 < 0.05, Communication (X3) directly has a positive and insignificant effect on satisfaction (Y) with P-Value by 0.327 > 0.05, trust (Z) directly has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction (Y) with P-Value by 0.031 < 0.05, the service quality variable (X1) mediates trust (Z) on participant satisfaction (Y) with P-Value by 1.978 > 1.540, the variable Utilization of Management Information System (X2) does not mediate trust (Z) on participant satisfaction (Y) with P-Value by 0.887 < 17.324, the Communication variable (X3) does not mediate the trust (Z) on participant satisfaction (Y) with P-Value by 0.1.501 > 0.450. The R-squared value for the confidence variable (Z) was 0.528 (52.8%), while the remaining 47.2% was explained by other variables outside the model. The R-squared value of the satisfaction variable (Y) was 0.489 (48.9%), while the remaining 51.1% indicated that Z had a mediating effect between X1, X2, and X3 on participant satisfaction (Y).